Ndawa chani tichadekana chidikhiro?

KO DANIEL, yemwe ambadwala matenda ya khansa, yemwe tamufokoza mu nkhani yapita ire, kwenze kuti adataya chidikhiro kwenze vinthu vidamufambira tani? Ko adakachira matenda ya khansa mwayo? Ko sembe anamoyo mpakana pano? Olo wanthu wogogomezera maninge ubwino wa chidikhiro anganenelini kuti adakachita teno. Ndipo pamwapa pagona mpfundo yodikana maninge, mpfundo yakuti tichadekanalini kufotokoza monyanyira maninge ubwino wa chidikhiro. Chidikhiro ni mankwalalini yopolesa bvuto iriyose.

Podawira mibvunzo yomwe wa m’bungwe wofalisa nkhani wa ku Columbia Broadcasting System ambamubvunza, Dr. Nathan Cherney adachenjeza kuti kufotokoza va ubwino wa chidikhiro kungadzonge wodwala womwe matenda yawapanikiza maninge. Iye adalewa kuti “tawonako amuna akunena akazi wawo kuti afulumiza kutaya chidikhiro.” Dr. Cherney adapitiriza kuti: “Maganizo mwaya yachitisa wanthu kumbaona kuti matenda yawo yangachepe peno ankutayalini chidikhiro, manje matenda ayo yakambakula anango aganiza kuti ndiye kuti wodwala uyo akufulumiza kutaya chidikhiro, koma kumuko nkuphonya.”

Chaivo vake ni vakuti wanthu womwe ankudwala matenda yakulu maninge, ashupika nayo maninge matenda mwakuti ni bwinolini kuti kuyingizira pa vimwevi ise womwe tiwakonda timbachitise kuti ambadziyimbe mulandu. Manje tinganene kuti chidikhiro chilibe basa?

Ayi tinganenelini tene. Mwakulinganiza, enfermeiro watatomola ule ni shasha wa chithandizo chosalimbana na matenda panango kutalimphisa moyo wa wodwala, koma kundothandiza kuti moyo wake ukhale wabwinoko pa nthawe yose yomwe ankudwala. Ma enfermeiro ya tene, yachawona kuti chithandizo chokhazika pasi maganizo ya odwala, olo pomwe matenda yawapanikiza maninge ni chothandiza maninge. Panaumboni uzinji wowonesa kuti chidikhiro ni chothandiza mu njira mweyi komasoti munjira zinango zizinji.

Momwe chidikhiro chichathandizira

Jornalista munango yemwe adalemba nkhani za matenda, dzina yake Dr.  W. Gifford-Jones. Adati: “Chidikhiro ni mankhwala yamphanvu maninge.” Iye adawerenga makafukufuku yosiyanasiyana yomwe yadachitiwa pakufuna kudziwa ubwino wolimbikisa wanthu womwe ankudwala matenda yakulu. Adanena kuti vimwevi viwathandiza kuti ayi kuti ambataye chidikhiro. Padafagafaga mu gole ya 1989 adagumana kuti wodwala omwe adathandiziwa mu njira mweyi ambakhala na moyo utaliko, koma padafufuza manjemanjepa alibe kugumana mpfundo iliyose yotsimikizira vimwevi. Koma vinango vomwe wakhala ankufagafaga vatsimikizira kuti wodwala womwe achalimbikisiwa ashupikalini maganizo komasoti achabva lini kuwawa ninge wodwala anango.

