Akapasa ed Subok so ‘Matoor ya Aripen’!

“Panaon la a say panangukom manlapu ed abung na Dios.”​—1 Pedro 4:17.

1. Anto so aromog nen Jesus sanen inusisa to so “aripen”?

 NEN Pentecostes 33 K.P., anuro si Jesus na “aripen” a mangitarya na tagano ed manepeg a panaon parad saray kabiangan na “sankaabungan” to. Nen 1914, si Jesus so nitrono bilang Ari, tan kayari na satan a tuloy et ginmapo so panaon na panagsuri ed satan ya “aripen.” Parad karaklan a kabiangan ed satan, aromog to a pinaneknekan na “aripen” a sikato so “matoor tan makabat.” Kanian aturo itan a mangasikaso ed “amin a wala ed sikato.” (Mateo 24:45-47) Balet, wala met so mauges ya aripen, ya aliwan matoor nisay makabat.

“Satan a Mauges ya Aripen”

2, 3. Iner so nanlapuan na “satan a mauges ya aripen,” tan panon itan ya agawa?

² Sinaglawi nen Jesus so nipaakar ed mauges ya aripen kayarin tuloy na impaningbat to ed “matoor tan makabat ya aripen.” Inkuan to: “No satan a mauges ya aripen ikuan to naani ed puso to, Say katawan ko mabayag. Tan igapo ton pekpeken iray ibiba ton aripen, tan mikan tan miinum ed saray buanges; say katawan na satan ya aripen onsabi naani ed sakey ya agew ya agto amta, et sikato naani balsigen ton palduaen [“pirmin dusaen to,” NW] tan ituro toy betang to ed saray mansimpisimpitan. Diman naani paningel tan panngalatenget na ngipengipen.” (Mateo 24:48-51) Say balikas a “satan a mauges ya aripen” so mangipapaimano ed sikatayo ed saray akadkaunan salita nen Jesus nipaakar ed matoor tan makabat ya aripen. On, say “mauges ya aripen” so datin kabiangan na matoor ya aripen. * Panon?

³ Sakbay na 1914, dakel a membro na matoor ya aripen a klase so pirmin maniilalo a miabet ira ed Nobyo ed tawen diad saman a taon, balet ag-agawa so iilaloan da. Bilang resulta na saya tan arum niran agawa, dakel so adismaya tan walaray nanimbel met. Arum ed saratan so ‘amekpek’ ed datin agagi ra diad insalitan paraan tan akinonong ira ed “saray buanges,” saray relihyoson grupo na Kakristianoan.​—Isaias 28:1-3; 32:6.

4. Panon so impideneng nen Jesus ed “mauges ya aripen” tan ed amin ya angalig ed awawey da?

⁴ Sarayan datin Kristiano so abidbiran ed kaunoran bilang “mauges ya aripen,” tan sikara so ‘pirmin’ dinusa nen Jesus. Panon? Impulisay to ira, tan naandi ed sikara so mangatatawen ya ilalo ra. Balet, ag-ira dineral a tampol. Kinaukolan a sungdoan da ni so panaon na paningel tan panngalatenget na ngipengipen diad “kabilungetan na paway” na Kristianon kongregasyon. (Mateo 8:12) Manlapu la’d saraman ya akadkaunan panaon, walay pigaran alanaan ya indibidual ya angipatnag met na mauges ya espiritu, ya impabidbir da so inkasikara a kaiba na satan a “mauges ya aripen.” Pigara ed ‘arum a karnero’ so angalig ed ag-inkamatoor na saratan. (Juan 10:16) Amin na saratan a kakabusol nen Kristo so nidunget ed parehon espiritual a “kabilungetan na paway.”

5. Panon so inkiwas na matoor tan makabat ya aripen, a midumaan ed “mauges ya aripen”?

⁵ Anggaman kuan, dinmalan met so matoor tan makabat ya aripen ed parehon akasubokan na “satan a mauges ya aripen.” Imbes a manimbel ira, sikara so impaipetek. (2 Corinto 13:11) Inmelet so panangaro ra ed si Jehova tan saray agagi ra. Bilang resulta, sikara so nagmaliw a “lusek tan sakurong na katuaan” legan na sarayan  magulon “kaunoran ya agew.”​—1 Timoteo 3:15; 2 Timoteo 3:1.

