MSOLO 21
“Niribe mulandu wa magazi ya wanthu wose”
Paulo adapereka malangizo kwa akulu mu mpingo, komasoti wenze na khama pa utumiki wake
Nkhani mweyi yachokera pa Machitidwe 20:1-38
1-3. (a) Fotokozani vomwe vidachitika kuti Utiko afe. (b) Ko Paulo adachita chani, ndipo vimwevi vikutiuza chani va iye?
PAULO wenze ku Torowa nchipinda cha m’dzulu momwe mwenze wanthu azinji. Umoyu wenze usiku kuti mangwana yake achoke mu thaundi mweyi. Pamwapo iye adakamba nkhani kwa nthawe ikulu kwa abale mwawa mpakana kufika pakati pa usiku. Nchipinda momu mumbapsa maninge ndipo mwenze makandyero yazinji yomwe yangaingizira kupsa moku, ndipo vingachitike kuti makandyero mwaya yambachosa utsi uzinji. Mulumbwana munango dzina yake Utiko wenze khale pa janela inango nchipinda mumo. Paulo ali nkati mokamba nkhani Utiko adayamba kugona ndipo adagwa kuchokera padzulu pa nyumba yachitatu yosanzikidza
2 Pakuti Luka wenze mfulumero, panango iye wenze mugulu ya wanthu woyamba kuthamanga kuti akawone mulumbwana ule, koma palibe chomwe wanthu wale adakachita kuti amuthandize. Iwo “adagumana kuti Utiko wafa kale.” (Mac. 20:9) Koma patsogolo pake padachitika chinthu chinango chodabwisa. Paulo adadzithusa pa mulumbwana ule ndipo adauza gulu ya wanthu ire kuti: “Khalani chete ndawa yakuti anamoyo manje.” Pamwapa Paulo adamukisa Utiko!—Mac. 20:10.
3 Vomwe vidachitika ivi vikuwonesa kuti mzimu uchena wa Mulungu ni wamphanvu. Sikuti Paulo ndiye adachitisa kuti Utiko afe, koma olo nteno iye ambafunalini kuti impfa ya mulumbwana moyu isokoneze vomwe vimbachitika pa nthawe mwayire panango kuchitisa kuti munthu aliyese aleke kukhulupirira Yahova. Wanthu wa mu mpingo mumo adalimbikisiwa maninge ndipo enze okonzeka kupitiriza utumiki wawo ndawa yakuti Paulo adamukisa Utiko. Mwevi vinkuoneseratu kuti Paulo angakonda moyo wa wanthu wose. Vimwevi vinkutikumbusa mawu yake yakuti: “Nilibe mulandu wa magazi ya wanthu wose.” (Mac. 20:26) Naboni tikambirane momwe chitsanzo cha Paulo chingatithandizire pa nkhani mweyi.
Machitidwe 20:1, 2)
“Adanyamuka kuyenda ku Makedoniya” (4. Ko ni vinthu viponi vochitisa mantha vomwe vidachitikira Paulo?
4 Ninge mwatawonera mu msolo wapita ule, Paulo adagumana na vinthu vizinji vochitisa mantha. Wanthu adayambisa chipiringu ku Efeso ndawa ya utumiki wake, omwe adayambisa chipiringu mwechi enze amisiri okonza siliva omwe angagumana kobiri ndawa yokonza mafano yomwe angaphatisa basa potumikira Atemi. Lemba ya Machitidwe 20:1 ilewa kuti: “Chipiringu mwecho pachidamala Paulo adachemeresa opfunzira ndipo adawalimbikisa nkulawirana nawo ndipo adanyamuka kuyenda ku Makedoniya.”
5, 6. (a) Ko Paulo adakhala kwa nthawe ikulu tani ku Makedoniya ndipo adawachitira chani abale wakumoku? (b) Ko Paulo ambawaona tani Akhrisitu anzake?
