1, 2. Kodi nsiku zino wanthu wankugumana na mabvuto yaponi, ndipo bzimwebzi bzimbacitisa wanthu azinji kubvunza mibvunzo iponi?

PAMBUYO pa kumenyana kwa mphanvu mu dziko linango pa nkhondo, bzulu na bzulu bza akazi na wana adaphedwa ndipo wense adaikhidwa mu dindi libodzi licizunguliridwa na tumitanda. Pa kamtanda kali-kense pakhadanembedwa mafala yakuti: “Thangwe ranyi?” Nthawe zinango mbvunzo umweyu umbakhala wakunesa kwene-kwene kuposa mibvunzo yense. Wanthu ambacita mbvunzoyu akagumana na nkhondo, matsoka yacirengedwe, matenda, ayai ciwembo comwe cimbacosa moyo wa anyakufunidwa wawo, akambaluza nyumba zawo, ayai mabvuto yomwe yambabwera mu njira zakusiyana-siyana. Wanthuwa ambafuna kudziwa thangwe ranyi ambagumana na matsoka yenseya.

² Thangwe ranyi Mulungu ambalekerera kuti timbabonere? Penu Yahova Mulungu ngwamphanvu zense, wa lufoyi, wa nzeru, na wacirungamo, thangwe ranyi dzikoli ladzala na ciwengo na kusaya cirungamo? Kodi imwepo mudabzibvunzambo kale mibvunzo ningati imweyi?

3, 4. (a) N’ciyani cinkulatiza kuti n’kuphonyeka lini kubvunza thangwe race Mulungu ambalekerera kuti wanthu ambabonere? (b) Kodi Yahova ambabva tani akambawona kuipa na kubonera?

³ Kodi n’kuphonyeka kubvunza kuti ni thangwe ranyi Mulungu ambalekerera kuti timbabonere? Winango ambagopa kucita  mbvunzoyu thangwe rakuti angawoneke ninga alibe cikhulupiro ayai kuti ambanyozera Mulungu. Tikawerenga Bibliya, tin’dzawona kuti wanthu wakukhulupirika omwe akhagopa Mulungu adacitambo mibvunzo ninga imweyi. Mwa ciratizo, mpolofeta Habakuki adabvunza Yahova kuti: ‘Thangwe ranyi mun’kundiwonesa bzinthu bzakuipa? Ndipo thangwe ranyi mumbalekerera matsoka? Thangwe ranyi pana kuipa na ciwembo pamaso pangu ndipo thangwe ranyi pana kupolowa na kumenyana?’​—Habakuki 1:3.

⁴ Kodi Yahova adatsimula mpolofeta wakukhulupirika Habakuki thangwe ra mibvunzoyi? Ne. M’mbuto mwace, Mulungu adacitisa kuti mafala yakucokera pansi pa mtima ya Habakuki yanembedwe mu fala lace lakufuliziridwa Bibliya. Mulungu adamuthandiza kubvesesa bwino nkhaniyo ndipo adakhala na cikhulupiro camphanvu. Yahova akufuna bzibodzi-bodzi kuna ifepano. Kumbukirani kuti Bibliya limbapfunzisa kuti ‘iye ambakusamalirani.’ (1 Pedru 5:7) Kuposa munthu ali-wense, Mulungu ambawenga kuipa na kubonera kwa wanthu. (Zaiya 55:8, 9) Tsono, thangwe ranyi pansi pano wanthu ankubonera kwene-kwene?

5. Kodi ni mathangwe yaponi yomwe nthawe zinango yambafotokozedwa pakulewa bza kubonera kwa wanthu, koma kodi Bibliya limbapfunzisa ciyani?

⁵ Wanthu wa bzipembedzo bzakusiyana-siyana ambayenda  kwa atsogoleri wa bzipembedzo na apfunzisi acikawabvunza thangwe race iwo ambabonera kwene-kwene. Nthawe zizinji mtawiro umbakhala wakuti n’kufuna kwa Mulungu kuti wanthu ambabonere ndipo iye adakonzeratu kale bzinthu bzomwe bzin’dzaticitikira kuphatanidza na bzinthu bzakuipa. Azinji ambauzidwa kuti njira za Mulungu n’zakusaya kubveseseka ayai iye ndiye omwe ambacitisa kuti wanthu ambafe, napo wana ang’ono ambawatenga kuti akakhale naye kudzulu. Ninga momwe mudapfunzirira, Yahova Mulungu ndiye lini omwe ambacitisa bzinthu bzakuipa. Bibliya limbati: ‘Mulungu wacadidi angacite lini bzakuipa na pang’onopo, ndipo Wamphanvu zense angacite lini bzinthu bzakusaya kulungama!’​—Djobi 34:10.