Makabat tan Makulangkulang Iran Birhen

6. (a) Panon ya inyilustra nen Jesus so inkamakabat na matoor ya aripen a klase? (b) Sakbay na 1914, anton mensahe so inyabawag na saray alanaan a Kristiano?

⁶ Kayari ton sinaglawi so nipaakar ed “satan a mauges ya aripen,” inter nen Jesus so duaran parabolo pian ipabitar no akin a paneknekan na pigaran alanaan a Kristiano a sikaray matoor tan makabat bangta say arum et andi. * Pian niyilustra so nipaakar ed inkamakabat, oniay inkuanto: “Say panariay tawen niulibay sirin naani ed samploran mamarikit, ya inala da ray panagsilewan da, tan linma ran onabet ed nobyo. Et limara ed sikara so maksay tan limara so makalakal. Ta saray maksay, sanen inala ra so saray panagsilewan da, ag-ira nambaloy larak ed sikara. Ingen saray makalakal angala ray larak ed saray baso ra pati saray panagsilewan da.” (Mateo 25:1-4) Say samploran birhen so mangipapanonot ed sikatayo nipaakar ed alanaan iran Kristiano sakbay na 1914. Tinantiya ra so panaon na kipatnag na nobyo, si Jesu-Kristo. Kanian, sikara so ‘pinmaway’ a mangabet ed sikato, a makpel dan impulong a saray “agew na saray Gentiles” so manampot ed 1914.​—Lucas 21:24.

7. Kapigan tan akin ya ‘akatemeg’ iray alanaan a Kristiano, a singa panangibaga?

⁷ Duga ira. Peteg ya anampot so aturon panaon na saray nasyon nen 1914, tan kinmurang la ed satan so Panarian na Dios ya uleyan nen Kristo Jesus. Balet satan so agawa diad agnanengneng a katawenan. Diad dalin, ginmapon nanirap so katooan ed nipasakbay a ‘pakaskasi’ a kipapasen. (Apocalipsis 12:10, 12) Ginmapo so panaon na subok. Lapud agda atalosan iray bengatla, inisip na saray alanaan a Kristiano a ‘tinmantan so nobyo.’ Lapud awetwet ira tan nidunget ira ed isusumpa na mundo, kaslakan ed sikara et tinmayer tan tinmunda lawari ed organisadon panagpulong ed publiko. Singa saray birhen ed parabolo, diad espiritual a panangibaga et sikara so ‘akatemeg tan akaugip,’ a singa ginawa met na saray agmatoor a mankuan a Kristiano kayari na impatey na saray apostol nen Jesus.​—Mateo 25:5; Apocalipsis 11:7, 8; 12:17.

8. Anto so angitonton ed kelyaw a: “Nia la, so nobyo!” tan panaon itan parad saray alanaan a Kristiano a manggawa na anto?

⁸ Insan nen 1919 et walay ag-inilaloan ya agawa. Oniay nabasa tayo: “Dia ed pegley labi walay sakey ya akis a kuan to, Nia la, so nobyo! Paway kayon onabet ed sikato. Dia’d saman la inmalagey ya amin iray mamarikit tan intadia ra so saray panagsilewan da.” (Mateo 25:6, 7) Sanen singano anggapo lay ilalo, niwala so tawag a magmaliw ya aktibo! Nen 1918, si Jesus, say “igaganggan na sipan,” so sinmabi ed espiritual a templo nen Jehova pian surien tan linisan so kongregasyon na Dios. (Malaquias 3:1) Natan, saray alanaan a Kristiano so kinaukolan ya ompaway tan mangabet ed sikato diad mangaraldalin a saban na satan a templo. Panaon la ed saman pian “onsinag.”​—Isaias 60:1; Filipos 2:14, 15.

9, 10. Nen 1919, akin a saray arum a Kristiano et “makabat” tan saray arum et “makulangkulang”?