5 Ali pa ulendo wake woyenda ku Makedoniya Paulo adayima pa ntsuwa ya Torowa ndipo adakhalapo kwa nthawe ikulu. Iye ambaganiza kuti agumane na Tito kumuku yemwe pa nthawe mweyi wenze adatumiziwa ku Korinto. (2 Akor. 2:12, 13) Pomwe Paulo adazindikira kuti Tito abwerelini adayenda ku Makedoniya ndipo panango adakhalako kwa gole ibodzi. Panthawe yose yomwe wenze kumuko adalimbikisa opfunzira na mawu yazinji.” a (Mac. 20:2) Patsogolo pake Tito adagumana na Paulo ku Makedoniya ndipo adamuuza nkhani yabwino yolewa va vomwe Akhrisitu wa ku Korinto adachita padatambira kalata yake yoyamba. (2 Akor. 7:5-7) Vimwevi vidachitisa kuti Paulo awanembere pomwe kalata inango yomwe manjeuno ichemerewa kuti 2 Akorinto.
6 Luka adaphatisa basa mawu yakuti “padawalimbikisa” komasoti yakuti “nkumbalimbikisa” pofotokoza vomwe abale adachita pochezera abale wa ku Efeso na ku Makedoniya. Mawu mwayo yenzedi yodekana pofotokoza momwe Paulo angawonera Akhrisitu anzake, Mosiyana na Afalisi omwe ambaona wanthu anango kukhala onyozeka, Paulo ambaona nkhosa za Mulungu ninge anyabasa anzake (Yoh. 7:47-49; 1 Akor. 3:9) Iye adapitiriza kuwona Akhrisitu anzake mwa njira mweyi olo pa nthawe yomwe angadikana kuwapasa malangizo ya mphanvu.—2 Akor. 2:4.
7. Ko onyang’anira wa Chikhrisitu ntsiku zino angamutewedzere tani Paulo?
7 Ntsiku zino akulu mu mpingo komasoti onyang’anira dera ayesesa kutewedzera Paulo. Olo akambadzudzula wanthu omwe aphonya cholinga chawo chikhala kuwalimbikisa. Onyang’anira ayesesa kubvesa momwe anango ankubvera ndipo ayasesa kuwalimbikisa m’malo mowaweruza. M’bale munango yemwe wakhala wonyang’anira dera kwa nthawe ikulu adati: “Abale na alongo wathu afunisisa kuchita vinthu vomwe ni vabwino, koma akwanisalini ndawa ya mantha, kukhumudwa komasoti ndawa ya kudziwona kuti angakwaniselini kuchita vinthu vomwe ni vabwino. Ndipomwapa onyang’anira achadekana kulimbikisa wanthu ninge mwawa.—Aheb. 12:12, 13.
Machitidwe 20:3, 4)
“Ambapangana kuti amuphe” (8, 9. (a) Nchani chomwe chidasokoneza ulendo wa Paulo woyenda ku Siriya? (b) Ndawa chani Ayuda ambamuzonda Paulo?
8 Padachoka ku Makedoniya, Paulo adayenda ku Korinto. b Padakhala kumoku kwa minyezi yatatu, iye angafunisisa kupitiriza ulendo wake woyenda ku Kenkereya komwe angafuna kuti akapakire barko yoyenda ku Siriya. Iye ambafuna kuti akachoka kumoku, ayende ku Yerusalemu kuti akapereke mphaso kwa abale obonera. c (Mac. 24:17; Aro. 15:25, 26) Koma padachitika vinthu vinango vosadikhirika vomwe vidachitisa kuti Paulo achinje maganizi. Bukhu ya Machitidwe 20:3 ilewa kuti: “ambapangana kuti amuphe”!
9 Ni vosadabwisa kuti Ayuda ambamuzonda Paulo ndawa yakuti ambamuona ninge munthu wampatuko. Vimwevi vikanati vachitika Kirisipo yemwe wenze wothembeka mu sunagoge ku Korinto adangena M’chikhrisitu ndawa ya ulaliki wa Paulo. (Mac. 18:7, 8; 1 Akor. 1:14) Pa nthawe inangopomwe Ayuda wa ku Korinto adamunamizira milandu Paulo nkukalewa kwa Galiyo governador wa dera ya Akaya. Koma Galiyo adauza Ayuda mwawa kuti, Paulo alibe mulandu uliwose ndipo—vimwevi vidawakalipisa maninge. (Mac. 18:12-17) Pomwe Paulo adakhala pang’ono kufika muthaundi ya Kenkereya kuti apakire barko Ayuda wa ku Korinto adadziwa vimwevi ndipo adamukonzera chiwembu kuti akamuphe akakafika muthaundi mweyi. Ko nchani chomwe Paulo adachita?