Ganizirani soti va kafukufuku munango wofotokoza va kukhala na chidikhiro na kusakhala na chidikhiro kungabveranirane na mitsempha ya kumtima. Amuna wokwana 1300 adawonesesa kwa nthawe itali kuti adziwe peno achakonda kuluza chidikhiro mwa kankulumize panango neye. Payadapita magole 10 padagumanika amuna woposha 12 pa 100 aliwose pa gulu mwaire adadwala matenda ya ntima. Ndipo pa gulo ya omwe adadwala, amuna womwe wenze alibe chidikhiro wenze azinji maninge kuposha wale womwe ambaluzalini chidikhiro chawo mwa kankulumize. Laura Kubzansky, yemwe ni ticha wothandizira pa nkhani ya kushipitali na makhalidwe ya wanthu ku Harvard School of Public Health, adalewa kuti: “Umboni chaiwo wotsimikizira kuti ‘kuleka kuluza chidikhiro’ kuthandiza pa thanzi ya munthu ni wotsimikiziriwalini na wasayantsi. Koma kafukufuku watachita uyu, pakuyamba padagumanika umboni chaiwo wa wanthu wa sayansi wakuti kuleka kuluza chidikhiro kuchathandiza munthu akambadwala matenda ya mitsempha ya kuntima.”

Wofagafaga anango adagumana kuti wanthu womwe achadziona kuti alibe thanzi yabwino apolalini mwa kankulumize akachitiwa operasau kusiyana na wanthu womwe adziwona kuti anathanzi yabwino. Iwo achati, kuleka kuluza chidikhiro kuchathandiza pomwe kuti munthu akhale na moyo utali. Pa kafukufuku munango, wanthu ambafuna kudziwa momwe wachikulire achabvera pa nkhani ya kukalamba peno achakuona kuti ni kwabwino panango ni koipa. Wanthu anango wachikulire padawachitisa kuti ambaone mawu mu kanthawe kadikidiki yowonesa kuti kukalamba kuchaonesa nzeru na kukhuma m’maganizo, wachikulire mwawo adayamba kufamba mwa mphanvu. Mphanvu zomwe adagumana zenze zolingana na zomwe adakakagumana achimbachita masenzeka yolimbisa thupi kwa masondo 12!

Ko ndawa chani vinthu ninge chidikhiro, kusataya mtima na maganizo yabwino vichaoneka kuti vichatipasa thanzi ya bwino? Panango wa sayantsi na ma enfermeiro yangatiuzelini ndawiro wotsimikizirika wa mbvunzo moyu ndawa achabvesalini bwinobwino momwe maganizo na thupi ya munthu vichaphatira basa. Koma akatswiri watene womwe afagafaga nkhani mweyi angakwanise kufotokoza maganizo yawo ninge wanthu womwe ankudziwa bwino nkhani mweyi. Mwakulinganiza ticha munango wowona va ulupi adati panango ndawa yakuti: “Tichabva bwino nthupi tikakhala wokondwa komasoti wosataya mtima. Tikambabva tene tikhalalini na nkhawa iriyose, ndipo thupi yathu ichakondwa. Chibodzi mwa vinthu vinango vomwe wanthu angachite kuti akhale wa thanzi ni chimwechi.”

Ma enfermeiro, akatswiri wa maganizo ya wanthu, na wa sayantsi mwezi angaziwone ninge nzeru za manjemanje, koma ni nzerulini za manjemanje kwa wopfunzira Baibolo. Kwa magole pafupifupi 3000 kumbuyo, Mpfumu yanzeru Solomo idawuziriwa kunemba mawu aya: ‘Ntima wokondwa ni mankhwala yopolesa, koma mtima wophwanyika uchawolesa mabondzo.’ (Miyambo 17:22) Onani kuti lemba mweyi indokomeseralini nkhani mweyi. Inkunenalini kuti ntima wokondwa ungakwanise kupolesa matenda yaliyose koma indoti ‘ni mankhwala yopolesa.’

Ndipo, nkuphonyalini kubvunza kuti ko chidikhiro chidakakhala kuti ni mankhwala, alipo mfulumero yemwe adakaleka kunembera mankhwala yake wanthu wodwala? Komasoti chidikhiro chichathandiza mu njira inango yothandiza maninge kuposha kundokhala na thanzi yabwino.