⁹ Balet imanoen pa ni! Diad parabolo, pigara ed saray mamarikit so walaan na problema. Intuloy nen Jesus: “Saray maksay [“makulangkulang,” NW] inkuan da ed saray makalakal [“makabat,” NW], Ikdan yo kami pay larak yo; ta saray panagsilewan mi nanaerep ira.” (Mateo 25:8) No anggapoy larak, naerep iray lamparaan. Say larak na panagsilewan so mangipapanonot sirin ed sikatayo ed katuaan a lugan na Salitay  Dios tan say masanton espiritu to, a mamapabiskeg ed saray tuan managdayew a magmaliw a manangakbibit na liwawa. (Salmo 119:130; Daniel 5:14) Sakbay na 1919, saray makabat ya alanaan a Kristiano so maseet ya anebek ed linawa na Dios parad sikara, anggaman ed temporaryon inletey da. Kanian akaparaan ira sanen sinmabi so tawag ya isindag da so liwawa.​—2 Timoteo 4:2; Hebreos 10:24, 25.

¹⁰ Balet, walaray alanaan ya ag-akaparaan a mansakripisyo odino manseet a mangisekar na inkasikara​—anggaman pampilpilalekan da so miulop ed Nobyo. Kanian sanen sinmabi so panaon a kinaukolan so magmaliw ya aktibo ed panangipulong na maong a balita, sikara so ag-akaparaan. (Mateo 24:14) Sinali ra ni ingen a patantanen iray maseseg a kakaiba ra, a singano kekerewan da ira na daiset ed suplay dan larak. Diad parabolo nen Jesus, panon so inkiwas na saray makabat a birhen? Inkuan da: “Ompan anggapoy masarag naani ed sikami tan sikayo. Onla kayo ingen ed saray manlalako, tan manaliw kayoy onkana’d sikayo.” (Mateo 25:9) Mipadpara, ag-inyabuloy na saray matoor ya alanaan a Kristiano nen 1919 a manggawa na antokaman a mamatayer ed pakasarag da a mangisindag ed liwawa. Kanian, akapasa ira ed subok.

11. Anto so agawa ed saray makulangkulang a birhen?

¹¹ Oniay inkuan nen Jesus: “Leleg [a saray makulangkulang a birhen so] linman manaliw, sinmabi so nobyo; et saraman so walan sipaparaan akiulop ira ed sikato a linmoob ed bansal. Tan say pinto akaputan. Kayari to sinmabi met so saray arum a mamarikit, a kuan da, Katawan, Katawan lukasan mo’d sikami. Sikato balet inmebat tan inkuan to, Tua kuan ko ed sikayo, agta kayo kabat.” (Mateo 25:10-12) On, pigara so ag-akaparaan ed insabi na Nobyo. Kanian, ag-ira akapasa ed panagsuri tan naandi ed sikara so pankanawnawa ya onatendi ed mangatatawen a bansal. Agaylan makapasinagem!

Say Parabolo Nipaakar ed Saray Talento

12. (a) Anto so inusar nen Jesus a mangiyilustra ed inkamatoor? (b) Siopa so too a ‘linma ed sananey a dalin’?

¹² Kayari na impangiyilustra ed inkamakabat, intultuloy nen Jesus ya iyilustra so nipaakar ed inkamatoor. Inkuanto: “Singa say sakey a too, sanen onla ed sananey a dalin, tinawag to ray ariripen to, tan inyawa’ to’d sikara so saray kayarian to. Et inter toy limaran talento ed sakey, duaran talento ed sananey, tan sakey a talento ed sakey; ed balang sakey unong ed nambabangil a nasamel [“pakasarag,” NW] to; tan linma ed kurang to.” (Mateo 25:14, 15) Say too ed parabolo et si Jesus a mismo, a ‘linma ed sananey a dalin’ sanen sikatoy tinmokotok ed tawen nen taon 33 K.P. Balet sakbay na intokotok to, inmatalek nen Jesus so “saray kayarian to” ed saray matoor a babangatan to. Panon?

13. Panon ya imparaan nen Jesus so maawang a lawak a pankimeyan tan inautorisaan to ‘iray aripen’ to a manggawa na anton kimey?

¹³ Legan na mangaraldalin a ministeryo to, ginmapo si Jesus ya angiparaan ed maawang a lawak a pankimeyan diad impangipulong ed maong a balita na Panarian ed interon bansa na Israel. (Mateo 9:35-38) Sakbay a ‘linma ed sananey a dalin,’ inmatalek to itan a lawak ed saray matoor a babangatan to, a kuanto: “Onla kayo sirin, tan manggawa kayo na saray babangatan ed amin a nasyones, a binyagan yo ra ed ngaray Ama, tan say Anak, tan say espiritu santo. Ya ibangat yo ran mangunor na amin a bengabengatla  ya ingganggan ko ed sikayo.” (Mateo 28:18-20) Panamegley na saratan a salita, inautorisaan nen Jesus ‘iray aripen’ to a mangiyanap ed satan anggad isabi to, ‘ed balang sakey unong ed nambabangil a [“pakasarag,” NW] to.’