10. Ko vomwe Paulo adachita pochinja maganizo kuti aleke kuyenda ku Kenkereya vinkuonesa kuti wenze munthu wamantha? Fotokozani.
10 Pofuna kuteteza moyo wake komasoti mphaso zomwe adanyamula Paulo adachinja maganizo ndipo alibe kupitiriza kuyenda ku Kenkereya koma adabwerera ku Makedoniya. Iye adachita vimwevi olo kuti ulendo wa munsewu wenze wogopsya. Kawirikawiri m’misewu mumbakhala vigananga ndipo m’nyumba zogona alendo zenze zosatetezeka. Koma olo nteno, Paulo adasalula kuyenda ulendo wa pansewu podiya kuti adakagumana na mabvuto ninge mwaya, tikayalinganiza na mabvuto yomwe adagumana nayo ku Kenkereya. Ubwino wake ni wakuti Paulo wenzelini yekha pa ulendo moyu, anango mwa wanthu omwe enze naye ni Arisitako, Gayo, Sekundo, Sopaturo, Timoteyo, Terofimo na Tukiko.—Mac. 20:3, 4.
11. Ko Akhrisitu ayesesa kuchita vinthu viponi podziteteza, ndipo ni chitsanzo chiponi chomwe Yesu adatipasa pa nkhani mweyi?
11 Ninge Paulo, Akhirisitu ayesesa kudziteteza akakhala mu utumiki. M’madera yazinji iwo afamba m’magulu panango awiriawiri m’malo mwakuti aliyese ayende yekha. Koma ko iwo angadziteteze tani akambadzudziwa? Nishuwadi kuti Akhrisitu angapewelini akambadzudziwa. (Yoh. 15:20; 2 Tim. 3:12) Koma olo nteno, iwo angayesesa kupewa chirichose chomwe chingawabweresere mabvuto. Ganizirani chitsanzo cha Yesu. Pa nthawe inango ali ku Yerusalemu, wanthu womwe angamutsutsa nkachisi adayamba kulokota minyala kuti amuteme koma “Yesu adabishala nkubulamo nkachisi mule.” (Yoh. 8:59) Pa nthawe inango pomwe Ayuda ambafuna kumupha, “Yesu ambafambalini pomwe moonekera kwa Ayuda, koma adachoka kumuko nkuyenda dera inango kufupi na chipululu.” (Yoh. 11:54) Yesu angayesesa kuchita chirichose kuti adziteteze kuti akwanirise cholinga cha Yahova. Ntsiku zinombo Akhrisitu achatewedzera chitsanzo chimwechi.—Mat. 10:16.
“Adakodwa maninge” (Machitidwe 20:5-12)
12, 13. (a) Ko mpingo udabva tani pomwe Utiko adamukisaiwa? (b) Ko ni mpfundo iponi ya m’Baibolo yomwe ilimbikisa wale omwe abale wawo adafa?
12 Paulo na anzake wale adagwata mu chigawo cha Makedoniya ali pabodzi koma patsogolo pake vikuwoneka kuti iwo adasiyana. Pazidapita ntsiku zinganani vikuwoneka kuti wanthu mwawa adagumana pomwe ku Torowa. d Nkhani mweyi irewa kuti: “Tidawagumana ku Torowa pazidapita ntsiku 5.” e (Mac. 20:6) Ku Torowa ndiko komwe Paulo adamukisa mulumbwana ule Utiko, ninge momwe tawonera kumayambiliro kwa nkhani mweino. Ganizirani momwe abale na alongo adakhalira okondwa padawona kuti Utiko wamukisiwa. Mobverana na vomwe nkhani mweyi inkulewera, abale “adakondwa maninge.”—Mac. 20:12.
