Kodi Yesu Anaphunzitsa Chiyani za Helo?

Yesu anati: “Ngati diso lako limakupunthwitsa, ulitaye; ndi bwino kuti ulowe mu ufumu wa Mulungu ndi diso limodzi, kusiyana n’kuponyedwa mu [“helo,” Contemporary English Version] uli ndi maso onse awiri, kumene mphutsi za mitembo sizifa ndipo moto wake suzima.”​—MALIKO 9:47, 48.

Panthawi inanso Yesu ananena za nthawi ya chiweruzo pamene iye adzanena kwa anthu oipa kuti: “Chokani kwa Ine, inu otembereredwa, ku moto wosatha wokonzedwera mdyerekezi ndi angelo ake.” Kenako ananenanso kuti anthu amenewa “adzapita ku chilango chosatha.”​—MATEYO 25:41, 46, Chipangano Chatsopano Mu Chichewa Cha Lero.

KUNGOONA mawuwa, mungaganize kuti Yesu analimbikitsa chiphunzitso cha moto wa helo. N’zodziwikiratu kuti Yesu sanali kutsutsana ndi Mawu a Mulungu, amene amanena momveka bwino kuti: “Akufa sadziwa kanthu.”​—Mlaliki 9:5, Malembo Oyera.

Ndiyeno kodi Yesu ankatanthauza chiyani pamene ananena kuti munthu adzaponyedwa “mu helo”? Kodi “moto wosatha” umene Yesu ananena ndi weniweni kapena wophiphiritsa? Nanga kodi anthu oipa amapita bwanji “ku chilango chosatha”? Tiyankha mafunso amenewa limodzi ndi limodzi.

Kodi Yesu ankatanthauza chiyani pamene ananena kuti munthu adzaponyedwa “mu helo”? Mawu oyambirira a Chigiriki amene anamasuliridwa kuti “helo” pa Maliko 9:47 ndi Geʹen·na. Mawu amenewa anachokera ku mawu a Chiheberi akuti Geh Hin·nomʹ, kutanthauza “Chigwa cha Hinomu.” Chigwa chimenechi chinali kunja kwa mzinda wakale wa Yerusalemu. M’masiku a mafumu a Isiraeli, malo amenewa ankaperekerako ana nsembe. Mchitidwe umenewu unali wonyansa kwambiri ndipo Mulungu sankauvomereza. Iye ananena kuti adzapha onse amene ankachita  kulambira konyenga kumeneku. Ndipo Chigwa cha Hinomu chidzakhala “chigwa chopherako anthu,” kumene “mitembo ya anthu amenewa” siidzaikidwa m’manda. (Yeremiya 7:30-34, King James Version) Apa Yehova analosera kuti Chigwa cha Hinomu chidzakhala malo otayako mitembo yambirimbiri, osati malo ozunzirako anthu amoyo.

M’nthawi ya Yesu, anthu a ku Yerusalemu ankagwiritsa ntchito Chigwa cha Hinomu ngati dzala. Ankatayako mitembo ya zigawenga ndipo ankaonetsetsa kuti kumeneko moto sukuzima kuti uzipsereza zinyalala ndi mitemboyo.

Pamene Yesu ananena za mphutsi zosafa komanso moto wosazima, zikuoneka kuti anali kugwira mawu a palemba la Yesaya 66:24. Ponena za ‘mitembo ya anthu amene analakwira [Mulungu],’ Yesaya ananena kuti “mbozi yawo sidzafa, pena moto wawo sudzazimidwa.” Yesu ndi omvera ake ankadziwa kuti mawu a Yesaya  amenewa ankanena za mitembo ya anthu osayenera kuikidwa m’manda.

Choncho, Yesu moyenerera anagwiritsa ntchito Chigwa cha Hinomu, kapena kuti Gehena, kuimira imfa yopanda chiyembekezo chodzaukanso. Iye anamveketsa mfundo imeneyi pamene anachenjeza kuti Mulungu “akhoza kupha mzimu ndi thupi lomwe mu gahena.” (Mateyo 10:28, Chipangano Chatsopano Mu Chichewa Cha Lero) Gehena amaimira imfa yamuyaya, osati kuzunzika kwamuyaya.

