Kodi Anthu Apezadi Chingalawa cha Nowa?

NKHANI yomwe ili mkamwamkamwa masiku ano ndi yonena za ntchito yofufuza chingalawa cha Nowa. Ndipotu zimenezi n’zosadabwitsa chifukwa Nowa ndi banja lake anapulumukira m’chingalawachi panthawi ya Chigumula chomwe chinachitika mu 2370 B.C.E. mpaka 2369 B.C.E. Motero, ngati anthu atapeza chingalawachi, ingakhale nkhani yochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Komabe ntchito yofufuza chingalawachi ikupitirirabe ngakhale kuti anthu osiyanasiyana akhala akuigwira kwa nthawi yaitali ndiponso ena akhala akunena kuti achipeza. Komano, kodi zoona zake n’zotani?

Baibulo limanena kuti Chigumula chitatha, chingalawa cha Nowa “chinaima pa mapiri a Ararati.” (Genesis 8:4) Dera la Ararat lili ndi mapiri ambiri ndipo phiri lalitali kwambiri m’derali limatchedwanso ndi dzina lakuti Ararat. Phiri limeneli lili kum’mawa kwa dziko la Turkey, pafupi ndi malire a mayiko a Armenia ndi Iran.

Anthu ambiri akhala akupita kuderali kukafufuza chingalawachi ndipo ena amanena kuti achipeza, ngakhale kuti iwo sapereka umboni womveka bwino. Wina mwa umboni womwe amapereka ndi zinthunzi zochititsa chidwi zomwe amajambula ali m’ndege, matabwa okutidwa ndi phula ndiponso ena amanena kuti anaona chingalawacho. Zimenezi zachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azifunafuna umboni womveka bwino. Komabe, ntchito yofufuza umboniwu siyophweka chifukwa dera limene amaganizira kuti kuli chingalawachi lili pamwamba pa phiri la Ararat, lomwe n’lalitali kwambiri mamita 4,600. Komanso, nthawi zambiri ofufuza a kumayiko ena saloledwa kupita kuderali pazifukwa zandale.

Ngakhale zili choncho, anthu ambiri ofufuza chingalawachi, akufunitsitsa kupitabe kuderali. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti mbali zina za chingalawachi zinakwiririka ndi madzi oundana komanso chipale chofewa chomwe chimakuta phiri la Ararat pafupifupi kwa chaka chonse. Anthuwo amati chingalawachi chingadzapezeke kapena kuoneka m’nyengo ya chilimwe.

Chifukwa cha zimene anthu ena analemba, anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti angapeze chingalawachi. Mwachitsanzo, Myuda wina wa m’nthawi ya atumwi, yemwe anali katswiri wa mbiri yakale, dzina lake Josephus, analemba za akatswiri ena akale amene ananena kuti chingalawacho chinkaoneka pamwamba pa mapiri a Ararat. Akatswiriwo ankanenanso kuti anthu ankatenga matabwa a chingalawachi n’kumawasunga kuti azichikumbukira. Ena amwa anthu amene Josephus anawatchula kuti ankanena zimenezi anali Berossus, yemwe anali katswiri wolemba mbiri yakale ku Babulo m’zaka za m’ma 200 B.C.E.

Munthu wina wa ku Armenia, dzina lake George Hagopian anafotokoza nkhani yochititsa chidwi kwambiri yokhudza chingalawachi. Iye ananena kuti panthawi imene anali mnyamata, chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 1900, ankapita ndi amalume ake kukaona chingalawachi ndipo nthawi zina ankakwera pamwamba pake. Hagopian anamwalira mu 1972, koma anthu ambiri amachitabe chidwi ndi zimene iye analemba.

Kodi Chingalawachi Chingathandize Anthu Kukhulupirira Mulungu?

Kodi pali umboni wosonyeza kuti akatswiri ofufuza chingalawachi anachipeza kapena adzachipeza m’tsogolo muno? Mwina, koma n’zokayikitsa kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti Baibulo silitchula malo enieni amene chingalawachi chinakhazikika pamene madzi achigumula anaphwera. Koma limangoti chingalawachi “chinaima pa mapiri a Ararati.”

