Mawu a Yehova Ndi Amoyo

Mfundo Zazikulu za M’mabuku a Nahumu, Habakuku, ndi Zefaniya

UFUMU wa padziko lonse wa Asuri wawononga kale Samariya, yemwe ndi likulu la ufumu wa mafuko khumi a Isiraeli. Komanso ufumu wa Asuri wakhala ukuopseza Yuda kwanthawi yaitali. Mneneri Nahumu wa ku Yuda ali ndi uthenga wonena za Nineve, yemwe ndi likulu la Asuri. Uthenga umenewu uli m’buku la m’Baibulo la Nahumu, lomwe linalembedwa chaka cha 632 B.C.E. chisanafike.

Ufumu wa Asuri unalowedwa m’malo ndi Ufumu wa Babulo, womwe nthawi zina unkalamulidwa ndi mafumu a Akasidi. Buku la Habakuku, lomwe n’kutheka kuti linamalizidwa kulembedwa mu 628 B.C.E., linalosera mmene Yehova adzagwiritsire ntchito ufumu wa Babulo popereka chiweruzo chake ndipo linaloseranso zimene ufumuwu udzakumane nazo.

Mneneri Zefaniya wa ku Yuda anagwira ntchito yake Nahumu ndi Habakuku asanayambe ntchito yawo. Iye anagwira ntchito yake kutatsala zaka zoposa 40 kuti Yerusalemu awonongedwe mu 607 B.C.E., ndipo ananenera za kuwonongedwa kwa Yuda ndiponso kubwezeretsedwa kwake. Buku la m’Baibulo la Zefaniya lilinso ndi uthenga wotsutsa mitundu ina.

“TSOKA MUDZI WA MWAZI!”

(Nahumu 1:1–3:19)

“Katundu [kutanthauza uthenga] wa Nineve” ndi wochokera kwa Yehova, yemwe ndi “wolekerera mkwiyo, koma wa mphamvu yaikulu.” Ngakhale kuti Yehova ndi “polimbikirapo tsiku la msauko” kwa anthu othawira kwa iye, Nineve adzawonongedwa.​—Nahumu 1:1, 3, 7.

‘Yehova adzabwezeranso ukulu wake wa Yakobo.’ Koma Asuri wasakaza mtundu wa  anthu a Mulungu ngati ‘mkango womwetula.’ Yehova ‘adzatentha magareta [a Nineve] m’utsi; ndi lupanga lidzadya misona [yake] ya mkango.’ (Nahumu 2:2, 12, 13) “Tsoka mudzi wa mwazi,” womwe ndi Nineve. ‘Onse akumva mbiri [yake] adzawombera manja’ ndipo adzasangalala.​—Nahumu 3:1, 19.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

1:9​—Kodi ‘kutha psiti’ kwa Nineve kunatanthauza chiyani kwa Yuda? Zinatanthauza kuti Yuda sadzavutitsidwanso ndi Asuri; “nsautso siidzauka kawiri.” Nahumu analemba ngati kuti Nineve wawonongedwa kale. Iye anati: “Taonani pamapiri mapazi a iye wakulalikira uthenga wabwino, wakubukitsa mtendere! Chita madyerero ako, Yuda.”​—Nahumu 1:15.

2:6​—Kodi “zipata za mitsinje” zimene zinatsegulidwa ndi chiyani? Zipata zimenezi zinaimira malo a malinga a Nineve amene anagamuka ndi madzi a mtsinje wa Tigirisi. Asilikali a Ababulo ndi Amedi atabwera kudzamenya nkhondo ndi Nineve mu 632 B.C.E., iye sanatekeseke kwenikweni. Chifukwa cha malinga aatali, anthu a mu mzindawu ankaganiza kuti palibe amene angalowemo. Koma kunagwa mvula yambiri ndipo mtsinje wa Tigirisi unasefukira. Malingana ndi zimene ananena wolemba mbiri wina, dzina lake Diodorus, izi zinachititsa kuti “mbali ina ya mzindawo imire ndiponso mbali yaikulu ndithu ya malinga ake igwe.” Mogwirizana ndi ulosi, zipata za mitsinje zinatseguka, ndipo Nineve analandidwa mofulumira kwambiri ngati mmene moto umapserezera chiputu chouma.​—Nahumu 1:8-10.