Kodi “moto wosatha” umene Yesu ananena ndi weniweni kapena wophiphiritsa? Onani kuti “moto wosatha” umene Yesu ananena wolembedwa pa Mateyo 25:41 ndi wokonzedwera “mdyerekezi ndi angelo ake.” Kodi mukuganiza kuti moto weniweni ungapsereze zolengedwa zauzimu? Kapena kodi Yesu anangogwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti “moto” mophiphiritsa? Anatero kumene, chifukwatu “nkhosa” ndi “mbuzi” zimene zinatchulidwa m’nkhani yomweyo si zenizeni, koma ndi mawu ophiphiritsa oimira magulu awiri a anthu. (Mateyo 25:32, 33) Moto wosatha umene Yesu ananena umapserezeratu anthu oipa mophiphiritsa.

Kodi anthu oipa amapita bwanji “ku chilango chosatha”? Ngakhale kuti pa Mateyo 25:46 Mabaibulo ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti “chilango,” tanthauzo lenileni la mawu a Chigiriki akuti koʹla·sin ndi “kulepheretsa mitengo kukula,” kapena kuti kudulira mitengo. Choncho pamene anthu onga nkhosa akulandira moyo wosatha, anthu osalapa onga mbuzi adzalandira “chilango chosatha,” kapena kuti adzadulidwa n’kusakhalanso ndi moyo.

Kodi Inuyo Mukuganiza Bwanji?

Yesu sanaphunzitsepo zakuti mzimu wa munthu suufa. Koma nthawi zambiri iye  anaphunzitsa za kuuka kwa akufa. (Luka 14:13, 14; Yohane 5:25-29; 11:25) Kodi Yesu akananena bwanji kuti akufa adzaukitsidwa ngati iye ankakhulupirira kuti mizimu yawo sinafe?

Yesu sanaphunzitse kuti Mulungu amachita nkhanza yozunza anthu oipa kosatha. M’malo mwake, iye anati: “Mulungu anakonda dziko lapansi, kotero kuti anapereka Mwana wake wobadwa yekha, kuti aliyense wokhulupirira Iye asatayike koma akhale nawo moyo wosatha.” (Yohane 3:16, Chipangano Chatsopano Mu Chichewa Cha Lero) N’chifukwa chiyani Yesu anasonyeza kuti amene samukhulupirira iye adzafa? Ngati iye ankatanthauzadi kuti iwo adzakhala ndi moyo wosatha, kwinaku akuzunzika m’moto wa helo, kodi sakananena zimenezo?

Chiphunzitso chakuti helo ndi malo ozunzirako anthu mulibe m’Baibulo. Koma ndi chikhulupiriro chachikunja chimene anthu amaona ngati ndi chiphunzitso chachikhristu. (Onani bokosi lakuti  “Mbiri Yachidule ya Helo,” patsamba 6.) Mulungu sazunza anthu kosatha kuhelo ngakhale pang’ono. Kodi kuphunzira zoona zake za helo kungakhudze bwanji mmene mumaonera Mulungu?

[Bokosi patsamba 6]

 MBIRI YACHIDULE YA HELO

CHIPHUNZITSO CHA HELO CHINAYAMBIRA KUCHIKUNJA: Kale, ku Iguputo ankakhulupirira za moto wa helo. Buku lina lakuti The Book Ȧm-Ṭuat, limene linalembedwa mu 1375 B.C.E., limanena za anthu amene “adzaponyedwa chamutu m’maenje a moto; ndipo . . . sadzachokamo komanso . . . sadzatha kuthawa motowo.” Mgiriki wafilosofi dzina lake Plutarch (amene anakhalapo cha m’ma 46 mpaka 120 C.E.) analemba za anthu akumidima kuti: “[Iwo] analira mokuwa pamene anali kuzunzika koopsa ndi kulandira chilango chochititsa manyazi ndi chopweteka.”

CHINALOWA M’TIMAGULU TOPATUKA KU CHIYUDA: Katswiri wa mbiri yakale Josephus (yemwe anakhalapo kuyambira mu 37 mpaka cha mu 100 C.E.) ananena kuti Aesene, kagulu kopatuka ku Chiyuda, ankakhulupirira kuti “mizimu siifa, ndipo imakhalapo kwamuyaya.” Ananenanso kuti: “Zikuoneka kuti anatengera maganizo a Agiriki . . . [Agirikiwo] amakhulupirira kuti mizimu ya anthu oipa ili m’maenje akuda ndi oopsa, kumene imalandira zilango zosatha.”