13 Ni shuwadi kuti ntsiku zino, vodabwisa ninge mwevi vichitikalini. Koma olo nteno, wanthu omwe abale wawo adafa alimbikisiwa ndawa ya vomwe Baibolo idapolomisa kuti adzamukisiwe. (Yoh. 5:28, 29) Kumbukirani kuti nkuyenda kwa nthawe Utiko adafa pomwe ndawa yakuti wenze alibe ungwiro. (Aro. 6:23) Koma wanthu omwe adzamukisiwe mu dziko inyowani yomwe Mulungu wapolomisa adzakwanise kukhala na moyo mpakana kalekale. Kuingiziramwapa wanthu womwe amukisiwe kuti akatonge pabodzi na Yesu kudzulu achapasiwa moyo womwe ungafelini. (1 Akor. 15:51-53) Akhrisitu ntsiku zino peno odzodzewa panango “wankhosa zinango” “alimbikisiwa maninge akaganizira va madaliso mwaya.”—Yoh. 10:16.
“Kupfunzisa pagulu komasoti nyumba na nyumba” (Machitidwe 20:13-24)
14. Ko Paulo adawauza chani Akulu padagumana nawo ku Mileto?
14 Paulo na anzake omwe angafamba naye wale, adachoka ku Torowa kuyenda ku Aso. Pomwe adachoka kumoku adayenda ku Mitilene ku Kiyo ku Samo komasoti ku Mileto. Cholinga cha Paulo, chenze chakuti akafike nthawe yabwino kuti akachite nawo chikondwerero cha Pentekosite. Mwevi vinkutithandiza kubvesa ndawa yake adapakira barko kulambalala thaundi ya Efeso, paulendo wake wobwerera ku Yerusalemu. Koma Paulo ambafuna kuti ayankhulane na akulu wa ku Efeso, ndipomwapa adawatumizira ntontholo kuti agumane naye ku Mileto. (Mac. 20:13-17) Akulu mwawa padafika, Paulo adawawuza kuti: “Imwepo munkudziwa bwino momwe ningachitira vinthu pa nthawe yomwe nenze namwe pabodzi, kuchokera ntsiku yomwe nidafika mu chigawo cha Ásia. Nimbatumikira Ambuya ninge kapolo modzichepesa maninge, komasoti mayesero yomwe nidagumana nayo ndawa ya viwembu va Ayuda. Koma olo nteno, niribe kukubisirani chirichose chothandiza ndipo niribe kukupfunzisani pagulu panango kumuyi kwanu. Koma nachitira umboni mokwana kwa Ayuda komasoti kwa Agiriki kuti ayambe kukhulupirira Ambuya wathu Yesu.”—Mac. 20:18-21.
15. Ko kulalikira nyumba na nyumba kunaphindu iponi?
15 Ntsiku zino tilalikira ntontholo wabwino kwa wanthu mu njira zosiyanasiyana. Ninge Paulo, tiyesesa kuyenda kumalo kosiyanasiyana komwe tingagumane wanthu, m’malo ninge kuparaje, munsewu panago ku bazali. Koma olo nteno, kulalikira nyumba na nyumba ni njira ikulu yomwe isepano wa Mboni za Yahova tiyiphatisa basa. Ndawa chani? Ndawa yakuti njira mweyi ipereka mwayi kwa wanthu wose kuti abve ntontholo wabwino wa Ufumu, ndipo vimwevi vichawonesa kuti Mulungu alibe tsankho. Njira mweyi ipereka pomwe mwayi kwa wanthu woona ntima kuti athandiziwe mwauzimu komasoti na momwe vinthu viriri pa moyo wawo. Kuyingizira mwapo, wanthu omwe alalikira nyumba na nyumba akhala na chikhulupiriro cholimba komasoti achapfunzira kupirira. Kulewa chaivo kulalikira “pagulu komasoti nyumba na nyumba” mwakhama ni chizindikiro cha Akhrisitu chaiwo ntsiku zino.
16, 17. Ko Paulo adaonesa tani kulimba ntima, ndipo Akhrisitu ntsiku zino angamutewedzere tani?
