Zimene Owerenga Amafunsa

N’chifukwa Chiyani Mboni za Yehova Sizigwiritsa Ntchito Mtanda Polambira?

Mboni za Yehova zimakhulupirira kwambiri kuti imfa ya Yesu Khristu ndiyo dipo limene limapereka mwayi woti anthu amene amakhulupirira iye adzalandire moyo wosatha. (Mateyo 20:28; Yohane 3:16) Komabe, iwo samakhulupirira kuti Yesu anafera pa mtanda, monga mmene zithunzi zambiri za m’matchalitchi zimasonyezera. Mboni za Yehova zimakhulupirira kuti Yesu anafera pa mtengo umodzi woongoka, wopanda wina wopingasa.

Mtanda unkagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kwambiri ku Mesopotamia, zaka 2,000 Khristu asanabadwe. Mitanda inkajambulidwanso m’miyala ya mayiko a kumpoto kwa Ulaya pafupifupi zaka 3,000 Yesu asanabadwe. Ndipo katswiri wina wa mbiri yakale wa ku Denmark, dzina lake Sven Tito Achen, analemba nkhani yonena za mtanda m’buku lina (Symbols Around Us). Iye anafotokoza kuti anthu achikunjawo ankagwiritsa ntchito mtanda “monga chizindikiro cha matsenga . . . chowateteza, ndiponso chowapatsa mwayi.” Choncho n’zosadabwitsa kuti buku lina la Chikatolika (New Catholic Encyclopedia) linati: “Mtanda unkagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kwambiri Chikhristu chisanayambe ndiponso ndi anthu omwe sanali Akhristu, monga chizindikiro chapadera cha zinthu za kuthambo.” Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani matchalitchi anasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mtanda monga chizindikiro chopatulika?

Mngelezi wina wotchuka pankhani ya maphunziro dzina lake W. E. Vine, anatchula mfundo yakuti: “Cha m’ma 250 A.D. . . . anthu achikunja anayamba kulowa m’matchalitchi . . . ndipo anawalola kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zawo zachikunja polambira. Motero matchalitchi anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mtanda polambira.”​—Vine’s Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words.

Mngeleziyu anafotokozanso kuti mawu akuti “mtanda” ndiponso “kupachika” amatanthauza mtengo umodzi woongoka . . . wosiyana kwambiri ndi mtanda umene matchalitchi amaugwiritsira ntchito.” Mogwirizana ndi mfundo imeneyi, buku lina la pa yunivesite ya Oxford, lofotokoza za m’Baibulo (Companion Bible) limati: “Umboni ukusonyeza kuti . . . Ambuye anafera pa mtengo umodzi woongoka, osati pa matabwa awiri opingasa.” Choncho n’zoonekeratu kuti matchalitchi akutsatira zinthu za chikunja, osati za m’Baibulo.

Katswiri wa mbiri yakale uja anatinso: “Patapita zaka 200 kuchokera pamene Yesu anafa, n’zokayikitsa kuti Akhristu ankagwiritsa ntchito mtanda.” Ponena za Akhristu a m’nthawi ya atumwi, katswiriyu anafotokoza kuti mtanda “unkaimira kwambiri imfa ndiponso zinthu zoipa, mofanana ndi mmene makina ophera anthu alili oipa masiku ano.”

Kaya Yesu anafera pa mtanda kapena ayi, mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndiyoti Akhristu sayenera kulambira chizindikiro chilichonse. Baibulo limalamula kuti: “Thawani kupembedza mafano.” (1 Akorinto 10:14) Ndipo Yesu anatchula chizindikiro chenicheni cha otsatira ake oona. Iye anati: “Mwa ichi onse adzadziwa kuti ndinu ophunzira anga, ngati mukondana wina ndi mnzake.”​—Yohane 13:35.

Mofanana ndi Akhristu a m’nthawi ya atumwi, Mboni za Yehova polambira zimayesetsa kutsatira zimene Baibulo limanena m’malo motsatira miyambo ya anthu. (Aroma 3:4; Akolose 2:8) N’chifukwa chake sizigwiritsa ntchito mtanda polambira.

[Chithunzi patsamba 22]

Chithunzi chosonyeza mfumu ya chikunja ya Asuri itavala mtanda, m’ma 800 B.C.E.

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Photograph taken by courtesy of the British Museum