3:4​—Kodi Nineve anali ngati mkazi wachiwerewere m’njira yotani? Nineve ananyenga mitundu ina mwa kuilonjeza kuti agwirizana nayo ndiponso kuithandiza, koma kwenikweni anali kuipondereza. Mwachitsanzo, Asuri anathandiza Mfumu Ahazi ya Yuda pachiwembu chimene Suriya ndi Isiraeli anakonza. Koma, kenako “mfumu ya Asuri anadza kwa [Ahazi], nam’sautsa.”​—2 Mbiri 28:20.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

1:2-6. Yehova analanga adani ake amene anakana kumulambira mosagawanika. Izi zikusonyeza kuti iye amafuna kuti omulambira ake azimulambira mosagawanika ngakhale pang’ono.​—Eksodo 20:5.

1:10. Mawu a Yehova otsutsana ndi Nineve sanalephere kukwaniritsidwa chifukwa cha malinga akuluakulu okhala ndi nsanja zambirimbiri. Adani a anthu a Yehova masiku ano sadzatha kuthawa chilango cha Mulungu.​—Miyambo 2:22; Danieli 2:44.

“WOLUNGAMA ADZAKHALA NDI MOYO”

(Habakuku 1:1–3:19)

Machaputala awiri oyambirira a buku la Habakuku ndi makambirano a mneneriyu ndi Yehova Mulungu. Chifukwa chomva chisoni ndi zomwe zinkachitika mu Yuda, Habakuku anafunsa Mulungu kuti: “Mundionetseranji zopanda pake, ndi kundionetsa zovuta?” Poyankha, Yehova anati: “Ndiukitsa Akasidi, mtundu uja wowawa ndi waliwiro.” Mneneriyu anadabwa kuti n’chifukwa chiyani Mulungu adzalanga Ayuda pogwiritsa ntchito anthu ‘ochita mochenjerera.’ (Habakuku 1:3, 6, 13) Habakuku anatsimikiziridwa kuti olungama adzakhala ndi moyo koma adani sadzapulumuka chilango. Ndiponso Habakuku anatchula masoka asanu amene Akasidi adzakumana nawo.​—Habakuku 2:4.

Popempha kuti Mulungu awachitire chifundo, Habakuku anaimba nyimbo zachisoni pokumbukira zinthu zamphamvu zimene Yehova anachita monga za pa Nyanja Yofiira, m’chipululu ndiponso ku Yeriko. Mneneriyu analoseranso za kuguba kwa Yehova mumkwiyo wake powononga anthu pa Aramagedo. Pempheroli linatha ndi mawu akuti: “Yehova, Ambuye, ndiye mphamvu yanga, asanduliza mapazi anga ngati a mbawala, nadzandipondetsa pa misanje yanga.”​—Habakuku 3:1, 19.

 Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

1:5, 6​—N’chifukwa chiyani Ayuda sanakhulupirire kuti Akasidi angawononge Yerusalemu? Panthawi imene Habakuku anayamba kulosera, Yuda ankathandizidwa ndi Iguputo. (2 Mafumu 23:29, 30, 34) Ngakhale kuti ufumu wa Babulo unkakula mphamvu, asilikali ake anali asanagonjetse Farao Neko. (Yeremiya 46:2) Komanso kachisi wa Yehova anali ku Yerusalemu ndipo mzera wa mafumu a banja la Davide unkalamulira mosadodometsedwa. Panthawiyo Ayuda sanamvetse zoti Mulungu angalole Akasidi kuwononga Yerusalemu. Ngakhale kuti mawu a Habakuku anali ovuta kuwakhulupirira, masomphenya a kuwonongedwa kwa Yerusalemu ndi Ababulo ‘anafika ndithu’ mu 607 B.C.E.​—Habakuku 2:3.

