Kodi Mukudziwa?

Kodi mayina odindidwa pa zomatira zadongo zakale, amafanana ndi mayina amene amatchulidwa m’Baibulo?

▪ Kale kwambiri, anthu amene ankasunga zikalata zofunikira kwambiri ankazikulunga n’kuzimanga ndi chingwe kenako n’kumata pomwe amangapo ndi dongo lonyowa n’kudindapo chidindo. Iwo ankadinda chizindikiro padongolo akafuna kusaina, kupereka umboni komanso pofuna kutsimikizira kuti zikalatazo si zachinyengo.

Nthawi zina zidindo zinkakhala pa mphete zodindira ndipo mphetezi zinkaonedwa kuti ndi zamtengo wapatali. (Genesis 38:18; Esitere 8:8; Yeremiya 32:44) Kawirikawiri, chidindo chinkakhala ndi dzina la mwiniwake wa chidindocho, udindo wake komanso dzina la bambo ake.

Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale apeza zidindo zambirimbiri zakale zotchedwa bullae. Zina mwa zidindo zimenezi zili ndi mayina omwenso amatchulidwa m’Baibulo. Mwachitsanzo, akatswiriwa anapeza zidindo zimene akukhulupirira kuti zinadindidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zodindira za mafumu awiri a ku Yudeya. Chidindo choyamba chinali ndi mawu akuti: “Cha Ahazi [mwana wa] Yehotamu [Yotamu], Mfumu wa Yuda.” China chinali ndi mawu akuti: “Cha Hezekiya [mwana wa] Ahazi, Mfumu wa Yuda.” (2 Mafumu 16:1, 20) Ahazi ndi Hezekiya analamulira cha m’ma 700 B.C.E.

Akatswiri a zinthu zakale anapeza zidindo zina za bullae zimene akukhulupirira kuti anazidinda pogwiritsa ntchito zodindira za anthu ena amene amatchulidwa m’Baibulo. Ena mwa anthu amenewa anatchulidwa m’buku la m’Baibulo limene Yeremiya analemba. Anthu amenewa ndi Baruki (mlembi wa Yeremiya), Gemariya (“mwana wa Safani”), Yerameeli (“mwana wa mfumu”), Yukali (“mwana wa Selemiya”) komanso Seraya (m’bale wake wa Baruki).​—Yeremiya 32:12; 36:4, 10, 26; 38:1; 51:59.

Kodi nthawi ankaitchula bwanji m’Baibulo?

▪ M’Malemba Achiheberi muli mawu otchula nthawi monga akuti “m’mawa,” “masana,” ndi “chakumadzulo.” (Genesis 24:11; Deuteronomo 28:29; 1 Mafumu 18:26) Ayuda ankagawa usiku m’zigawo kapena kuti maulonda atatu, uliwonse wokhala ndi maola anayi. Koma kenako anatengera kawerengedwe ka Agiriki ndi Aroma omwe ankagawa usiku m’zigawo zinayi. Yesu anagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi yowerengetsera nthawi pamene anati: “Choncho khalani maso, pakuti simukudziwa nthawi yobwera mwininyumba. Simukudziwa ngati adzabwere madzulo, pakati pa usiku, atambala akulira, kapena m’mawa.” (Maliko 13:35) Chigawo choyamba, chomwe ndi “madzulo,” chinkayamba dzuwa likangolowa ndipo chinkatha 9 koloko madzulo. Chigawo chachiwiri chinkayamba 9 koloko madzulo mpaka 12 koloko usiku ndipo chigawo chachitatu, chimene Yesu anachitchula kuti “atambala akulira,” chinkayamba 12 koloko usiku mpaka cha m’ma 3 koloko m’mawa. Chigawo chomaliza chinkayamba 3 koloko m’mawa mpaka kutuluka kwa dzuwa. Nthawi ya “ulonda wachinayi,” kapena kuti “mbandakucha” imeneyi, ndi imene Yesu anayenda pamwamba pa madzi panyanja ya Galileya.​—Mateyu 14:​23-26.

M’Malemba Achigiriki, mawu akuti “ola” amatanthauza chigawo chimodzi cha maola 12 oyambira pamene dzuwa latuluka kufikira pamene lalowa. (Yohane 11:9) Popeza kuti ku Isiraeli nthawi yotuluka ndi kulowa dzuwa imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo imene ali, anthu ponena nthawi sankatchula nthawi yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo, ankangonena kuti “cha m’ma 12 koloko masana.”​—Machitidwe 10:9.

[Chithunzi patsamba 15]

Zomatira Zadongo Zokhala ndi Dzina la Hezekiya ndi Ahazi (Kutsogolo) Mwinanso Dzina la Baruki (Kumbuyo)

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Kumbuyo: Courtesy of Israel Museum, Jerusalem

Kutsogolo: www.BibleLandPictures .com /​ Alamy

[Chithunzi patsamba 15]

Chipangizo Choyezera Nthawi Poona Mmene Dzuwa Likuyendera cha mu Ufumu Wa Aroma (27 B.C.E.–476 C.E.)

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

© Gerard Degeorge/​ The Bridgeman Art Library International