Kaduka ndi Khalidwe Limene Lingawononge Maganizo Athu

Napoleon Bonaparte, Julius Caesar ndiponso Alexander Wamkulu onse anali ndi kaduka. Ngakhale kuti anali ndi mphamvu zambiri ndiponso ulemerero wadzaoneni, amuna amenewa anali ndi khalidwe loopsa kwambiri limeneli.

Katswiri wa nzeru za anthu wa ku England dzina lake Bertrand Russell analemba kuti: “Napoleon ankachitira kaduka Caesar, Caesar ankachitira kaduka Alexander [wamkulu] ndipo Alexander ankachitira kaduka Hercules, yemwe sanakhalepo.” Munthu aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi kaduka ngakhale atakhala kuti ali ndi chuma chambiri, maluso ambiri kapena zinthu zikumuyendera bwino kwambiri.

Munthu amene amachita kaduka amadana ndi anthu ena chifukwa cha zinthu zimene ali nazo kapenanso chifukwa choti zinthu zikuwayendera bwino. Pofotokoza kusiyana kwa kaduka ndi nsanje, buku lina lofotokoza Baibulo limati: “Munthu amene amachita ‘nsanje’ . . . amafuna kuti zinthu zimuyendere bwino ngati mmene zilili ndi munthu wina koma munthu amene amachita ‘kaduka’ amafuna kulanda zinthu zimene munthu wina ali nazo.” Sikuti munthu wakaduka amangosirira zimene ena ali nazo, koma amafuna azitenge zikhale zake.

Ndi bwino kuganizira zimene zingachititse kuti tikhale ndi kaduka komanso mavuto amene angatsatire. Tiyenera kudziwanso zimene zingatithandize kuti tipewe kutsogoleredwa ndi kaduka pa moyo wathu.

ZIMENE ZINGALIMBIKITSE MTIMA WAKADUKA

Mwachibadwa anthu opanda ungwiro amakhala ndi “chizolowezi cholakalaka zinthu” ndiponso kuchita kaduka. (Yak. 4:5) Koma palinso zinthu zina zimene zingalimbikitse munthu kuti akhale ndi mtima umenewu. Mtumwi Paulo anatchula chinthu china pamene analemba kuti: “Tisakhale odzikuza, oyambitsa mpikisano pakati pathu, ndi ochitirana kaduka.” (Agal. 5:26) Mtima wampikisano ungachititse kuti chizolowezi chathu cholakalaka zinthu zosiyanasiyana chifike pokhala kaduka. Cristina ndi José *, omwe ndi Akhristu, anazindikira kuti mfundo imeneyi ndi yoona.

Cristina ndi mpainiya wokhazikika ndipo anati: “Ine nthawi zambiri ndimachitira kaduka anthu ena. Ndimayerekezera zimene ali nazo ndi zimene ine ndilibe.” Tsiku lina Cristina ankadya ndi banja lina lomwe limatumikira monga oyendayenda. Podziwa kuti banjalo ndi la msinkhu wawo komanso poyamba ankachita utumiki wofanana, iye anati: “Mukudziwa kuti mwamuna wanga nayenso ndi mkulu. Ndiye zikutheka bwanji kuti inu ndi oyang’anira oyendayenda pomwe ifeyo tilibe udindo uliwonse?” Iye anayamba kaduka chifukwa chokhala ndi mtima wampikisano. Zimenezi zinamuchititsa kuti asaone zabwino zimene iye ndi mwamuna wake anali kuchita ndiponso kumva kuti moyo wake ndi wosasangalatsa.

Nayenso José ankafunitsitsa kukhala mtumiki wothandiza mu mpingo. Ndiyeno zinachitika kuti anzake anaikidwa kukhala atumiki koma iye ayi. Zitatero, iye anayamba kuwachitira kaduka komanso kudana ndi wogwirizanitsa ntchito za bungwe la akulu.  José ananena kuti: “Chifukwa cha kaduka ndinkadana ndi m’baleyo n’kumaganiza kuti ali ndi zolinga zoipa. Ukayamba kutsogoleredwa ndi kaduka umayamba kudzikonda ndiponso suganiza bwino.”

