1. Kodi banja la Yakobo mungalifotokoze bwanji?

YAKOBO, m’bale wake wa Yesu, anakulila m’banja lolimba mwauzimu. Makolo ake, Yosefe na Mariya, anali kum’konda kwambili Yehova, ndipo anacita zotheka kuti am’tumikile. Yakobo analinso na mwayi wina—mkulu wake anali kudzakhala Mesiya wolonjezedwa. Linali dalitso lalikulu kwa Yakobo kukhala m’banja limeneli!

2. Kodi Yakobo anali na zifukwa ziti zotengela mkulu wake?

² Yakobo anali na zifukwa zambili zotengela mkulu wake. (Mat. 13:55) Mwacitsanzo, Yesu anali kuwadziŵa bwino malemba moti ali na zaka 12, anadabwitsa aphunzitsi ku Yerusalemu. (Luka 2:46, 47) N’kutheka kuti Yakobo anali kuseŵenza na Yesu pa nchito ya ukalipentala. Ngati zinalidi conco, ndiye kuti iye anafika pom’dziŵa bwino kwambili m’bale wake. M’bale Nathan H. Knorr anali kukonda kukamba kuti: “Umaphunzila zambili zokhudza munthu ukamaseŵenza naye.” * Yakobo ayenelanso anaona kuti “Yesu anali kukulabe m’nzelu ndi mu msinkhu. [Komanso kuti] Mulungu ndi anthu anapitiliza kukondwela naye.” (Luka 2:52) Conco, mwina tingaganize kuti Yakobo anali mmodzi wa ophunzila oyambilila a Yesu. Koma si mmene zinalili.

3. Kodi zinali bwanji kwa Yakobo Yesu atayamba utumiki wake?

³ Nthawi imene Yesu anali kucita utumiki wake padziko lapansi, Yakobo sanali mmodzi wa ophunzila ake. (Yoh. 7:3-5) Iye ayenela kuti anali mmodzi wa acibale amene anati Yesu “wacita misala.” (Maliko 3:21) Ndipo palibe umboni woonetsa  kuti Yakobo anali pamodzi na Mariya amayi ake, pamene Yesu anali kufa pa mtengo wozunzikilapo.—Yoh. 19:25-27.

4. Tikambilane maphunzilo otani?

⁴ Patapita nthawi, Yakobo anaika cikhulupililo cake mwa Yesu, ndipo anakhala mkulu wolemekeza mu mpingo wacikhristu. M’nkhani ino, tikambilane maphunzilo aŵili amene titengapo kwa Yakobo: (1) cifukwa cake tiyenela kukhalabe odzicepetsa, komanso (2) mmene tingakhalile aphunzitsi ogwila mtima.

5. Kodi Yakobo anacita ciani Yesu woukitsidwa ataonekela kwa iye?

⁵ Kodi Yakobo anakhala liti wotsatila wa Yesu wokhulupilika? Yesu ataukitsidwa, “anaonekela kwa Yakobo, kenakonso kwa atumwi onse.” (1 Akor. 15:7) Ataonana na Yesu, m’pamene Yakobo anasinthila umoyo wake. Iye analipo pamene atumwi anali kuyembekezela kulandila mzimu woyela m’cipinda cam’mwamba ku Yerusalemu. (Mac. 1:13, 14) Patapita nthawi, Yakobo anayamba kutumikila m’bungwe lolamulila la m’zaka za zana loyamba. (Mac. 15:6, 13-22; Agal. 2:9) Ndipo cisanafike caka ca 62 C.E., iye anauzilidwa kulemba kalata kwa Akhristu odzozedwa. Kalatayo imatipindulila nafenso masiku ano, kaya ciyembekezo cathu n’cakumwamba kapena padziko lapansi. (Yak. 1:1) Malinga n’zimene wolemba mbili yakale, dzina lake Josephus anakamba, Yakobo anaphedwa mocita kulamulidwa na Mkulu wa Ansembe dzina lake Hananiya. Yakobo anakhalabe wokhulupilika kwa Yehova mpaka mapeto a moyo wake padziko lapansi.

