Mutapu Twashikena Kwikal ni Bibil

Kupand kwa Bibil kushik ni nlel unou chid kamu chilay. Bibil apwisha kumufund kwasut kal mivu piswimp 1 900. Amufunda pa yom yikata kusheshik ap kwapok​—mud mapaper ma mishij ni yikit ya annam​—ni mifund ya kusambish ayifunda mu mazu makadiau antu kulond nlel. Chikwau kand, amakundj amwing a usu, mud ant ajim ap antakel a marelijon, asala usu nakash mulong wa kujiyish Bibil.

MUTAPU ik wapanday buku winou mu kusut kwa mivu ni kushiken kwikal buku wijikena nakash? Shinshikin kwey yilakej yaad.

Kuvudish Makopi Kwapandisha Mifund

Mulong in Isarel adinga atufung a mifund ya kusambish ya Bibil, alama nawamp mivungur ni kuyivudish mu makopi mavud. Chilakej, mwant wa in Isarel amulejang “kufund ni kushemunin yijil yiney mudi ya mu mukand wa in kupesh, awiy kamu in Levi.”​—Kuvurik Yijil 17:18.

In Isarel avud ading akatin kutang Mifund ni ading ij anch diawiy Dizu dia Nzamb. Chawiy, mudimu wa kukopiril mifund ausalang nich utotombu nakash kud in kufund akweta ukaliweny. Mwin kufund umwing wamwovang Nzamb wom wading Esidera ni amulejen anch wading “mwin kufund wileja nakash Yijil ya Moses yamwinkishau kudi [Yehova] Nzamb wa in Isarel.” (Esidera 7:6) Amasoret awiy akopirila Mifund ya Hebereu, yitazukinau kand anch “Manswik Makur,” pakach pa mivu ya 501-1000 C.C., ni achindang mamuny mawonsu mulong wa kwipuk yilim. Kukopiril kwinoku kwa utotombu kwakwasha kwikal nich kashinsh ka yom yafundau ni kwapandisha kand Bibil amwinend ap anch amurishikisha ni kumupompat chakwel amujiyisha kud akankuny.

Chilakej, mu muvu wa 168 K.C.C., Nyikel wa Siri, Antiochus IV wapakisha kujiyish makopi mawonsu ma Mifund ya Hebereu yafanyinay kutan mwi ngand ya Palestin mwawonsu. Rusangu rumwing ra in Yuda rilejen anch: “Apola ni kwosh muvungur wawonsu wa chijil watanau.” Buku umwing (The Jewish Encyclopedia) ulondin anch: “Amasalay inkau mbil jinej asala nich chisum nakash . . . Chading chifanyidin kumujip . . . muntu watanangau nich buku utumbila.” Pakwez makopi ma Mifund mapanda mwi ngand ya Palestin pakach pa in Yuda ni kud adinga ashicha mu jingand jikwau.

Mivu yikemp kupwa kwa kupwish kufund Mifund ya Grek ya win Kristu, ap “Manswik Masu,” makopi minam mading makweta mikand yapepilau, mauprofet ni jinsangu jakin masambisha kupalangan nakash. Chilakej, Yohan wafundina Evanjil wend mu Efes ap piswimp ni Efes. Pakwez, in manangu alejen anch chikunku cha Evanjil winou chakopirilau achitana kulemp nakash, mu Idjibit, kwading kand kal kusuta ap mivu 50 kudiosh kwapwishinay Yohan kufund Evanjil mwawonsu. Kujingunin kwinoku kumekeshin anch in Kristu adinga mu jingand ja kulemp ading akwet makopi ma mifund yapepilau ap anch pasuta kwau chisu chikemp kudiosh papwishinau kuyifund

Kupalangan swa kwa Dizu dia Nzamb kwakwasha kand Bibil kupand mu yitot ya mivu kupwa kwa rufu ra Yesu. Chilakej, alejen anch machuku ma ngond 23 Ngond wa 2, muvu wa 303 C.C., Mwant wa Rom Dioclétien wayimana amasalay end akat kuzakul yis ya egliz ni kwosh makopi ma Mifund. Dioclétien watonga anch ukutwish kujiyish win Kristu mu kwosh mifund yitumbila. Chikwacha, wapana mbil ya kwoshin pibur makopi mawonsu ma Bibil madia mwi ngand yend. Pakwez makopi mapanda ni amabudisha kand. Yikunku yaad ya makopi ma Bibil yakarumunau mu Grek kupwa kwa Dioclétien kusambish rupompat yidiaku kushik ni nlel unou. Chikunku chimwing chid mu Rom; chikwau chid mu Londres mwi ngand ya Angleter ku British Library.

