1. Kodi ni nfundo iponi yomwe Yahova adathandiza Abalahamu kuibvesesa?

 YADAKHALA maceza yakusaya kuyebweka yomwe Abalahamu adacita na anjo. Mwakuphatisa basa anjo, Mulungu adauza Abalahamu kuti angadapfudza mizinda ya Sodoma na Gomora. Bzimwebzi bzidakhala bzakunesa kwene-kwene kuti Abalahamu abvesese napo kuti iye akhana cikhulupiro cakulimba kwa Mulungu. Iye adabvunza kuti: “Kodi apa mun’pfudziratu wanthu wabwino pabodzi na wakuipa? . . . Kodi Muyeruzi wa dziko lentse la pantsi an’dzacita lini mwakulungama?” Yahova adathandiza xamwali wace mwakugwa mpfuwa kubvesesa nfundo iyi: Mulungu cipo acidzapfudza wanthu wakulungama. Nfundo imweyi imbatipasa phindu ndipo imbatitsangalazambo ntsiku zino. — Genesesi 18:23-33.

2. Kodi n’ciyani comwe cimbatitsimikizira kuti katongedwe ka Yahova n’kakulungama na ka ntsisi?

² Kodi tingakhale tani na citsimikizo cakuti katongedwe ka Yahova n’kakulungama na ka ntsisi? Tingakhale na citsimikizo cimweci thangwe timbadziwa kuti “Yahova ambawona bzomwe bziri mu mtima” mwa wanthu. (1 Samuyeli 16:7) Kulewa cadidi, iye “ambafufudza mitima yentse” ya wanthu. (1 Amambo 8:39; 1 Nkhani 28:9) Yahova ngwanzeru kwene-kwene kuposa ifepano, ndipopa ni nthawe lini zentse zomwe ifepano tin’dzabvesesa bwino-bwino bzomwe iye ambasankhula kucita. Ifepano tingakwanise lini kubvesesa momwe Yahova ambacitira bzinthu. Pakulewa bza Mulungu, mpostolo Paulo adalewa kuti: “Kodi mbani angakwanise kubvesesa momwe iye ambatongera!” — Aroma 11:33.

3-4. Kodi nthawe zinango tingabzicite mibvunzo iponi, ndipo n’ciyani comwe tin’cezerana mu nkhani ino? (Juwau 5:28, 29)

³ Napo timbadziwa kuti bzomwe Yahova ambacita mpsakulungama, koma tingakhalembo na mibvunzo ninga yomwe Abalahamu akhanayo. Pinango tingabzibvunze kuti: ‘Kodi wanthu omwe adapfudzidwa na Yahova mizinda ya Sodoma na Gomora angadzakhale pomwe na moyo? Kodi mpsakukwanisika kuti winango mwa iwo adzalamusidwe pa “kumuka kwa . . . wakulungama na wakusaya kulungama”?’ — Mabasa 24:15.

 ⁴ Mbatikumbukireni bzomwe timbabvesesa pakulewa bza cilamuso. Tsapanopapa, takhala na kabvesesedwe kapsa ka thandauzo la mafala yakuti wanthu omwe “an’dzamuka kuti atambire moyo” na wanthu omwe “an’dzamuka kuti atongedwe.” a (Werengani Juwau 5:28, 29.) Ndipo nkhani imweyi yacitisa kuti pakhale pomwe na kabvesesedwe kanango. Mu nkhani ino, tin’cezerana bza kabvesesedwe kamweka. Pakulewa bza katongedwe kakulungama ka Yahova, cakuyamba tin’cezerana bzomwe timbadziwa lini patsogolo pace tin’cezerana bzomwe timbadziwa.