6. Kodi Yakobo anali kusiyana bwanji na atsogoleli acipembedzo a m’nthawi yake?

⁶Yakobo anali wodzicepetsa. N’cifukwa ciani takamba conco? Tikutelo cifukwa pamapeto pake, Yakobo anakhala wophunzila wa Yesu mosiyana na atsogoleli ambili acipembedzo. Iye ataona umboni wosatsutsika wakuti Yesu alidi Mwana wa Mulungu, modzicepetsa anakhulupilila zimenezo. Koma ansembe aakulu ku Yerusalemu sanacite zimenezi. Mwacitsanzo, iwo sanakane kuti Yesu anaukitsa Lazaro. M’malo mokhulupilila kuti iye anali kuimilako Mulungu, iwo anafunitsitsa kupha onse aŵili, Yesu komanso Lazaro. (Yoh. 11:53; 12:9-11) Patapita nthawi Yesu iye mwini ataukitsidwa, iwo anayesa kubisa kwa anthu za kuuka kwake. (Mat. 28:11-15) Kunyada kwa atsogoleli acipembedzo amenewo kunawapangitsa kukana Mesiya.

7. Cifukwa ciani tiyenela kupewa kunyada?

 ⁷Zimene tiphunzilapo: Tipewe kunyada, ndipo tizikhala ophunzitsika. Monga mmene matenda angalimbitsile mitsempha ya ku mtima wathu na kuulepheletsa kugunda bwino, kunyada nakonso kungalimbitse mtima wathu wophiphilitsa, na kutilepheletsa kumvela malangizo a Yehova. Afarisi anaumitsa mitima yawo moti anakana kuona umboni wosatsutsika wovumbulidwa na mzimu woyela wa Mulungu. (Yoh. 12:37-40) Iyi ni khalidwe loipa kwambili cifukwa linawatsekela mwayi wokalandila moyo wosatha. (Mat. 23:13, 33) Conco, n’kofunika kwambili kupitiliza kulola Mawu a Mulungu na mzimu wake kuumba umunthu wathu, komanso kusonkhezela maganizo athu na zocita zathu. (Yak. 3:17) Cifukwa Yakobo anali wodzicepetsa, analola Yehova kuti amuphunzitse. Ndipo monga tionele, kudzicepetsa kwake kunam’thandiza kukhala mphunzitsi waluso.

8. N’ciani cingatithandize kukhala aphunzitsi abwino?

⁸ Yakoko sanafike nawo patali maphunzilo akuthupi. Mosakayikila, atsogoleli acipembedzo a m’nthawi yake anamuona monga anaonela mtumwi Petulo na mtumwi Yohane, kuti anali ‘wosaphunzila ndiponso munthu wamba.’ (Mac. 4:13) Koma Yakobo anakhala mphunzitsi wogwila mtima. Izi zimaonekela bwino tikamaŵelenga buku lochedwa na dzina lake. Monga Yakobo, mwina sitinafike nawo patali maphunzilo akuthupi. Ngakhale n’telo, mothandizidwa na mzimu woyela wa Yehova, komanso maphunzilo amene timalandila m’gulu lake, nafenso tingakhale aphunzitsi abwino. Tiyeni tikambilane citsanzo cimene Yakobo anapeleka pokhala mphunzitsi, na kuona zimene tingaphunzile kwa iye.

9. Kodi mungafotokoze bwanji mmene Yakobo anali kuphunzitsila?

⁹Yakobo sanali kuseŵenzetsa mawu ovuta, kapena kufotokoza zinthu mocolowana. Izi zinathandiza omvela ake kudziŵa zoyenela kucita, komanso mmene angazicitile. Mwacitsanzo, onani mmene Yakobo anaphunzitsila mosavuta zakuti Akhristu ayenela kupilila zopanda cilungamo popanda kukhumudwa. Iye anati: “Anthu amene anapilila timawacha  odala. Munamva za kupilila kwa Yobu ndipo mwaona zimene Yehova anamupatsa, mwaona kuti Yehova ndi wacikondi cacikulu ndi wacifundo.” (Yak. 5:11) Onani kuti zimene Yakobo anaphunzitsa zinazikidwa pa Malemba. Iye anaseŵenzetsa Mawu a Mulungu pothandiza omvela ake kuona kuti Yehova nthawi zonse amafupa awo amene mofanana na Yobu, ni okhulupilika kwa iye. Yakobo anaphunzitsa mfundo imeneyi na mawu osavuta kumva. Mwakutelo, anthu anatamanda Yehova osati iye.