16 Paulo adawuza akulu kuti ambadziwalini mabvuto yomwe akagumane nayo akakafika ku Yerusalemu. Olo kuti venze teno, adawauza pomwe kuti: “Koma nikuonalini kuti moyo wangu ni wofunika maninge kwa inepano.” Chomwe ninkufuna ni chakuti nimalize kuthamanga mpikisano moyu, komasoti kuti “nimalize utumiki womwe nidautambira kwa Ambuya Yesu. Nindofuna kuchitira umboni mokwanira va ntontholo wabwino wa kukoma ntima kukulu kwa Mulungu.” (Mac. 20:24) Paulo wenze wolimba ntima ndipo ambabvumalini kuti mabvuto ninge matenda panango kudzudziwa vimukangise kuchita utumiki wake.
17 Ntsiku zinombo, Akhrisitu agumana na mabvuto yosiyanasiyana, anango ali m’madziko yomwe alambiza kutumikira Mulungu ndipo adzudziwa. Anango ankupirira matenda yakulu panango ankushupika na maganizo. Alumbwana wa Chikhrisitu ku shikola agwebana na mabvuto yazinji, ndawa yakuti anzawo awakakamiza panango kuwanyengerera kuti achite vinthu voipa. Ninge Paulo wa Mboni za Yahova, apitiriza kukhala olimba akagumana na mabvuto, iwo ni otsimikiza na ntima wose kupitiriza “kuchitira umboni mokwana va ntontholo wabwino.”
“Mumbadzinyang’anire mwekha komasoti kusamalira gulu yose ya nkhosa” (Machitidwe 20:25-38)
18. Ko Paulo adachita chani kuti aleke kukhala na mulandu wa magazi, ndipo akulu wa ku Efeso adakamutewedzera tani?
18 Patsogolo pake, Paulo adapereka malangizo yosayenda m’mbali kwa akulu wa ku Efeso ndipo adawauza kuti iye adawapasa chitsanzo. Koma choyamba, iye adawawuza kuti panango adzamuonelini pomwe. Patsogolo pake adawawuza kuti “Inepano niribe mulandu wa magazi ya wanthu wose ndawa yakuti nidakuuzani malangizo yose ya Mulungu.” Ko akulu wa ku Efeso adakatewedza tani chitsanzo cha Paulo kuti apewe kukhala na mulandu wa magazi? “Iye adawawuza kuti mumbadzinyag’ananire mwekha komasoti kusamalira gulu yose ya nkhosa yomwe mzimu uchena wakuikhani kuti mumbazinyang’anire, kuti mubuse mpingo wa Mulungu womwe adaugula na magazi ya mwana wake chaiye.” (Mac. 20:26-28) Koma olo nteno Paulo adawachenjeza kuti wanthu omwe ali ninge “mphumphi” adzangene pakati pa nkhosa ndipo adzayambe “kuyankhula vinthu vophonyeka kuti azipatuse nakuti ziwapatuse.” Ko akulu mwawa ambafunika kuchita chani? Paulo adawawuza kuti “khalani maso” ndipo mumbakumbukire kuti “kwa magole yatatu usiku na masikati, niribe kuleka kuchenjeza aliyese payekha uku ninkulira.”—Mac. 20:29-31.
19. Ko padayambika mpatuko uponi mu nthawe ya atumi, ndipo mpatuko moyu udayambisa chani payadapita magole yazinji?
19 “Mphumphi” zomwe talewa zile zidayamba kuwonekera ku mapeto kwa nthawe ya atumi. Mu 98 EC, ntumi Yohani adanemba kuti: “Manjeuno wolamba Khrisitu azinji ankuwonekera . . . amwawo adachoka pagulu yathu, koma enzelini mugulu yathu, ndawa adakati enze mugulu yathu, adakapitiriza kukhala na isepano.” (1 Yoh. 2:18, 19) Pofika mu gole ya 200 EC wanthu wampatuko adayambisa vakuti matchetchi yomwe yalewa kuti ni ya Chikhrisitu mumbakhale kagulu ka atsogoleri ndipo pofika mu gole ya ma 300 EC mpfumu Constantini idabvumiza vakuti Chikhrisitu chabodza mwechi, chikhale chipembedzo chaboma. Patsogolo pake atsogoleri wachipembedzo adangenesa miyambo yachikunja mu Chikhrisitu ndipo ambalewa kuti miyambo mwayo ni yobvumizika. Vomwe adachita vidaoneseratu kuti iwo ambayankhuladi vinthu vophonyeka. Mpakana ntsiku zino miyambo yomwe yadayamba ndawa ya mpatuko moyu yankugumanika m’matchetchi yomwe yalewa kuti ni ya Chikhrisitu.