BZOMWE TIMBADZIWA LINI

5. Kodi n’ciyani comwe mabukhu yathu yakhalewa pakulewa bza mizinda ya Sodoma na Gomora?

⁵ Kale-kale mabukhu yathu yakhafotokoza bzomwe bzimbacitikira wanthu omwe Yahova ambawawona kuti mbakusaya kulungama. Iyo yakhalewa kuti wanthu omwe adapfudzidwa na Yahova m’mizinda ya Sodoma na Gomora, an’dzalamusidwa lini. Tsono pambuyo pa kufufudza mwakusamala na kuipempherera nkhaniyi, bzikuwonekeratu kuti tingatsimikizire lini bzimwebzi. Thangwe ranyi?

6. Kodi ni bziratizo bzinango bziponi bzomwe bzimbalewa bza katongedwe ka Yahova pakulewa bza wanthu wakusaya kulungama, ndipo n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa lini?

⁶ Mbaticezeraneni nkhani zakundendemerana na imweyi. Pana nkhani zizinji za m’Bibliya zomwe zimbalewa momwe Yahova adatongera wanthu wakusaya kulungama. Mwa ciratizo, Yahova adapfudza wanthu na Cigumula ca Madzi kupambula Nowa na banja lace. Kuthumizira bzimwebzi, iye adaphatisambo basa Ajirayeri kuti apfudze mitundu 7 ya wanthu yomwe ikhakhala mu Dziko Lakupiciridwa. Ndipo iye adaphatisambo basa anjo kuti aphe acikunda wa Asiriya wakukwana 185 000 usiku bubodzi bokha. (Genesesi 7:23; Deuteronomiyo 7:1-3; Zaiya 37:36, 37) Pa bzomwe bzidacitikabzi, kodi Bibliya limbaleweratu padeca kuti Yahova adatonga kuti wanthu omwe adafawa aleke kudzalamusidwa pomwe? Ne, Bibliya limbalewa lini. Thangwe ranyi tikulewa tenepo?

7. N’ciyani comwe timbadziwa lini pakulewa bza wanthu omwe adapfudzidwa pa Cigumula ca Madzi na wale omwe adapfudzidwa na Ajirayeri pomwe adakunda Dziko Lakupiciridwa? (Onani cithunzi-thunzi .)

⁷ Pa bziratizo bzentse bzomwe tamala kucezeranabzi, ifepano timbadziwa lini momwe Yahova adatongera munthu ali-wentse payekha. Ndipo tikudziwambo lini penu wanthu omwe adaphedwa pa nthawe imweyire adakhala na mwayi wakupfunza bza Yahova acikungula. Pakulewa bza Cigumula ca Madzi, Bibliya limbalewa kuti Nowa akhali “mpalizi wacirungamo.” (2 Pedru 2:5) Koma iro limbalewambo lini kuti pomwe iye akhamanga cingalawaco akhapalizira wanthu wentse pa dziko lentse la pantsi. Mwa njira ibodzi-bodziyi, pakulewa bza mitundu ya ku Kanani, ifepano timbadziwambo lini kuti wanthu wentse wakuipa mu nthawe imweyire adakhala na mwayi wakupfunza bza Yahova acicinja makhalidwe yawo.

8. Kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa lini pakulewa bza wanthu wa ku Sodoma na Gomora?

⁸ Tsono tani pa kulewa bza wanthu omwe adapfudzidwa m’mizinda ya Sodoma na Gomora? Munthu wakulungama,wakucemeredwa Loti, akhakhala pakati pa wanthu amwewa ku Sodoma. Kodi ifepano timbadziwa kuti Loti adapalizira wanthu wentse? Ne. Iwo akhali wanthu wakuipa, tsono kodi iwo akhadziwa cabwino na cakuipa? Bzikuwoneka kuti ne. Kumbukirani kuti thimu la amuna lidayenda kumui kwa Loti kuti akacite malume ya pamphasa na amuna omwe akhadabwera kumui kwace. Ndipo Bibliya limbalewa kuti pakati pa thimulo pakhana “maswaka na amuna wacikulire.” (Genesesi 19:4; 2 Pedru 2:7) Kodi ifepano timbadziwa kuti Mulungu wantsisi, Yahova, adatonga kuti wanthu amwewa aleke kudzalamusidwa? Ne timbadziwa lini. Thangwe ranyi tikulewa tenepo? Cadidi n’cakuti  Yahova adauza Abalahamu kuti mu mzindamu mukhalibe wanthu wakulungama wakukwana 10. (Genesesi 18:32) Pakuti iwo akhali wanthu wakusaya kulungama, ndipopa Yahova akhana mathangwe ya kuwapfudzira thangwe ra makhalidwe yawo. Tsono ifepano tingatsimikizire kuti wanthu amwewa angadzalamusidwe lini “akadzalamusidwa wanthu . . . wakusaya kulungama”? Ne, ifepano tingalewe lini mwakutsimikiza!

9. Kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa lini pakulewa bza Salomau?

⁹ M’Bibliya, muna bziratizo bza wanthu omwe akhali wakulungama koma patsogolo pace adadzakhala wakusaya kulungama. Ciratizo pa nkhaniyi ni Mambo Salomau. Iye akhadziwa Yahova, akhadziwa momwe angadamunamatira ndipo Yahovayo adamusimba kwene-kwene; koma patsogolo pace Mambo Salomau adayamba kunamata mirungu yakunama. Bzimwebzi bzidakalipisa kwene-kwene Yahova ndipo bzidacitisambo kuti mtundu wa Ajirayeri ugumane na mabvuto mazinji thangwe ra pikado za Salomau. Pomwe Salomau adafa, Bibliya limbalewa kuti “iye adaikhidwa m’thenje la makolo yace,” kuphatanidzambo amuna wakukhulupirika ninga Mambo Davide. (1 Amambo 11:5-9, 43; 2 Amambo 23:13) Napo kuti Bibliya limbalewa bzimwebzi, kodi bzikufuna kulewa kuti Yahova an’dzalamusa Mambo Salomau? Bibliya limbalewa lini. Winango ambakumbuka kuti Salomau an’dzalamusidwa kutsogoloku thangwe Bibliya limbalewa kuti “munthu omwe wafa, walekereredwa pikado zace.” (Aroma 6:7) Tsono bzimwebzi bzikuthandauza lini kuti munthu ali-wentse akafa an’dzalamusidwa. Thangwe cilamuso ni mphaso yakucokera kwa Mulungu wathu walufoyi. Iye ambapereka mphaso imweyi kwa wale omwe ambafuna kumutumikira mpaka kale-kale. (Djobi 14:13, 14; Juwau 6:44) Kodi Salomau an’dzatambirambo mphaso imweyi? Yahova ndiye akudziwa mtawiro wace; ifepano tikudziwa lini. Comwe ifepano timbadziwa n’cakuti Yahova an’dzacita bzinthu mwakulungama.

BZOMWE TIMBADZIWA

10. Kodi Yahova ambabva tani na kupfudzidwa kwa wanthu? (Ezekiyeli 33:11) (Onani cithunzi-thunzi.)

¹⁰ Werengani Ezekiyeli 33:11. Pakulewa bza momwe Yahova ambatongera wanthu, iye ambalewa momwe ambabvera pomwe akutonga wanthuwo. Mpostolo Pedru adafuliziridwa kubwerezera mafala yomwe mpolofeta Ezekiyeli adanembambo yakuti “Yahova. . . an’funa lini kuti munthu ali-wentse adzapfudzidwe.” (2 Pedru 3:9) Mafalaya yambatitsangalaza thangwe timbadziwa kuti Yahova an’dzapfudza lini munthu mwakusaya mathangwe. Iye ni Mulungu wantsisi ndipo ambalatiza ntsisi zacezo nthawe zentse.