14. Akin ya ag-ilaloan ya amin et makagawa na pareparehon karakel na kimey?

¹⁴ Ipapabitar na satan a balikas ya aliwan amin a Kristiano nen inmunan siglo et awalaan na pareparehon kipapasen odino posibilidad. Saray arum, a singa si Pablo tan Timoteo, so bulos ya akibiang ed anggaan na nayarian da dia ed panagpulong tan panagbangat a kimey. Lapud saray sirkumstansya ra, arum so nayarin alimitaan a maong ed kawayangan dan onkiwas. Alimbawa, arum ed saray Kristiano et ariripen, tan arum so masakit, maedad lan maong, odino awalaan na saray responsabilidad ed pamilya. Siempre, walaray pribilehyo ed kongregasyon ya aliwan lukas ed amin a babangatan. Saray alanaan a bibii tan arum ya alanaan a lalaki so agnambangat ed loob na kongregasyon. (1 Corinto 14:34; 1 Timoteo 3:1; Santiago 3:1) Balet, antokaman so kipapasen na balang sakey, amin ya alanaan a babangatan nen Kristo​—lalaki tan bibii​—so apabtangan a mibiang ed kimey, diad panganamot ed saray pankanawnawa tan sirkumstansya ra diad Makristianon ministeryo. Ontan met so gagawaen na saray kapara ran babangatan natan.

Ginmapo la so Panaon na Panagsuri!

15, 16. (a) Kapigan agawa so impikuentaan? (b) Antoran balon pankanawnawa so niiter ed saray matoor pian ‘onanap’?

¹⁵ Oniay katuloyan na parabolo: “Kayari andukey a panaon say katawan na saraman ya ariripen onsabi, tan mibilangan ed sikara.” (Mateo 25:19) Nen 1914​—a maseguron andukey a panaon kayari na 33 K.P.​—si Kristo Jesus so ginmapo ed maarin kiwawala to. Kayari na talora tan kapalduan taon, nen 1918, sikato so sinmabi ed espiritual a templo na Dios tan sinumpal to iray salita nen Pedro: “Panaon la a say panangukom manlapu ed abung na Dios.” (1 Pedro 4:17; Malaquias 3:1) Panaon la pian mikuentaan.

¹⁶ Anto so ginawa na saray aripen, saray alanaan ya agagi nen Jesus, ed saray “talento” na Ari? Manlapu la’d 33 K.P. a manpatuloy, kalaktip laray  taon ya angitonton ed 1914, dakel so nansagpot parad ‘anapan’ nen Jesus. (Mateo 25:16) Anggan sanen nagagawa so inmunan guerra mundial, impatnag da so mabiskeg a pilalek a manlingkor ed Katawan. Kanian matukoy so pangiter ed saray matoor na balo iran pankanawnawa pian ‘onanap.’ Sinmabi la so panaon na anggaan na sayan sistema na bengabengatla. Kinaukolan a nipulong so maong a balita diad sankamundoan. Kinaukolan lan anien so “aanien na dalin.” (Apocalipsis 14:6, 7, 14-16) Kinaukolan ya anapen iray unor a membro na trigon klase tan tiponen so “baleg ya ulop” na arum a karnero.​—Apocalipsis 7:9; Mateo 13:24-30.

17. Panon a saray matoor ya alanaan a Kristiano so ‘linmoob ed gayaga na katawan da’?

¹⁷ Makapaliket so panaon na panag-ani. (Salmo 126:6) Matukoy sirin a sanen 1919 et inmatalek nen Jesus ed saray matoor ya alanaan ya agagi to so apadaak a responsabilidad, ya oniay inkuanto: “Sika apanmatalkan ka’d saray pigara a bengatla; ipasen taka ed saray amayamay a bengatla; onloob ka’d gayaga na katawan mo.” (Mateo 25:21, 23) Niarum ni, agtayo naisip so gayaga na Katawan sanen sikatoy nitrono bilang Ari ed Panarian na Dios. (Salmo 45:1, 2, 6, 7) Ontan met so liket na matoor ya aripen a klase diad impangirepresenta ra ed Ari tan ed impamadaak da ed saray interes to ed dalin. (2 Corinto 5:20) Napatnagan so liket da diad mapropetiko iran salita na Isaias 61:10: “Siak manliket ak naani balbaleg ed Jehova, say kamarerwak manggayaga naani ed Dios ko; ta sikato kinawesan to ak ed saray kawes na kilalaban.”