Momwe kukhala na chidikhiro na kusakhala na chidikhiro kuchakhudzira moyo wanu

Wofufudza waona kuti wanthu womwe achatayalini chidikhiro aphindula maninge ndawa ya maganizo ya tene. Nthawe zizinji achita bwino kushikola, kubasa na pa masenzeka. Mwakulinganiza, gulu inango ya atsikana idachita kafukufuku pa nkhani ya masenzeka yosiyanasiyana. Wochitisa thereni wa mu gulu mweyo, adafotokoza vose vokhudza maluso ya atsikana mwawo pa masenzeka mwayo. Komasoti, ntsikana aliyese adamubvunza bwinobwino payekha kuti adziwe kuti anachidikhiro chotani. Kudagumanika kuti chinthu chothandiza maninge kuti atsikana mwawo ambasenzeke bwino chenze chidikhiro chawo osati maluso yanango yose yomwe wowatherenesa adatomola. Ko ndawa chani chidikhiro chichathandiza maninge tene?

Pana vizinji vomwe vadziwika pofagafaga vomwe vichitika tikataya chikhiro. Padafagafaga nkhani mweyi cha m’ma 1960, adabukira vodabwisa pa khalidwe ya nyama, vomwe vidachitisa kuti pabwere mawu yakuti “kutaya ntima kochita kupfunzira.” Patsogolo pake adagumana kuti wanthu angakwanise pomwe kukhala na bvuto mweyi. Mwakulinganiza, pakufuna kutsimikiza vimwevi adatenga wanthu nkuwayika pa malo ya zungo yoboola m’matu. Padawauza kuti anganyamalise zungo iyo potinya mabatani yanango, wanthu mwawo adakwanisa kunyamalisa zungo mweyo.

Gulu inango ya wanthu idauziwa kuchita chibodzibodzi, koma wanthu mwawo akatinya mabatani mwayo palibe chomwe chimbachitika. Ni vosadabwisa kuti wanthu azinji pa gulu mweyi adafika pakutaya mtima na kuona kuti zungo inkumalalini. Patsogolo pake padawayesa pomwe wanthu mwawo adachita ulesi mwakuti alibe kunyamalisa zungo mweyo. Iwo wenze adawona kuti palibe chirichose chomwe angachiteko kuti zungo ire imale. Koma olo mu gulu ya chiwiri mweyi, wanthu wosataya mtima alibe kuchita ulesi nkuleka kuyesa yesa.

Dr. Martin Seligman, womwe adathandiza kugumana njira yofagirafagira pa kafukufuku woyamba ule adakhudziwa mtima maninge na vomwe adagumana pa basa yofagafaga momwe kutaya ntima kuchakhudzira wanthu mwakuti adasandusa kukhala basa yake chaiyo. Iye adafagafaga mosamala va momwe wanthu omwe ambakonda kudziwona ngati wokangira achaganizira. Iye adagumana kuti kutaya ntima kwa tene kusokoneza wanthu kuchita vinthu vizinji pa moyo panango ku wakangisiratu kuchita vinthu bwinobwino. Pakunenako mwachigwato va kutaya chikhiro kumuku Seligman Adati: “Panidafufudza nkhani mweyi kwa magole 25 natsimikiza kuti peno nthawe zizinji maganizo yathu ni yolingana na maganizo ya wanthu wosachedwa kutaya chidikhiro, pakumbaganiza kuti vinthu vikandophonyeka ndiye kuti wophonya ndise, komasoti kuti vipitirize kukhala teno, ndiye kuti vingakwanise kusokoneza vochita vathu vose, chichachika nchakuti tigumanadi na voshupa maninge kusiyana na vomwe tidakagumana navo.”

Kwa anango, vimwevi pomwe vingawoneke ninge ni vamanjemanje, koma ni vachirendolini maninge kwa wanthu wopfunzira Baibolo. Wonani mwambi uyu: ‘Ukafoka pa ntsiku ya matsautso, mphamvu zako zidzakhale zochepa.’ (Miyambo 24:10) Inde, Baibolo ichafotokoza mobveka bwino kuti mukafoka ndawa ya maganizo, mudzakhale wolefuka. Manje ko mungachitetani kuti muleke kumbataya mtima mwakankulumize koma mumbakhale na chidikhiro pa moyo wanu?

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Chidikhiro chingakuthandizeni maninge kuti mumbachite vinthu va bwino