11. Kodi mbani omwe an’dzalamusidwa lini, ndipo timbadziwa tani bzimwebzo?

¹¹ Kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa pakulewa bza wanthu omwe an’dzalamusidwa lini? Bibliya limbandofotokoza bziratizo bzing’ono-ng’ono basi. b Jezu adalewa kuti Djuda Sikaliyoti angadadzalamusidwa lini. (Marko 14:21; onanimbo Juwau 17:12.) Djuda akhadziwa kuti bzomwe akhadacita akhadaphonyera Yahova na Mwana wace, Jezu, koma napo bziri tenepo iye adacita basi. (Onani Marko 3:29.) Mwa njira ibodzi-bodziyi, Jezu adalewa kuti atsogoleri winango omwe akhamutsutsa angadadzafa ndipo angadakhala alibe cidikhiro cakudzalamusidwa. (Mateu 23:33; onani Juwau 19:11.) Ndipo mpostolo Paulo adacenjeza kuti apanduki omwe angadasaya kukungula angadadzalamusidwa lini. — Ahebereu 6:4-8; 10:29.

12. Kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa pakulewa bza ntsisi za Yahova? Fotokozani.

¹² Kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa pakulewa bza ntsisi za Yahova? Kodi iye adalatiza tani kuti “an’funa lini kuti munthu ali-wentse adzapfudzidwe”? Mbatiwoneni momwe iye adalatizira ntsisi zace kwa wanthu winango omwe adacita pikado zikulu. Mambo Davide adacita pikado zikulu ninga upombo na kupha. Napo bzikhali tenepo,  Davide adakungula ndipo Yahova mwa ntsisi adamulekerera. (2 Samuyeli 12:1-13) Mambo Manase adacitambo bzinthu bzakuipa kwene-kwene pa moyo wace. Napo bzikhali tenepo, Yahova adalatiza ntsisi zace mwakulekerera Manase thangwe iye akhadakungula. (2 Nkhani 33:9-16) Bziratizo bzimwebzi bzikutikumbusa kuti Yahova ambalatiza ntsisi zace pakakhala kuti pana mathangwe yakucitira bzimwebzo. Iye an’dzalamusa wanthu amwewa thangwe rakuti iwo adazindikira kuti adacita pikado ndipo adakungula.

13. (a) Thangwe ranyi Yahova adalatiza ntsisi kwa wanthu wa ku Ninive? (b) Kodi n’ciyani comwe Jezu adadzalewa pakulewa bza wanthu wa ku Ninive?

¹³ Ifepano timbadziwambo bza ntsisi za Yahova pakulewa bza wanthu wa ku Ninive. Mulungu adauza Djona kuti: “Uipi bwawo bwafika kuna inepano.” Tsono pomwe iwo adakungula pikado zawo, Yahova mwakudeka mtima adawalekerera. Iye adalatiza ntsisi kwene-kwene kwa wanthu wa ku Ninive kuposa Djona. Djona adakalipa ndipo Mulungu adamukumbusa kuti wanthu amwewale akhakwanisa lini “kusiyanisa cabwino na cakuipa.” (Djona 1:1, 2; 3:10; 4:9-11) Pomwe padapita magole, Jezu adaphatisa basa ciratizo cimweci kuti apfunzise wanthu bza cirungamo na ntsisi za Yahova. Jezu adalewa kuti wanthu wa ku Ninive omwe akhadakungula angadadzalamusidwa “pa ntsiku ya kutongedwa.” — Mateu 12:41.