ZIMENE TIKUPHUNZIRA PA ZITSANZO ZA M’MALEMBA

M’Baibulo muli zitsanzo zambiri pa nkhani imeneyi. (1 Akor. 10:11) Zitsanzo zina zimatisonyeza mmene munthu amayambira kukhala wakaduka komanso mmene khalidweli limaipitsira munthu.

Mwachitsanzo, Kaini yemwe anali mwana woyamba wa Adamu ndi Hava anakwiya kwambiri Yehova atalandira nsembe ya Abele n’kukana yake. Kaini akanatha kukonza zinthu koma anasokonezeka maganizo chifukwa cha kaduka mpaka kufika popha m’bale wake. (Gen. 4:4-8) M’pake kuti Baibulo limati Kaini “anachokera kwa woipayo,” kapena kuti Satana.​—1 Yoh. 3:12.

Azibale ake a Yosefe okwana 10 ankamuchitira kaduka chifukwa chakuti iye ankagwirizana ndi bambo awo. Ndiyeno mkwiyo wawo unawonjezereka Yosefe atawauza za maloto ake aulosi mpaka anafika pofuna kumupha. Iwo anamugulitsa n’kunamiza bambo awo kuti Yosefe waphedwa. (Gen. 37:4-11, 23-28, 31-33) Patapita zaka zambiri, iwo anavomereza tchimo lawo n’kumauzana kuti: “Ndithudi, izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha zimene tinachitira m’bale wathu uja. Pajatu tinaona kusautsika kwake pamene anatichonderera kuti timumvere chisoni, koma ife sitinalabadire.”​—Gen. 42:21; 50:15-19.

Kora, Datani ndi Abiramu anayamba kuyerekezera udindo wawo ndi wa Mose ndi Aroni ndipo izi zinachititsa kuti akhale ndi kaduka. Iwo ananena kuti Mose ankadzikuza ndipo ankachita zinthu ‘ngati mfumu yowalamulira.’ (Num. 16:13) Komatu zimene ankanenazi zinali zabodza. (Num. 11:14, 15) Yehova ndi amene anasankha Mose kuti atsogolere Aisiraeli. Koma anthu opandukawa ankangofuna udindo wa Mose basi. Ndiyeno Yehova anawawononga chifukwa cha mtima wawo wakaduka.​—Sal. 106:16, 17.

Mfumu Solomo inaonanso kuopsa kwa mtima wakaduka. Mayi wina, yemwe mwana wake wakhanda anamwalira ananamizira mnzake kuti amene wafa ndi mwana wake. Ndiyeno pa nthawi yozenga mlandu wawo, mayi wa kadukayu anavomereza kuti mwana wamoyoyo aphedwe. Koma Solomo anaonetsetsa kuti mwanayo waperekedwa kwa mayi ake enieni.​—1 Maf. 3:16-27.

Khalidwe la kaduka likhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa kwambiri. Zitsanzo za m’Malemba zimene zangotchulidwa kumenezi zikusonyeza kuti khalidweli lingachititse chidani, kupanda chilungamo ndiponso kupha. Tikhoza kuonanso kuti m’nkhani za m’Malemba zonsezi, wochitiridwa kadukayo amakhala kuti sanalakwe chilichonse. Kodi pali chilichonse chimene tingachite kuti tipewe kaduka pa moyo wathu?