2:5​—Kodi “munthu” wotchulidwa pa lembali ndani ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani sadzafika “kwawo”? “Munthu” ameneyu akuimira Ababulo omwe ankagonjetsa mitundu yambiri chifukwa cha luso lawo pankhondo. Chifukwa chopambana nkhondo, anali ngati munthu woledzera ndi vinyo. Komabe iye sadzakwanitsa kusonkhanitsa mitundu yonse chifukwa Yehova adzachititsa kuti agonjetsedwe ndi Amedi ndi Aperisi. Masiku ano “munthu” ameneyu ndi maboma andale. Iwo ndi oledzera chifukwa cha kudzidalira, kudzikuza ndiponso mtima wofuna kukulitsa mphamvu zawo. Koma sadzakwanitsa cholinga chawo ‘chodzisonkhanitsira amitundu onse.’ Ufumu wa Mulungu wokha ndi umene ungagwirizanitse anthu onse.​—Mateyo 6:9, 10.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

1:1-4; 1:12–2:1. Habakuku anafunsa mafunso ochokera mu mtima ndipo Yehova anamuyankha. Mulungu woona amamvetsera mapemphero a atumiki ake okhulupirika.

2:1. Mofanana ndi Habakuku tiyenera kukhala atcheru ndiponso achangu mwauzimu. Tiyeneranso kukhala okonzeka kusintha maganizo mogwirizana ndi “choneneza,” kapena kuti chidzudzulo chimene tingapatsidwe.

2:3; 3:16. Pamene tikuyembekeza tsiku la Yehova mwachikhulupiriro tisaone ngati likuchedwa.

2:4. Kuti tidzapulumuke tsiku lachiweruzo la Yehova limene likubwera, tiyenera kupirira komanso kukhala okhulupirika.​—Aheberi 10:36-38.

2:6, 7, 9, 12, 15, 19. Munthu aliyense waumbombo, wachinyengo, wokonda chiwawa, wachiwerewere, kapena wopembedza mafano akuyembekezera tsoka. Tiyenera kusamala kuti tisatengere makhalidwe amenewa.

2:11. Ngati titalephera kuvumbula kuipa kwa dzikoli, ‘mwala . . . udzafuula.’ Tikufunika kulimba mtima ndi kupitiriza kulalikira uthenga wa Ufumu.

3:6. Palibe chimene chingalepheretse Yehova kupereka chiweruzo chake. Ngakhale mabungwe a anthu, omwe amaoneka kuti ndi okhalitsa ngati mapiri sangamulepheretse.

3:13. Ndife otsimikiza kuti Aramagedo siidzawononga anthu onse chifukwa Yehova adzapulumutsa atumiki ake.

3:17-19. Ngakhale kuti tingakumane ndi mavuto panopo mpaka pa Aramagedo, tili ndi chidaliro kuti Yehova adzatipatsa “mphamvu” pamene tikupitirizabe kumutumikira mwachimwemwe.

‘TSIKU LA YEHOVA LAYANDIKIRA’

(Zefaniya 1:1–3:20)

Kulambira Baala kunali kofala mu Yuda. Kudzera mwa mneneri wake Zefaniya, Yehova anati: “Ndidzatambasulira dzanja langa pa Yuda, ndi pa onse okhala m’Yerusalemu.” Ndipo Zefaniya anachenjeza kuti: ‘Tsiku la Yehova layandikira.’ (Zefaniya 1:4, 7, 14) Ndi anthu okhawo omwe akuchita zimene Mulungu amafuna amene ‘adzabisika’ pa tsikulo.​—Zefaniya 2:3.

“Tsoka . . . mudzi wozunza,” womwe ndi Yerusalemu. Ulosiwo ukupitiriza kuti: “Mundilindire, ati Yehova, kufikira tsiku loukira Ine zofunkha; pakuti ndatsimikiza mtima Ine kusonkhanitsa amitundu . . . kuwatsanulira  kulunda kwanga.” Komabe, Mulungu akulonjeza kuti: “Ndidzakuikani mukhale dzina, ndi chilemekezo mwa mitundu yonse ya anthu a pa dziko lapansi, pamene ndibweza undende wanu pamaso panu.”​—Zefaniya 3:1, 8, 20.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

2:13, 14​—Ndani “adzaimba mawu” mu mzinda wa Nineve wowonongedwa? Popeza kuti Nineve adzakhala malo a nyama ndi mbalame zakuthengo, mawu amene adzapitirize kumveka ndi a mbalame zikuimba komanso mwina a mphepo ikuomba m’mawindo a nyumba zopanda anthu.