6. Thangwe ranyi wanthu azinji ambapasa mulandu Mulungu pa mabvuto yomwe yambacitika pa dziko?

⁶ Kodi imwepo mukudziwa thangwe ranyi wanthu ambapasa mulandu Mulungu pa mabvuto yense yomwe yambacitika pa dziko? Nthawe zizinji, wanthu ambapasa mulandu Mulungu wamphanvu zense thangwe iwo ambakumbuka kuti iye ndiye mtongi wa dzikoli. Iwo ambadziwa lini nfundo yakusaya kunesa kubva yakufunika kwene-kwene yomwe Bibliya limbapfunzisa. Nfundo imweyo mudaipfunza mu Msolo 3 m’bukhu lino. Nfundo yace njakuti Sathani Dyabu ndiye ankutongadi dzikoli.

7, 8. (a) Kodi dzikoli limbalatiza tani makhalidwe ya mtongi wace? (b) Thangwe ranyi kuperewera kwa wanthu na ‘bzinthu bzakusaya kudikhirika’ bzacitisa kuti wanthu ambabonere?

⁷ Bibliya limbalewa mwakubveka bwino kuti: ‘Dziko lense liri m’manja mwa nyakuipayo.’ (1 Juwau 5:19) Mukambakumbukira bzimwebzi, kodi munkuwonambo lini kuti ni nfundo yakubveka? Dzikoli limbalatiza makhalidwe ya cakulengedwa cauzimu cakusaya kuwoneka cimweci comwe ‘cinkusoceresa wanthu pa dziko lense la pansi.’ (Cibvumbulutso 12:9) Sathani ngwaciwengo, wacinyengo, na wa ciwembo. Na tenepo, dzikoli ladzala na ciwengo , cinyengo, na ciwembo. Limweri ni thangwe libodzi lomwe linkucitisa wanthu kubonera kwene-kwene.

⁸ Thangwe laciwiri lomwe limbacitisa wanthu kubonera kwene-kwene ndakuti, ninga momwe tidawonera mu Msolo 3, wanthu mbakuperewera thangwe ra pikado kuyambira pomwe adapanduka mu zunde la Edeni. Wanthu wa pikado ambafuna kulimbirana utongi, ndipo bzimwebzi bzimbabweresa nkhondo,  kupundizana, na kuboneresana. (Mpalizi 4:1; 8:9) Thangwe lacitatu lomwe limbacitisa kuti timbabonere ndakuti ‘nthawe ya matsoka na bzinthu bzakusaya kudikhirika bzimbagwera wanthu wense.’ (Werengani Mpalizi 9:11.) Mu dziko lakusaya Yahova ninga Mtongi wakutikhotcerera, wanthufe tingabonere thangwe ra kukhala pa mbuto na nthawe yakuphonyeka.

9. Thangwe ranyi tingakhale wakutsimikiza kuti Yahova ana mathangwe yakubveka bwino yakupitiriza kulekerera kuti wanthu abonere?

⁹ Mpsakutitsangalaza kudziwa kuti Mulungu ndiye lini omwe ambacitisa wanthu kubonera. Iye ndiye lini omwe ambacitisa nkhondo, ciwembo, kupundizana, napo matsoka yacirengedwe yomwe yambacitisa wanthu kubonera. Tsono, comwe tin’funikira kudziwa n’cakuti: Thangwe ranyi Yahova ambalekerera kubonera kwenseku? Penu iye ngwamphanvu zense, iye ana mphanvu yakumalisa bzimwebzi. Tsono thangwe ranyi iye ankumalisa lini kubonera? Mulungu walufoyi omwe timbamudziwayu, iye ana mathangwe yakubveka bwino yakucitira bzimwebzi.​—1 Juwau 4:8.