18. Akin a walaray arum ya ag-akapasa ed impansuri, tan anto so resulta?

¹⁸ Makapaermen, arum so ag-akapasa ed impansuri. Oniay nabasa tayo: “Saman met so angawat na sakey a talento dinmago tan inkuan to, Katawan, kabkaba’taka a too kan anawet, a manani ka’d agmo nantaneman, tan mantipon ka’d agmo nansiboan. Et tinmakot ak, linma ak tan inyamot ko so talentom ed dalin; nia alaen mo so kayarian mo.” (Mateo 25:24, 25) Mipadpara, arum ed saray alanaan a Kristiano so ag-akibiang ed ‘anapan.’ Sakbay na 1914 et sikara so agmaligsan anginabang ed ilalo ra ed arum, tan agda nilabay so onggapo nen 1919. Panon so inkiwas nen Jesus ed inkamapaatagey da? Binawi ton amin so pribilehyo ra. Sikara so ‘imbantak ed kabilungetan ed paway, a diman so paningelan tan panngalatengetan na ngipengipen da.’​—Mateo 25:28, 30.

Nantultuloy so Panagsuri

19. Diad anton paraan a mantultuloy so proseso na panagsuri, tan anto so determinadon gawaen na amin ya alanaan a Kristiano?

¹⁹ Siempre, say karaklan ed saramay magmaliw ya alanaan iran aripen nen Kristo legan na panaon na anggaan so agni manseserbi ed si Jehova sanen inggapo nen Jesus so panagsuri to nen 1918. Kasin asaew da so pankanawnawan nasuri? Andin balot. Ginmapo lambengat so proseso na panagsuri nen 1918/19 sanen say matoor tan makabat ya aripen bilang sakey a grupo et akapasa ed subok. Tuloytuloy a nasusuri so sinansakey ya alanaan iran Kristiano anggad magmaliw lan permanente so inkatatakan da. (Apocalipsis 7:1-3) Lapud amoria ra itan, saray alanaan ya agagi nen Kristo so determinadon mantultuloy ed matoor a ‘pangiyaanap’ da. Sikara so determinadon magmaliw a makabat, a pansiasiansiaen da a daakan so suplay dan larak ta pian lalon masnag so liwawa. Amta ra a sano nasabi na kada sakey so kasampotan na bilay to tekep na katooran, sikato so awaten nen Jesus ed mangatatawen ya  ayaman.​—Mateo 24:13; Juan 14:2-4; 1 Corinto 15:50, 51.

20. (a) Anto so determinadon gawaen natan na arum a karnero? (b) Anto so kabkabat na saray alanaan a Kristiano?

²⁰ Say baleg ya ulop na arum a karnero so angalig ed saray alanaan ya agagi ra. Amta ra a say pikakabat da ed saray gagala na Dios so amawala na ambelat a responsabilidad. (Ezequiel 3:17-21) Kanian, diad tulong na Salita tan masanton espiritu nen Jehova, pansiasiansiaen da met a daakan so suplay dan larak diad panamegley na panagaral tan pililimog. Tan isisindag da so liwawa ra, diad pibibiang da ed kimey a panagpulong tan panagbangat kanian sikaray ‘onaanap’ met a kaiba iray alanaan ya agagi ra. Balet, sikakabat iray alanaan a Kristiano a saray talento so nimatalek ed sikara. Nepeg a mikuentaan ira ed paraan na impangasikaso ra ed kaykayarian na Katawan dia ed dalin. Anggaman daiset ira, agda nayarin ipulin so responsabilidad da ed baleg ya ulop. Lapud sinononot ira ed satan, say matoor tan makabat ya aripen so nantultuloy ya angidaulo ed panangasikaso ed kimey na Ari, a nanliketan da so pananuporta na saray debosyonadon membro na baleg ya ulop. Bibidbiren na baleg ya ulop so responsabilidad na saray alanaan ya agagi ra tan moriaen dan pribilehyo so mankimey ed silong na panangasikaso ra.