10. Tikamaphunzitsa anthu, kodi tingatengele bwanji citsanzo ca Yakobo?

¹⁰Zimene tiphunzilapo: Uthenga wanu uzikhala wosavuta kumva, ndipo phunzitsani kucokela m’Mawu a Mulungu. Colinga cathu si kufuna kuonetsa ena kuculuka kwa zimene tidziŵa, koma ni kuwathandiza kuona kuculuka kwa nzelu za Yehova, komanso kuti amasamala kwambili za ife. (Aroma 11:33) Tingakwanilitse colingaci ngati nthawi zonse zokamba zathu zimazikidwa pa Malemba. Mwacitsanzo, m’malo mouza maphunzilo athu a Baibo zimene ife tikanacita tikanakhala iwo, tiziwathandiza kuganizila zitsanzo za m’Baibo kuti amvetse mmene Yehova amaonela zinthu. Tikatelo, iwo adzakhala ofunitsitsa kukondweletsa Yehova osati ife.

11. Kodi Akhristu ena anali na mavuto otani m’nthawi ya Yakobo? Nanga iye anawapatsa uphungu wotani? (Yakobo 5:13-15)

¹¹Yakobo anali kukamba mosapita m’mbali. Mkalata yake, n’zoonekelatu kuti Yakobo anali kudziŵa mavuto amene Akhristu anzake anali kupitamo, ndipo anawapatsa malangizo omveka bwino owathandiza kuthetsa mavutowo. Mwacitsanzo, Akhristu ena anali kucedwa kumvela uphungu. (Yak. 1:22) Ena anali kukondela anthu olemela. (Yak. 2:1-3) Ndipo enanso cinali kuwavuta kulamulila lilime lawo. (Yak. 3:8-10) Akhristu amenewo anali na mavuto aakulu, koma Yakobo sanatope nawo. Iye anapeleka uphungu mokoma mtima koma mosapita m’mbali, ndipo analimbikitsa odwala mwauzimu kupempha thandizo kwa akulu.—Ŵelengani Yakobo 5:13-15.

12. N’cifukwa ciani tiyenela kukhalabe na maganizo oyenela pothandiza maphunzilo athu?

¹²Zimene tiphunzilapo: Athandizeni mosapita m’mbali, koma muziwaonabe moyenelela. Ambili amene timaphunzila nawo Baibo angamavutike kucita zimene amaphunzila. (Yak. 4:1-4) Pangatenge nthawi kuti azule makhalidwe oipa, na kukulitsa makhalidwe acikhristu. Potengela citsanzo ca Yakobo, tiyenela kulimba mtima kuti tiwauze mbali zimene ayenela kuwongolela. Tiyenelanso kukhalabe na maganizo oyenela pa iwo, pokhulupilila kuti Yehova adzakokela anthu odzicepetsa kwa iye, na kuwathandiza kusintha umoyo wawo.—Yak. 4:10.

13. Malinga na Yakobo 3:2, kodi Yakobo anazindikila ciani?

¹³Yakobo anali kudziona moyenela. Iye sanadzione kukhala wofunika kwambili, kapena woposa Akhristu anzake cifukwa cokhala m’bale wake wa Yesu, kapena cifukwa ca mautumiki ake. Iye anacha alambili anzake kuti “abale anga okondedwa.” (Yak. 1:16, 19; 2:5) Yakobo sanapangitse ena kuona kuti ndiye amacita bwino koposa. M’malo mwake, iye anadziloŵetsamo pokamba kuti: “Tonsefe timapunthwa nthawi zambili.”—Ŵelengani Yakobo 3:2.

14. N’cifukwa ciani tiyenela kuvomeleza zophophonya zathu?

¹⁴Zimene tiphunzilapo: Tizikumbukila kuti tonsefe ndife ocimwa. Sitiyenela kudziona kuti timaposa anthu amene timaphunzila  nawo Baibo. Cifukwa ciani? Ngati tipangitsa wophunzila wathu kuona kuti sitilakwitsa zinthu, iye angamaganize kuti sangakwanitse kutsatila zimene Mulungu amafuna. Koma tikavomeleza moona mtima kuti nafenso cimativuta nthawi zina kutsatila mfundo za m’Malemba, komanso tikamufotokozela mmene Yehova watithandizila kusintha umoyo wathu, tidzathandiza wophunzilayo kuona kuti nayenso angakwanitse kutumikila Yehova.