10. Kodi Sathani adanyosa nkhani ikulu iponi, ndipo adacita tani bzimwebzi?

¹⁰ Kuti tidziwe thangwe race Mulungu ambalekerera kubonera, tin’funika kukumbukira bzomwe bzidacitika pa nthawe yomwe kubonera kudayamba. Pomwe Sathani adacitisa Adamu na Eva kuleka kubvera Yahova, padanyosa mbvunzo ukulu kwene-kwene. Sathani alibe kutsutsa mphanvu za Yahova. Sathani akhadziwa kuti Yahova ana mphanvu zakusaya malire. M’mbuto mwace, Sathani adatsutsa kuti Yahova ndiye lini an’themera kutonga. Mwa kumulewa Mulungu kuti ngwakunama, ndipo ambalamba kupasa nzika zace bzinthu bzabwino, Sathani akhapasa Yahova mulandu wakuti iye ni mtongi wakuipa. (Werengani Ciyambo 3:2-5.) Sathani akhapereka nzeru yakuti bzingadawafambira bwino akasaya kutongedwa na Mulungu. Kumweku kukhali kutsutsa utongi bwa Yahova, na ugo bwace bwakutonga.

11. Thangwe ranyi Yahova alibe kupheratu anyakupandukawo nthawe imweyo mu Edeni?

¹¹ Adamu na Eva adapandukira Yahova. Tingati iwo adalewa kuti: ‘Ifepano tin’funa lini kuti Yahova akhale Mtongi wathu.  Tingasankhule tekha cinthu comwe n’cabwino na comwe n’cakuipa.’ Kodi Yahova angadaimalisa tani nkhani imweyi? Kodi iye angadapfunzisa tani bzakulengedwa bzense bza nzeru kuti anyakupandukawo akhali wakuphonyeka ndipo kuti njira yace ndiyo yomwe ikhali yabwino? Winango angalewe kuti Mulungu angadandopha anyakupandukawo nthawe imweyo aciyamba bzense papsa. Koma Yahova akhadalewa kale bza cakulinga cace kuna m’badwo wa Adamu na Eva, ndipo iye akhafuna kuti iwo akhale pa dziko la pansi m’paraizo. (Ciyambo 1:28) Yahova nthawe zense ambakwanisa cakulinga cace. (Zaiya 55:10, 11) Kuthumizira bzimwebzi, kupha anyakupandukawo mu Edeni kungadapereka lini mtawiro pa mbvunzo omwe udanyosedwa wakuti Yahova ndiye akhathemeradi kutonga.

12, 13. Ndendemezerani thangwe lomwe lacitisa Yahova kulekerera kuti Sathani akhale mtongi wa dzikoli ndipo thangwe ranyi Mulungu walekerera kuti wanthu abzitonge wokha?

¹² Bwerani tiwone there libodzi. Tindendemezere kuti mpfunzisi ankupfunzisa wana wa xikola njira yakucitira matematika yakunesa. Tsono mwana winango wakupanduka ankutsutsa mpfunzisiyo kuti njira yomwe iye ankucitira, njakuphonyeka. Pakufuna kunyazisa mpfunzisiyo kuti ambadziwa lini matematika, mwanayo ankulimbikira kulewa kuti ambadziwa njira inango yabwino yakucitira matematikayo. Winango mwa wanawo ankukumbuka kuti mwanzawoyo ankulewa cadidi, ndipo iwo ankupandukambo.  Kodi mpfunzisiyo an’funika kucita ciyani? Penu iye angathamangise wanawo, kodi anyakupfunza winangowo angakumbuke ciyani? Kodi iwo angaleke kukhulupira kuti mwanzawoyo pabodzi na womwe wamutewera wale akhalewa cadidi? Wana wense angasiye kubvera mpfunzisiyo ndipo angawone ninga kuti wagopa kudziwika kuti ngwakuphonya. Tsono tindendemezere kuti mpfunzisiyo wabvuma kuti mwana nyakupandukayo alatize momwe angacitire matematikayo.

¹³ Yahova wacitambo bzibodzi-bodzi ninga momwe mpfunzisiyo adacitira. Kumbukirani kuti kupanduka kwa mu Edeni kulibe kutokonya anyakupanduka wokhawo. Bzulu na bzulu bza wanjo akhawona bzomwe bzikhacitika. (Djobi 38:7; Danyeri 7:10) Momwe Yahova angadacitira na anyakupandukawo, bzingadatokonya wanjo wense womwe akhawona kuphatanidza na bzakulengedwa bzace bzense bza nzeru. Tenepo, kodi Yahova adacita tani? Iye adalekerera kuti Sathani alatize momwe iye angadatongera wanthu. Ndipo Mulungu adalekerera pomwe kuti wanthu abzitonge wokha mwakutsogoleredwa na Sathani.