14. Kodi “kulamusidwa kwa anyakufa kuti atongedwe” kun’dzathandauza ciyani kwa wanthu wa ku Ninive?

¹⁴ Kodi mafala yakuti wanthu wa ku Ninive an’dzalamusidwa “pa ntsiku ya kutongedwa” yambathandauza ciyani? Jezu adapfunzisa bza wanthu omwe “an’dzamuka kuti atongedwe.” (Juwau 5:29) Pakulewa mafalaya, iye akhafuna kuthandauza pa nthawe yomwe an’dzatonga ninga Mambo kwa magole 1000, pomwe wanthu “wakulungama na wakusaya kulungama” an’dzalamusidwa. (Mabasa 24:15) Kwa anyakusaya kulungama, “an’dzamuka kuti atongedwe.” Bzomwe bzikuthandauza kuti pambuyo pa kulamusidwa, Yahova na Jezu an’dzawona penu iwo akupitiriza kubvera na kuphatisa basa bzomwe akupfunza. Penu munthu m’bodzi wa ku Ninive akadzalamusidwa acilamba kunamata Yahova, Yahovayo an’dzabvuma lini kuti iye apitirize kukhala na moyo. (Zaiya 65:20) Koma kwa wale omwe an’dzasankhula kunamata Yahova mwakukhulupirika, an’dzakhala na mwayi wakukhala na moyo mpaka kale-kale! — Daniyeli 12:2.

15. (a) Thangwe ranyi tin’funika kutcenkha kumbalewa kuti wanthu omwe adapfudzidwa m’mizinda ya Sodoma na Gomora an’dzalamusidwa lini? (b) Kodi tingabvesese tani mafala yomwe yambagumanika pa Djuda 7? (Onani kwadru yakuti  “Kodi Djuda Akhafuna Kuthandauza Ciyani?”)

¹⁵ Pakulewa bza wanthu wa ku Sodoma na Gomora, Jezu adalewa kuti bzinthu bzingadawafambira  bwino pa “ntsiku ya kutongedwa” kuposa wale omwe angadalamba cipfunziso cace. (Mateu 10:14, 15; 11:23, 24; Luka 10:12) Kodi iye akhafuna kulewanyi na mafalaya? Kodi Jezu adaphatisa basa mafalaya pa kufuna kulatiza kuti wanthu wa mu nthawe yace akhali wakuipa kwene-kwene kuposa wanthu wa ku Sodoma na Gomora? Kumbukirani kuti pomwe Jezu adalewa kuti wanthu wa ku Ninive angadadzalamusidwa pa ntsiku ya kutongedwa, iye adalewa bzimwebzi mwa njira yakuyezezera. c Tsono bzomwe Jezu adalewa pakulewa bza “ntsiku ya kutongedwa” kwa mizinda ya Sodoma na Gomora na Ninive akhafuna kuthandauza katongedwe kabodzi-bodzi. Thangwe ranyi? Thangwe wanthu wa ku Ninive na waku Sodoma na Gomora adacita bzinthu bzakuipa. Tsono wanthu wa ku Ninive adakhala na mwayi wakukungula. Kuthumizira bzimwebzi, kumbukirani mafala ya Jezu yomwe iye adalewa pakulewa bza wanthu omwe “an’dzamuka kuti atongedwe.” Omwe ambaphatanidza “wale omwe akhacita bzinthu bzakuipa.” (Juwau 5:29) Na tenepo bzikuwoneka kuti pinango wanthu wa ku Sodoma na Gomora ana cidikhiro cakudzalamusidwa. Mpsakukwanisika kuti winango mwa wanthu amwewa angadzalamusidwe ndipo ticikhalambo na mwayi wakuwapfunzisa bza Yahova na Jezu Kristu!

16. Kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa bza omwe Yahova an’dzawasankhula kuti adzawalamuse? (Jeremiya 17:10)

¹⁶ Werengani Jeremiya 17:10. Mu vesiri timbawerenga mu njira ya momwe Yahova ambatongera wanthu: Yahova nthawe zentse ‘ambawona mtima, ndipo ambapenda bzomwe bziri mu mtima.’ Pakulewa bza cilamuso comwe cin’dzacitika kutsogolo, iye akadzasankhula kuti mbani omwe angadzamulamuse an’dzapasa munthu ali-wentse “mwakubverana na bzicito bzace.” Yahova an’dzawonesesa kuti akukwanirisa bzentse bzomwe akufuna na kulatizambo ntsisi bzikafunikira. Na tenepo tin’funika lini kulewa kuti munthu an’dzalamusidwa lini pomwe tikanati kutsimikiza kuti ndibzo bzomwe Bibliya limbalewa!