15. Kodi mungawafotokoze bwanji mafanizo amene Yakobo anaseŵenzetsa? (Yakobo 3:2-6, 10-12)

¹⁵Yakobo anaseŵenzetsa mafanizo ogwila mtima. Mosakayikila, mzimu woyela unam’thandiza kucita zimenezo. Koma ayenelanso kuti anaphunzila zambili pa nkhani yophunzitsa, mwa kuphunzila mafanizo amene mkulu wake Yesu anaseŵenzetsa. Mafanizo amene Yakobo anaseŵenzetsa mkalata yake ni osavuta kumva, ndipo uthenga wake ni womveka bwino.—Ŵelengani Yakobo 3:2-6, 10-12.

16. N’cifukwa ciani tiyenela kuseŵenzetsa mafanizo ogwila mtima?

¹⁶Zimene tiphunzilapo: Muziseŵenzetsa mafanizo ogwila mtima. Mukamaseŵenzetsa mafanizo oyenelela, mumathandiza anthu kuona m’maganizo mwawo zimene mukuwaphunzitsa. Izi zidzathandiza omvela anu kukumbukila mfundo zazikulu za coonadi. Yesu anali katswili poseŵenzetsa mafanizo ogwila mtima, ndipo m’bale wake Yakobo anatengela citsanzo cake. Tiyeni tioneko fanizo limodzi la Yakobo, komanso cifukwa cake n’logwila mtima.

17. N’cifukwa ciani fanizo la pa Yakobo 1:22-25, n’logwila mtima?

¹⁷ Ŵelengani Yakobo 1:22-25. Fanizo la Yakobo la galasi n’logwila mtima pa zifukwa zingapo. Iye anali kuphunzitsa mfundo yakuti, kuti tipindule na Mawu a Mulungu, sitiyenela kungowaŵelenga cabe, koma kucita zimene taŵelengazo. Yakobo anasankha fanizo limene omvela ake akanalimvetsa mosavuta—munthu akuyang’ana pa galasi. Kodi anali kuphunzitsa mfundo yotani? Kungakhale kupanda nzelu munthu kuyang’ana pa galasi, n’kuona zolakwika pa thupi lake zimene ayenela kukonza, koma osacitapo kanthu. Mofananamo, kungakhale kupanda nzelu tikaŵelenga Mawu a Mulungu, n’kuona mbali yofunika kuwongolela yokhudza umunthu wathu, koma osacitapo kanthu.

18. Ni zinthu zitatu ziti zimene tiyenela kucita poseŵenzetsa mafanizo?

 ¹⁸ Poseŵenzetsa mafanizo, mungatengele citsanzo ca Yakobo mwa kucita zinthu zitatu izi: (1) Onetsetsani kuti fanizolo ligwilizana na mfundo imene mukuphunzitsa. (2) Gwilitsilani nchito fanizo limene omvela anu angalimve mosavuta. (3) Mveketsani mfundo ya fanizolo mosavuta. Ngati cimakuvutani kupeza mafanizo oyenelela, fufuzani m’buku la Cizungu lakuti, Watch Tower Publications Index. Pa kamutu kakuti, “Illustrations,” mudzapeza zitsanzo zambili zimene mungaseŵenzetse. Koma kumbukilani kuti mafanizo ali monga maikolofoni. Amamveketsa bwino mfundo imene mukufotokoza. Motelo, onetsetsani kuti mukuseŵenzetsa fanizo pa mfundo zazikulu zokhazo zimene mufuna kuphunzitsa. Cifukwa cacikulu cokulitsila luso lathu la kuphunzitsa, ni kufuna kuthandiza anthu mmene tingathele kukhala m’banja lacimwemwe la Yehova, osati kudzipezela ulemelelo ayi.

19. Kodi timaonetsa bwanji kuti timakonda banja lathu lauzimu?

¹⁹ Ife tinalibe mwayi wokhala na mkulu wathu wangwilo m’banja mwathu monga zinali kwa Yakobo. Koma tili na mwayi wotumikila Yehova pamodzi na banja lalikulu lauzimu la abale na alongo. Timaonetsa kuti timawakonda mwa kuceza nawo, kuphunzila kwa iwo, komanso kugwila nawo pamodzi nchito yolalikila na kuphunzitsa. Tikamayesetsa kutengela citsanzo ca Yakobo m’zocita zathu komanso kaphunzitsidwe kathu, timalemekeza Yehova, na kuthandiza anthu oona mtima kuyandikila Atate wathu wacikondi wakumwamba.