 Akatswiri ndiponso anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chingalawachi chinakaima pamwamba pa phiri lalitali kwambiri m’dera la Ararat. Komano, Malemba sanena kuti Mulungu anakonza zoti chingalawachi chikaime pamwamba penipeni pa phiri la Ararat, lomwe n’lalitali kwambiri makilomita asanu ndipo pamwamba pake m’pozizira kwambiri. * Kumbukiraninso kuti chingalawacho chitaima, panadutsa miyezi yambiri Nowa ndi banja lake asanatulukemo. (Genesis 8:4, 5) Ndipo n’zokayikitsa kuti iwo pamodzi ndi zinyama zonse atatuluka m’chingalawacho, anatsika phiri lalitali kwambirilo ngati mmene amachitira akatswiri okwera mapiri. Choncho, mogwirizana ndi lemba la Genesis 8:4, 5, zikuoneka kuti chingalawachi chinaima pamalo abwino, osati aatali kwambiri ngati mmene akatswiri a masiku ano amaganizira. Ndipo kaya chingalawacho chinaima pamalo otani m’dera la Ararat, mfundo ndi yakuti n’zokayikitsa kuti masiku ano chingapezeke chifukwa mwina chinaphwasulidwa kapenanso chinaola.

Komanso, zimene ofufuza chingalawachi akhala akunena n’zokayikitsa chifukwa amati ntchito yofufuzayi ndiyofunika kwambiri pankhani zokhudza kulambira Mulungu. Munthu wina yemwe anakhazikitsa gulu lofufuza chingalawachi ananena kuti “chingalawachi chikadzapezeka chidzalimbitsa chikhulupiriro cha anthu ambiri . . . ndiponso anthu ochuluka adzayamba kukhulupira Mulungu.” Pamsonkhano wa atolankhani umene munthuyo anachititsa mu 2004, anafotokoza kuti chingalawacho chikadzapezeka, “idzakhala nkhani yochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuposa nkhani zonse zimene zakhala zikuchitika kuchokera pamene Yesu anaukitsidwa.” Koma kenako ntchito yofufuzayi inaimitsidwa.

Kodi n’zoona kuti chingalawachi chikadzapezeka chingathandize anthu kuyamba kukhulupirira Mulungu? Baibulo limasonyeza kuti munthu akhale ndi chikhulupiriro chenicheni sizidalira kuti aone kapena agwire chinthu chinachake. (2 Akorinto 5:7) Anthu ena amati sangakhulupirire nkhani zina m’Baibulo chifukwa choti sanaone zinthuzo zikuchitika. Koma zoona zake n’zakuti ngakhale anthuwa atapeza umboni wochuluka chotani, sangakhulupirirebe. Ndipotu Yesu ananena kuti anthu ena sangakhulupirire choonadi cha m’Baibulo ngakhale ataona munthu amene anamwalira ataukitsidwa.​—Luka 16:31.

Komabe, munthu amene ali ndi chikhulupiriro chenicheni samangokhulupirira zilizonse. (Aheberi 11:1) Kodi pali umboni uliwonse umene ungathandize anthu omwe ali ndi maganizo abwino masiku ano, kuti azikhulupirira nkhani ya m’Baibulo yonena za Chigumula? Inde, ulipodi. Yesu Khristu ananena momveka bwino kuti: “Nowa analowa mu chombo, ndipo chigumula chinafika.” (Luka 17:26, 27) Umenewutu ndi umboni womveka bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chiyani tikutero?

Yesu anali kumwamba asanabwere padziko lapansi. (Yohane 8:58) Iye anaona chingalawacho chikumangidwa ndiponso Chigumula chikuchitika. Kodi pamenepa inuyo mukuona kuti umboni womveka ndi uti? Kodi mungasankhe kukhulupirira umboni wodalirika wa Mwana wa Mulungu, yemwe anaonadi zinthuzo zikuchitika? Kapena mungasankhe kukhulupirira umboni wosamveka bwino womwe anthu ofufuza chingalawachi amapereka akapeza matabwa paphiri lokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa? Kudzifunsa mafunso amenewa kungakuthandizeni kuti musamakayikire ngakhale pang’ono zoti chingalawa cha Nowa chinalipodi.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 13]

Kodi pali umboni womveka bwino wotsimikizira nkhani ya m’Baibulo yonena za Chigumula?

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 14]

Yesu Khristu ananena momveka bwino kuti: “Nowa analowa mu chombo, ndipo chigumula chinafika”