3:9​—Kodi “mlomo woyera” kapena kuti chinenero choyera n’chiyani ndipo kodi chikulankhulidwa motani? Chimenechi ndi choonadi chonena za Mulungu chopezeka m’Mawu ake, omwe ndi Baibulo. Chinenerochi chikuphatikizapo zinthu zonse zimene Baibulo limaphunzitsa. Timalankhula chinenero chimenechi mwa kukhulupirira choonadi, kuphunzitsa ena choonadi molondola, ndiponso kuchita chifuniro cha Mulungu pamoyo wathu.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

1:8. Zikuoneka kuti anthu ena m’masiku a Zefaniya ankafuna kuyanjidwa ndi anthu a mitundu yowazungulira mwa ‘kuvala chovala chachilendo.’ Anthu a Yehova masiku ano angalakwitse kwambiri ngati atayesa kuchita zinthu kuti afanane ndi dzikoli.

1:12; 3:5, 16. Yehova ankatumiza aneneri kuti akachenjeze anthu ake za chiweruzo chake. Iye ankachita zimenezi ngakhale kuti Ayuda ambiri ankafanana ndi nsenga zokhazikika m’chipanda cha mowa chifukwa ankakhala mosatekeseka ndiponso sankalabadira uthenga wa aneneriwo. Pamene tsiku lalikulu la Yehova likuyandikira, m’malo moti ‘manja athu akhale olefuka’ chifukwa choti anthu n’ngamphwayi, tiyenera kupitiriza kulengeza uthenga wa Ufumu.

2:3. Ndi Yehova yekha amene angatipulumutse pa tsiku la mkwiyo wake. Tiyenera ‘kufuna Yehova’ mwa kuphunzira Baibulo mosamala; kum’pempha kuti atitsogolere; ndiponso kumuyandikira kwambiri, ndipo tikatero iye adzapitiriza kutiyanja. Tiyenera ‘kufuna chilungamo’ mwa kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino. Ndipo tiyenera ‘kufuna chifatso’ mwa kukhala anthu odzichepetsa ndiponso amtima wogonjera.

2:4-15; 3:1-5. Patsiku limene Yehova adzapereke chiweruzo chake, Matchalitchi Achikhristu ndiponso mayiko onse, omwe akhala akupondereza anthu a Mulungu, adzalangidwa ngati mmene Yerusalemu ndiponso mitundu yomuzungulira inalangidwira. (Chivumbulutso 16:14, 16; 18:4-8) Tiyenera kupitiriza kulengeza chiweruzo cha Mulungu mopanda mantha.

3:8, 9. Pamene tikudikira tsiku la Yehova, timakonzekera kudzapulumuka mwa kuphunzira chinenero choyera ndiponso ‘kuitanira pa dzina’ la Mulungu mwa kudzipereka kwa iye. Komanso timatumikira Yehova ndi “mtima umodzi” mogwirizana ndi anthu ake ndi kupereka kwa iye “nsembe ya chitamando” monga mphatso.​—Aheberi 13:15.

“Lifulumira Kudza”

Wamasalmo anaimba kuti: “Katsala kanthawi ndipo woipa adzatha psiti: Inde, udzayang’anira mbuto yake, nudzapeza palibe.” (Salmo 37:10) Tikaganizira zimene analosera ponena za Nineve m’buku la Nahumu komanso ponena za Babulo ndi Ayuda ampatuko m’buku la Habakuku, sitikukayikira m’pang’ono pomwe kuti mawu a wamasalmo amenewa adzakwaniritsidwa. Komano kodi tidikire mpaka liti?

Lemba la Zefaniya 1:14 limati: “Tsiku lalikulu la Yehova lili pafupi, lili pafupi lifulumira kudza.” Buku la Zefaniya limatiuzanso mmene tingadzabisikire pa tsiku limenelo komanso zimene tingachite pokonzekera kudzapulumuka. Zoonadi, “mawu a Mulungu ndi amoyo ndi amphamvu.”​—Aheberi 4:12.

[Zithunzi patsamba 8]

Malinga akuluakulu a Nineve sanalepheretse ulosi wa Nahumu kukwaniritsidwa

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Randy Olson/​National Geographic Image Collection