Kodi Mukudziwa?

Kodi miyala yamtengo wapatali imene inkaikidwa pachovala pachifuwa cha mkulu wa ansembe ku Isiraeli ankaitenga kuti?

▪ Aisiraeli ali m’chipululu atachoka ku Iguputo, Mulungu anawalamula kuti apange chovala pachifuwa cha mkulu wa ansembe. (Ekisodo 28:​15-21) Chovala pachifuwacho chinali ndi miyala ya rube, topazi, emarodi, nofeki, safiro, yasipi, lesemu, sibu, ametusito, kulusitalo, onekisi ndi yade. * Kodi zinali zotheka kuti Aisiraeli apeze miyala yamtengo wapataliyi?

Kale anthu ankachita chidwi ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali ndipo ankaigwiritsa ntchito pa malonda. Mwachitsanzo, kale anthu a ku Iguputo ankapeza miyala yamtengo wapatali kuchokera kumadera akutali monga kumene masiku ano kumatchedwa ku Iran, Afghanistan, ndiponso ku India. M’dziko la Iguputo munkapezekanso miyala yosiyanasiyana yamtengo wapatali. Mafumu a ku Iguputo ankayang’anira miyala yonse imene inkapezeka m’zigawo zonse zimene ankalamulira. Yobu anafotokoza zinthu zosonyeza kuti anthu a m’nthawi yake ankakumba migodi ndi ngalande pofufuza miyala yamtengo wapatali. Panali miyala yosiyanasiyana imene inkakumbidwa, koma Yobu anangotchula miyala ya safiro ndi topazi.​—Yobu 28:1-11, 19.

Nkhani imene ili m’buku la Ekisodo imanena kuti Aisiraeli “anatenga zinthu zambiri za Aiguputo” pamene ankachoka m’dzikolo. (Ekisodo 12:35, 36) Choncho n’kutheka kuti miyala imene Aisiraeli ankaika pachovala pachifuwa cha mkulu wa ansembe anaitenga ku Iguputo.

Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani anthu akale ankagwiritsa ntchito vinyo ngati mankhwala?

▪ M’fanizo lake lina, Yesu anafotokoza za munthu wina yemwe anavulazidwa ndi achifwamba. Iye ananena kuti munthuyu anathandizidwa ndi Msamariya wina amene anam’manga mabalawo n’kuthiramo “mafuta ndi vinyo.” (Luka 10:30-34) Komanso pamene Paulo ankalembera kalata Timoteyo, yemwe anali mnzake, anamulangiza kuti: “Usamangomwa madzi okha, koma uzimwanso vinyo pang’ono, chifukwa cha vuto lako la m’mimba ndi kudwaladwala kwako kuja.” (1 Timoteyo 5:23) Malinga ndi zimene Yesu komanso Paulo ananenazi, kodi n’zoona kuti vinyo ndi mankhwala?

Buku lina linafotokoza kuti vinyo ndi “ mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa ululu, opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso othandiza pa matenda osiyanasiyana.” (Ancient Wine) Kale anthu a ku Iguputo, Mesopotamiya, ndi Siriya ankagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri vinyo ngati mankhwala. Buku linanso linafotokoza kuti, “pa mankhwala onse amene analembedwa m’mabuku kuti anthu akale ankagwiritsa ntchito, vinyo ndiye mankhwala akale kwambiri kuposa mankhwala onse.” (The Oxford Companion to Wine) Pa nkhani ya malangizo amene Paulo anauza Timoteyo aja, buku lina linati: “Anthu ena atachita kafukufuku, apeza kuti tizilombo tosiyanasiyana toopsa timene timayambitsa matenda m’thupi la munthu timafa mwamsanga akatiika mu vinyo.” (The Origins and Ancient History of Wine) Kafukufuku amene akatswiri azachipatala achita posachedwapa anatsimikizira kuti zinthu zimene zimapezeka mu vinyo zimathandiza kuchepetsa ululu, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso zimathandiza thupi la munthu m’njira zina zambiri.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi patsamba 26]

Chithunzi cha Alimi akuponda mphesa chojambulidwa pamanda a Nakht, Mumzinda wa Thebes, ku Egypt

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Gianni Dagli Orti/The Art Archive at Art Resource, NY