14. Kodi ni phindu liponi lomwe limbabwera thangwe rakuti Yahova walekerera kuti wanthu ambabzitonge wokha?

¹⁴ Mpfunzisi wa mu there lathuli akhadziwa kuti mwana wakupandukayo na anyakupfunza winango wakhali wakuphonyeka. Tsono iye akhadziwa kuti kumupasa mpata mwanayo kuti alatize momwe angacitire matematikayo bzingadathandiza wense mu kalasimo. Tenepo nyakupandukayo akatazira, anyakupfunza winango mu kalasimo an’dzawona kuti mpfunzisiyo ndiye yekha womwe adathemera kuwapfunzisa. Iwo an’dzabvesesa pomwe mpfunzisiyo an’dzathamangisa nyakupandukayo mu kalasimo. Mwakundendemerana na bzimwebzi, Yahova akudziwa kuti wanthu wense wa mitima yabwino na wanjo wakukhulupirika an’dzagumana phindu pakuwona kuti Sathani pabodzi na anyakupanduka wale akhali wakuphonyeka na kuti bzingakwanisike lini wanthu kubzitonga wokha. Ninga Jeremiya wa mu nthawe zakale, iwo adapfunza cadidi cakufunika ici: ‘Ndin’dziwa bwino, imwe Yahova, kuti munthu wa pansi pano alibe mphanvu yakulungamiza njira za moyo wace. Munthu omwe an’famba, alibe mphanvu yakutsogolera nzayo zace.’​—Jeremiya 10:23.

15, 16. (a) Thangwe ranyi Yahova ankulekerera kubonera kwa nthawe itali tenepa? (b) Thangwe ranyi Yahova ambaletsa lini bzakuipa kucitika ninga bziwembo bzakuipisisa?

¹⁵ Thangwe ranyi Yahova ankulekerera kubonera kwa nthawe itali tenepa? Ndipo an’sayiranyi kubzimalisa bzinthu bzakuipa bzomwe bzinkucitika? Kumbukirani bzinthu bziwiri bzomwe mpfunzisi akhafunikira lini kucita mu there lathu lire. Cakutoma, iye akhafunikira lini kumuletsa mwana wakupandukayo kufotokoza bzomwe akhadziwa. Caciwiri, mpfunzisiyo akhafunikira lini kuthandiza mwana wakupandukayo kucita bzomwe iye akhakumbukabzo. Mwakundendemerana na bzimwebzi, kumbukirani bzinthu bziwiri bzomwe Yahova adatsimikiza kuleka kucita. Cakutoma, iye alibe kumuletsa Sathani na wale womwe akhali ku mbali yace kuyeza kulatiza kuti akhacita bzakulungama. Pakhafunika papite nthawe yakukwanira kuti bzimwebzi bzicitike. Kwa magole bzulu na bzulu mu mbiri ya wanthu, wanthu akhala na mpata wa kubzitonga wokha ndipo waphatisa basa maboma yakusiyana-siyana. Napo wanthu wayenda patsogolo pa bzinthu bzinango bza siyensiya, koma kusaya cirungamo, kusauka, ciwembo, na nkhondo bzinkuyenda bzicithumizirika. Tsapano utongi bwa wanthu bwalatiziratu padeca kuti bun’kwanisa lini kutonga.

¹⁶ Caciwiri, Yahova alibe kumuthandiza Sathani pa kutonga dzikoli. Mwa ciratizo, penu Mulungu angadaletsa bziwembo bzakuipisisa bzomwe bzimbacitika, bzingadalatiza lini kuti bzomwe anyakupandukawo adacita bzikhali bzabwino? Kodi Mulungu angadacitisa lini wanthu kukumbuka kuti angakwanise kubzitonga wokha mwakusaya kugumana na mabvuto? Penu Yahova angadacita bzimwebzo, iye angadakhala akutenga mbali mu gunkha lawoli. Na tenepo, ‘mpsakutazika kuti Mulungu aname.’​—Wahebereu 6:18.

17, 18. Kodi Yahova an’dzacitanyi na bzinthu bzense bzomwe wanthu wadzonga mu utongi bwawo na bzomwe Sathani wacita?