ZIMENE ZINGATHANDIZE

Muzikonda abale anu. Mtumwi Petulo analangiza Akhristu kuti: “Tsopano, popeza mwayeretsa miyoyo yanu mwa kukhala omvera choonadi ndipo zotsatira zake n’zakuti mumakonda abale mopanda chinyengo, kondanani kwambiri kuchokera mumtima.”  (1 Pet. 1:22) Kodi chikondi chimatani? Mtumwi Paulo analemba kuti: “Chikondi n’choleza mtima ndiponso n’chokoma mtima. Chikondi sichichita nsanje, sichidzitama, sichidzikuza, sichichita zosayenera, sichisamala zofuna zake zokha.” (1 Akor. 13:4, 5) Kukonda anthu ena ndi chikondi choterechi kungatithandize kugonjetsa kaduka. (1 Pet. 2:1) Yonatani sanachitire kaduka Davide m’malomwake anayamba ‘kum’konda ngati mmene anali kudzikondera yekha.’​—1 Sam. 18:1.

Muzicheza ndi anthu amene amakonda Mulungu. Wolemba Salimo 73 ankachitira kaduka anthu oipa amene ankaoneka kuti zinthu zikuwayendera pa moyo wawo. Koma anathetsa vutoli pamene analowa “m’malo opatulika aulemerero a Mulungu.” (Sal. 73:3-5, 17) Kukhala limodzi ndi anthu olambira Mulungu anzake kunathandiza wamasalimoyu kuti aganizire madalitso amene ankapeza chifukwa ‘choyandikira Mulungu.’ (Sal. 73:28) Kusonkhana nthawi zonse ndi Akhristu anzathu kungatithandizenso kupewa kaduka.

Muziyesetsa kuchita zabwino. Mulungu ataona kuti Kaini wayamba kukhala ndi mtima wakaduka, anamuuza kuti: ‘Sintha n’kuchita chabwino.’ (Gen. 4:7) Kodi ‘kuchita chabwino’ kumatanthauza chiyani kwa Akhristu? Yesu anati tiyenera ‘kukonda Yehova Mulungu wathu ndi mtima wathu wonse, moyo wathu wonse, ndi maganizo athu onse ndiponso kukonda mnzathu mmene timadzikondera tokha.’ (Mat. 22:37-39) Tikamaika kutumikira Yehova ndiponso kuthandiza anthu ena patsogolo pa moyo wathu timasangalala ndipo zimenezi zimatithandiza kupewa kaduka. Kugwira nawo mwakhama ntchito yolalikira ndi kuphunzitsa anthu ndi njira yabwino yotumikira Mulungu ndi anzathu. Kuchita zimenezi kumatibweretsera “madalitso a Yehova.”​—Miy. 10:22.

‘Muzisangalala ndi anthu amene akusangalala.’ (Aroma 12:15) Yesu anasangalala ndi zimene ophunzira ake anachita bwino ndipo anawauza kuti adzachita zinthu zambiri pa ntchito yolalikira kuposa zimene iye anachita. (Luka 10:17, 21; Yoh. 14:12) Tonsefe ndife atumiki ogwirizana a Yehova, choncho zimene wina angachite bwino zimabweretsa madalitso kwa tonsefe. (1 Akor. 12:25, 26) Choncho ngati ena apatsidwa maudindo, tiyenera kusangalala osati kuwachitira kaduka.

SI ZOPHWEKA KUTHANA NDI KADUKA

Nkhondo yolimbana ndi mtima wakaduka ndi yaikulu. Cristina ananena kuti: “Mtima wakaduka sunatheretu. Ngakhale kuti ndimadana ndi khalidweli, ndidakali nalobe ndipo ndimalimbana nalo nthawi zonse.” Nayenso José anali pa nkhondo yofanana ndi imeneyi. Iye anati: “Yehova anandithandiza kuti ndiziyamikira makhalidwe abwino a wogwirizanitsa ntchito za bungwe la akulu. Kukhala pa ubwenzi wabwino ndi Mulungu kwandithandiza kwambiri.”

Kaduka ndi imodzi mwa “ntchito za thupi,” zimene Akhristu ayenera kulimbana nazo. (Agal. 5:19-21) Tikapewa mtima wakaduka tingakhale wosangalala ndiponso tikhoza kusangalatsa Atate wathu wakumwamba, Yehova.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 17]

“Sangalalani ndi anthu amene akusangalala”