“MUYERUZI WA DZIKO LENTSE LA PANTSI” “AN’DZACITA MWAKULUNGAMA”

17. Kodi ni tsogolo liponi lomwe analo wale omwe adafa?

¹⁷ Kucokera pomwe Adamu na Eva adapandukira Mulungu acibvera Sathani, wanthu azinji ambafa. “Nyamadulanthaka omwe ni infa,” yapha wanthu azinji! (1 Akolinto 15:26) Kodi  n’ciyani comwe cin’dzacitikira wanthu wentsenewa? Wanthu wakulewengeka wakukwana 144 000 omwe ni ateweri wa Jezu wakukhulupirika, an’dzalamusidwa kuti akakhale na moyo wakusaya kufa kudzulu. (Apokalipse 14:1) Ndipo thimu la amuna na akazi wakukhulupirika omwe akhafuna Yahova an’dzalamusidwa pa “kudzalamusidwa . . . kwa anyakulungama,” ndipo an’dzakhala na moyo pa dziko la pantsi pano akadzapitiriza kukhala wakukhulupirika mu Utongi bwa Kristu bwa magole 1000 na pa nthawe ya mayezo yakumalizira. (Daniyeli 12:13; Ahebereu 12:1) Tsono m’magole 1000 yamweya, wanthu “wakulungama” kuphatanidzambo wale omwe alibe kutumikira Yahova na omwe “akhacita bzinthu bzakuipa” an’dzakhala na mwayi wakucinja makhalidwe yawo acikhala wakukhulupirika kwa Yahova Mulungu. (Luka 23:42, 43) Koma kwa wale omwe akhali wakuipa na wakutsimikiza kupandukira Yahova, iye an’dzawalamusa lini. — Luka 12:4, 5.

18-19. (a) Thangwe ranyi tin’funika kukhulupira bza momwe Yahova an’dzatongera wale omwe adafa? (Zaiya 55:8, 9) (b) Kodi n’ciyani comwe tin’dzacezerana mu nkhani yakutewerayi?

¹⁸ Kodi ifepano tingakhale na citsimikizo cakuti Yahova akatonga wanthu iye ambacita bzimwebzo mwakulungama? Inde! Abalahamu adabvesesa bwino kuti Yahova ni “muyeruzi wakulungama pa dziko lentse,” wanzeru na wantsisi. Iye adapfunzisa Mwana wace ndipo adamupasa udindo bwa kutonga wanthu wentse. (Juwau 5:22) Yahova na Jezu ambakwanisa kuwona bzomwe bziri mu mtima mwa munthu. (Mateu 9:4) Ndipopa, iwo nthawe zentse an’dzacita bzinthu “mwakulungama”!

¹⁹ Tentsenefe mbatipitirizeni kukhulupira pa bzomwe Yahova ambacita. Ifepano timbadziwa kuti Yahova ndiye an’themera kuyeruza sikuti ifepano! (Werengani Zaiya 55:8, 9.) Na tenepo mbatipitirizeni kukhulupira momwe Mwana wace an’dzatongera wanthu kutsogoloku omwe ni Mambo omwe ambalatizambo makhalidwe yabwino ya Pai wace, yomwe ni cirungamo na ntsisi. (Zaiya 11:3, 4) Kodi tingalewe tani momwe Yahova na Jezu an’dzatongera wanthu pa nthawe imweyo? Kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa lini? Ndipo kodi n’ciyani comwe timbadziwa? Mu nkhani yakutewerayi tin’dzatawiridwa mibvunzo imweyi.