¹⁷ Tsono, kodi n’ciyani comwe cin’dzacitikira bzinthu bzense bzomwe bzadzongeka mkati mwa magole yenseneya ya kupandukira Mulungu? Tingacite bwino kukumbukira kuti Yahova ngwamphanvu zense. Tenepo iye an’kwanisa, ndipo ngwakukonzeka  kudzacosa mabvuto yense ya wanthu. Ninga momwe tidapfunzirira, kudzongeka kwa dziko lathuli kun’dzakonzedwa pomwe dzikoli lin’dzakhala Paraizo. Bzinthu bzomwe bzimbabwera thangwe ra pikado bzin’dzacosedwa mwa cakulombolera ca nsembe ya Jezu, ndipo mabvuto yomwe yambabwera thangwe ra infa yan’dzamala pomwe anyakufa an’dzalamuka. Mulungu an’dzaphatisa basa Jezu ‘kuti adzapfudze mabasa ya Dyabu.’ (1 Juwau 3:8) Yahova an’dzakwanisa kucita bzinthu bzensebzi pa nthawe yace. Ndife wakukondwa kuti Mulungu alibe kucitiratu bzimwebzi, thangwe ra kupirira kwace iye watipasa mpata wakuti tipfunze cadidi na kumutumikira. (Werengani 2 Pedru 3:9, 10) Pomwe bzimwebzi bzikucitika, Mulungu ankulinga anyakumunamata na mtima wacadidi aciwathandiza kulimbana na mabvuto yali-yense yomwe angagumane nayo mu dziko lakuipali.​—Juwau 4:23; 1 Wakolinto 10:13.

¹⁸ Winango wangabzibvunze kuti, ‘Kodi mabvuto yenseneya yangadacitika bzingadakhala kuti Mulungu adalenga Adamu na Eva mu njira yakuti ambaleke kuphonya?’ Kuti mutawire mbvunzoyu, munfunikira kukumbukira mphaso yakufunika kwene-kwene yomwe Yahova adakupasani.

19. Kodi ni mphaso ikulu iponi yomwe Yahova adatipasa, ndipo thangwe ranyi tinfunika kuiwona kukhala yakufunika kwene-kwene?

¹⁹ Ninga momwe tidawonera mu Msolo 5, wanthu adalengedwa na ufulu bwakusankhula. Kodi mun’dziwa kuti ufulu bumwebu ni mphaso ikulu kwene-kwene? Mulungu adalenga bzirombo bzakusaya kulewengeka koma ibzo bzimbacita bzinthu bza nzeru mwacibadwa. (Mimwani 30:24) Munthu ambakonza makina kuti yambaphate basa mwakubverana na momwe yadakonzedwera. Kodi imwepo mungadakomedwa bzingadakhala kuti Mulungu  adakukonzani tenepo? Ne, thangwe ife timbakondwa na ufulu bwakusankhula bomwe tinabo kukhala mtundu wa munthu womwe tingafune, mbani womwe angakhale xamwali wathu, na mtundu wa moyo womwe tingafune kukhala nawo na bzinangombo. Timbakondwa kukhala na ufulu, ndipo ni tenepo momwe Mulungu ambafuna kuti timbakhale.

20, 21. Kodi tingaphatise tani basa bwino mphaso ya ufulu bwakusankhula, ndipo thangwe ranyi tin’funika kucita bzimwebzo?

²⁰ Yahova an’funa lini kuti timutumikire mwakukamizidwa. (2 Wakolinto 9:7) Tindendemezere tenepa: Pomwe mwana ambalewa mafala yakuti “Ndimbakufunani” kodi abereki angakomedwe nayo mafalayo pomwe mwanayo wacita kuuzidwa na munthu winango ayai pomwe wacita kulewa yekha kucokera pansi pa mtima? Tenepo mbvunzo nguyu: Kodi imwepo mun’dzaphatisa tani basa ufulu bomwe Yahova akupasani? Sathani, Adamu, na Eva iwo adaphatisa basa kuipa ufulu bwawo. Iwo adamulamba Yahova Mulungu. Kodi imwepo mun’dzacita ciyani?

²¹ Imwepo muna mpata wakuphatisa basa bwino mphaso imweyi ya ufulu bwakusankhula. Mungaphatane na wense wale omwe ali kumbali ya Yahova. Iwo ambakondwa na Mulungu aciratiza kuti Sathani ngwakunama ndipo watazira kutonga mwakucitisa manyazi. (Mimwani 27:11) Imwepo mungacitembo bzimwebzo mwakusankhula bwino bzakucita bzanu pa moyo. Nkhani imweyi in’dzafotokozedwa mu msolo unkubwerayu.