20, 21. Ko Paulo adawonesa tani ntima wobvuma kubonerera anango, ndipo akulu wa Chikhrisitu ntsiku zino agamutewedzere tani?
20 Moyo wa Paulo, wenze wosiyana maninge na moyo wa wanthu anango omwe adayamba kutsogolera mpingo, omwe ambandochitira chinyengo nkhosa. Paulo ambaphata basa kuti agumane yekha vofunika pa moyo wake na cholinga chakuti aleke kukhala ntolo kwa Akhrisitu mu mpingo. Vomwe Paulo angachita mu mpingo pothandiza abale, ambavichitalini na cholinga chakuti agumane phindu neye. Ndipomwapa, iye adalimbikisa abale wa mu mpingo wa ku Efeso kuti abvume kubonerera anango. Iye adawauza kuti: “Mumbathandize ofoka ndipo mumbakumbukire mawu ya Ambuya Yesu. Pale iye adati: ‘Kupasa kutichitisa kukhala okondwa maninge kuposha kutambira.’”—Mac. 20:35.
21 Ninge Paulo, akulu wa Chikhrisitu anantima wobonerera anango. Iwo adziwa kuti anaudindo ‘wobusa mpingo wa Mulungu’ ndipo achita vimwevi mwakufuna kwawo mosiyana maninge na atsogoleri wa matchetchi omwe alewa kuti ni Akhrisitu omwe achitira vinthu viribe chilungamo nkhosa zawo. Akhrisitu mu mpingo afunikalini kukhala omeka panango odzikuza, ndawa yakuti munthu akambadzifunira yekha ‘ulemerelo,’ pamapeto pake vinthu vimufambiralini bwino. (Miy. 25:27) Munthu akambadzikuza mapeto yake achita manyazi.—Miy. 11:2.
“Wose adalira maninge.”—Machitidwe 20:37
22. Ndawa chani akulu wa ku Efeso ambamukonda maninge Paulo?
22 Abale angamukonda maninge Paulo, ndawa yakuti iyembo ambawakonda kuchokera pasi pa ntima. Ni vosadabwisa kuti nthawe yakuti asiyane na abale mwawa, “wose adalira maninge. Patsogolo pake adamukumbatira Paulo nkumubejali mwachikondi.” (Mac. 20:37, 38) Ntsiku zinombo Akhrisitu atembeja kumasoti akonda maninge wanthu omwe ali ninge Paulo, adzipereka kuti atumikire nkhosa mwakufuna kwawo. Pomwe mwaona chitsanzo chabwino chomwe Paulo adawonesa, ko munkudawikizalini kuti ambadzikuzalini panango kunyanyira pambalewa kuti: “Niribe mulandu wa magazi ya wanthu wose”?—Mac. 20:26.
a Onani bokosi yakuti: “ Makalata yomwe Paulo adanemba ali ku Makedoniya” pa tsamba 190.
b Vinkuoneka kuti Paulo adanemba kalata yoyenda kwa Aroma pa nthawe mweyi yomwe wenze ku Korinto.
c Onani bokosi yakuti: “ Paulo adayenda kukapereka mphaso zothandizira wanthu obonera,” pa tsamba 193.
d Pa Machitidwe 20:5, 6 Luka adaphatisa basa mawu yakuti “ambatidikhirira” komasoti yakuti “tidawagumana” yomwe yankuonesa kuti wenze pabodzi na Paulo. Vingachitike kuti enze adagumana pomwe na Paulo ku Filipi ndawa yakuti Paulo wenze adamusiya mu thaundi mweyi.—Mac 16:10-17, 40.