21. Anton simbawa so onaplika ed amin a Kristiano manlapu la’d nen 1919 anggad panaon tayo?

²¹ Diad ontan, anggaman aliwawaan itayo ed sayan duaran parabolo nipaakar ed saray ebento ya agawa nen 1919 odino ed saray taon ya asingger ed saman, onaplika so prinsipyo na saratan ed amin a tuan Kristiano diad kaunoran iran agew. Diad onian paraan, anggaman manunan onaplika ed saray alanaan a Kristiano sakbay na 1919 so insimbawa nen Jesus diad sampot na parabolo na samploran birhen, onaplika met so prinsipyo na satan ed kada Kristiano. Komon ta amin tayo so ontalineng ed saray salita nen Jesus: “Manpuyat kayo sirin, ta agyo amta so agew ono oras.”​—Mateo 25:13.

[Saray paimano ed leksab]

Kasin Nipaliwawa Yo?

• Kapigan so impansuri nen Jesus ed saray patumbok to, tan anto so aromogan to?

• Akin a walay pigaran alanaan a Kristiano ya akabayubo ed awawey na “[saman] a mauges ya aripen”?

• Panon tayon nipatnag a makabat itayo ed espiritual a paraan?

• Diad pangalig ed matoor iran alanaan ya agagi nen Jesus, panon itayon makapantultuloy a mibiang ed ‘anapan’?

[Tepetepet Parad Panagaral]

[Kahon ed pahina 16]

KAPIGAN SO ISASABI NEN JESUS?

Diad Mateo kapitulo 24 tan 25, nibaga a si Jesus so ‘onsabi’ ed nanduruman kipapasen. Agto kinaukolan so literal ya onalis ta pian sikato so ‘onsabi.’ Imbes, sikato so ‘onsabi’ ed pantalos ya ipaarap to so imano to ed katooan odino ed saray patumbok to, a mabetbet et mangilalanor ed panangukom. Kanian, nen 1914 et sikato so ‘sinmabi’ pian onggapo ed kiwawala to bilang nitronon Ari. (Mateo 16:28; 17:1; Gawa 1:11) Nen 1918 et sikato so ‘sinmabi’ bilang mensahero na sipanan tan ginmapon angukom ed saramay mankuan a manlilingkor ed si Jehova. (Malaquias 3:1-3; 1 Pedro 4:17) Diad Armagedon, sikato so ‘onsabi’ pian ipaakseb so panangukom ed saray kakabusol nen Jehova.​—Apocalipsis 19:11-16.

Say isabi (odino, idateng) ya aminpigan atukoy diad Mateo 24:29-44 tan 25:31-46 so nagawa diad ‘baleg a kairapan.’ (Apocalipsis 7:14) Diad biek a dapag, say isabi ya aminpigan atukoy ed Mateo 24:45 anggad 25:30 so misiglaotan ed pangukom to ed saray mankuan a babangatan manlapu la’d 1918 a manpatuloy. Alimbawa, aliwan makatunongan ya ibaga a say panumang ed matoor ya aripen, pangukom ed saray makulangkulang a birhen, tan pangukom ed mangiras ya aripen, ya angiyamot ed talento na Katawan, so nagawa diad ‘isabi’ nen Jesus diad baleg a kairapan. Ta no ontan et dakel ed saray alanaan so naromogan ya agmatoor diad satan a panaon tan nakaukolan sirin a salatan ira. Balet, ipapabitar na Apocalipsis 7:3 ya amin ya alanaan ya aripen nen Kristo so permanentin ‘natatakan’ ed satan a panaon.

[Litrato ed pahina 14]

Say “mauges ya aripen” so ag-akagamor na saray bendisyon nen 1919

[Litrato ed pahina 15]

Saray makabat a birhen so akaparaan sanen sinmabi so nobyo

[Litrato ed pahina 17]

Saray matoor ya aripen so akibiang ed ‘anapan’

Ag-akibiang so mangiras ya aripen

[Saray litrato ed pahina 18]

Saray alanaan tan say “baleg ya ulop” so mantutultuloy a mangisisindag ed liwawa ra