CHINAFIKA M’CHIKHRISTU CHONYENGA: M’zaka za m’ma 100 C.E., buku lomwe ena amalikayikira lotchedwa Apocalypse of Peter linanena za anthu oipa kuti: “Moto wosazima ukuwadikira.” Linanenanso kuti: “Ezrael, mngelo wolipsira, amabweretsa amuna ndi akazi amene theka la matupi awo limakhala lili lawilawi ndi moto ndipo amawaponya m’malo amdima, amene ndi helo wa anthu, ndipo mzimu wolipsira umawalanga.” Panthawi imeneyonso, munthu wina wa ku Antioch wolemba mabuku, dzina lake Theophilus, anagwira mawu a mneneri wamkazi wa ku Girisi dzina lake Sibyl. Mneneriyu analosera zilango zoperekedwa kwa oipa. Anati: “Moto woyaka udzakuvumbirani, ndipo aliyense wa inu adzapsa m’malawi a moto tsiku ndi tsiku.” Mawu amenewa ndi ena mwa mawu amene Theophilus akuti ndi “oona, ofunika, olungama, ndiponso opindulitsa kwa munthu aliyense.”

CHILANGO CHA HELO CHINALIMBIKITSA NKHANZA: Mfumukazi ya ku England dzina lake Mary I (1553-1558), yemwe ankatchedwanso kuti “Mary Wamagazi” chifukwa chotentha Apolotesitanti pafupifupi 300 atawapachika pamtengo, akuti anati: “Popeza kuti mizimu ya anthu opanduka imakawotchedwa kosatha m’moto wa helo, palibe cholakwika ngati ndikuwawotcha adakali padziko pano potengera chilango chimene Mulungu amapereka.”

TANTHAUZO LATSOPANO: Zaka zaposachedwapa, mipingo ina yasintha zimene imaphunzitsa ponena za helo. Mwachitsanzo mu 1995, bungwe la Doctrine Commission of the Church of England linati: “Helo si malo ozunzirako anthu kosatha, koma ndi chilango chomaliza ndi chosasintha cha anthu amene amatsutsa kotheratu Mulungu mwakuti mapeto awo ndi kuzimiririka, osadzapezekanso.”

[Bokosi/​Chithunzi patsamba 7]

KODI “NYANJA YAMOTO” N’CHIYANI?

Lemba la Chivumbulutso 20:10 limanena kuti Mdyerekezi adzaponyedwa “m’nyanja yamoto” ndipo “adzazunzidwa kwamuyaya usana ndi usiku.” (Chipangano Chatsopano Cholembedwa m’Chichewa Chamakono) Ngati Mdyerekezi adzazunzidwe kwamuyaya, ndiye kuti Mulungu adzamusunga wamoyo. Komatu Baibulo limanena kuti Yesu ‘adzawononga Satana.’ (Aheberi 2:14, Chipangano Chatsopano Cholembedwa m’Chichewa Chamakono) Mawu ophiphiritsa akuti nyanja yamoto akuimira “imfa yachiwiri.” (Chivumbulutso 21:8) Imfa imeneyi si imene inabwera chifukwa cha kuchimwa kwa Adamu, yomwe imatchulidwa koyamba m’Baibulo. Imfa yochokera kwa Adamu imeneyi ndi yoti munthu akhoza kudzaukitsidwa. (1 Akorinto 15:21, 22) Popeza Baibulo silinena kuti “nyanja yamoto” idzatulutsa anthu amene alimo, “imfa yachiwiri” imeneyi iyenera kuti ikutanthauza imfa ina, yoti munthu akamwalira sadzaukanso.

Nanga kodi anthu amene ali “m’nyanja yamoto” amazunzidwa bwanji kwamuyaya? Nthawi zina, “kuzunza” kungatanthauze “kutsekera” winawake. Panthawi ina Yesu atakumana ndi ziwanda, ziwandazo zinafuula kuti: “Kodi mwabwera kuno kudzatizunza [kutitsekera mu phompho] nthawi yake isanafike?” (Mateyo 8:29; Luka 8:30, 31; Chipangano Chatsopano Mu Chichewa Cha Lero) Choncho onse amene ali mu “nyanja” “adzazunzidwa” mwanjira yakuti adzatsekeredwa kwamuyaya mu “imfa yachiwiri.”