Ap anch nlel unou tukwetap maniskri ap umwing wa Bibil wafundau wa kusambish, pakwez tukwet makopi mafundau ku makas ma Bibil wa kabuj ap tuyikunku twend. Ma maniskri mamwing mad makur nakash. Ov, uruu wadinga mu mifund ya kusambish waswimpa mulong aukopirila? Mwin kwilej yom ya Bibil William Henry Green ulondin piur pa Mifund ya Hebereu anch: “Tukutwish kulond nich kashinsh anch kwikil mikand yikwau yafundau pasak yatushikena djat ni nlel nich win yakin mwamu.” Piur pa Mifund ya Grek ya win Kristu, ntakel umwing utadina milong ya ma maniskri ma Bibil, Sir Frederic Kenyon, wafunda anch: “Kulep kudia pakach pa chisu chafundau mifund ya kusambish ni chisu chakopirilau Mifund yikur tukweta nlel kud kukemp nakash ni kudiap kamu kwa usey, chawiy kwikil kand diyingishin dia kwidjidjek anch Mifund tukweta nlel yatushikenap mud mutapu wayifundau pasak. Mwamu, win kashinsh ni kushinshaman kwawonsu kwa mabuku madia mu Manswik Masu kud kamu kwakin.” Uwejidinaku kand anch: “Kudiap kupandakesh anch twalond anch mifund ya Bibil yid yakin . . . . Tukutwishap kulond mwamu piur pa buku mukwau ap umwing wa pakur udia mu mangand.”

Kukarumun Bibil

Chom cha kaad chakwasha niyau chakwel Bibil ikala buku wijikena nakash mwamu chid anch udiaku mu mazu mavud nakash. Chom chinech chitanijadin nich chitongijok cha Nzamb chimekeshina anch antu a michid yawonsu ni a jindim jawonsu afanyidin kumwijik ni kumwifukwil “nich spiritu ni uyakin.”​—Yohan 4:23, 24; Mike 4:2.

Dikarumun dia kusambish dia Mifund ya Hebereu aditazukin anch Septante ni adikarumuna mu dizu dia Grek. Adisala mulong wa in Yuda ading alondina Grek ni ading ashicha pol pa ngand ya Palestin, ni adipwisha kudikarumun mivu piswimp yitot yaad kupwa kwa Yesu kusal mudimu wend panap pansh. Bibil wa kabuj, kuwejaku ni Mifund ya Grek ya win Kristu, amukarumuna ma mazu mavud kupwa kwau kwa yitot ya mivu yikemp. Pakwez mu kusut kwa chisu, ant ni in kupesh ading afanyidina kusal usu wawonsu chakwel antu awonsu ikala nich Bibil awiy asala chinyim ni chinech. Asala usu nakash wa kuyilamin amikoku au mu mididim ya mu spiritu mu kukangesh kukarumun Dizu dia Nzamb mu mazu malondinau antu avud.

Ap anch ayirishikisha kud Egliz ni kud Mburamatad, pakwez amakundj atakamena ateka mwom yau mu ubaj mulong wa kukarumun Bibil mu mazu malondinau antu avud. Chilakej, mu muvu wa 1530, ikundj umwing mwin English utazukinau anch William Tyndale wilejina ku Oxford, wabudisha mukand wa Pentatek, mikand yitan ya kusambish ya Mifund ya Hebereu. Ap anch amupompata, pakwez wikala muntu wa kusambish kukarumun Bibil kudiosh mu Hebereu kutwal kapamp kamwing mu English. Tyndale wading kand mwin kukarumun mwin English wa kusambish wasadina dijin Yehova. Mwin kwilej milong ya Bibil wa ngand ya Espany utazukinau anch Casiodoro de Reina, akimba kumujip tupamp tuvud kud in Katolik ading amupompatina chisu chading chisadinay usu wa kukarumun Bibil wend wa kusambish mu dizu dia Espanyol. Wendagana mu jingand kushalijan mud mu Angleter, mu Alemany, mu Frans, mu Hollande ni mu Suisse mulong wa kupwish mudimu wend wa kukarumun. *

Nlel unou, Bibil adandamedin kumukarumun mu mazu mavud nakash, ni mamiliyon ma makopi mend akat kumabudish. Mulong Bibil wapanda ni wikala buku wijikena nakash kud antu, chinech chimekeshin kamu uyakin wa mazu mamupepilau kambuy Pita kufund anch: “Masuku makat kuum, yisalamb yikat kuruk, pakwez dizu dia [Yehova] dishiching chikupu.”—1 Pita 1:24, 25.

[Dizu didia Kwishin kwa paj]

 [Mutu wa mulong udia pa paj wa 14]

DIKARUMUN IK NIFANYIDINA KUTANG?

Mazu mavud makwet makarumun ma Bibil kushalijan. Mamwing makasiken kutesh ni masadidin mazu makur. Makwau makarumwin kwau kurumburik kwa yom, makasikeshin kwau pa kuman anch yiswapel kutesh pa ndond pa kwijik anch yikarumwinau yid yakin. Pakwez makwau niyau makarumwin kamu dizu ku dizu.

Dikarumun dia English dia Les Saintes Écritures—Traduction du monde nouveau, diabudishau kud Atuman a Yehova, adikarumuna kapamp kamwing kudiokal ku mazu ma kusambish kud komite wa antu akad kujimbul majin mau. Dikarumun dined adisadidin mulong wa kukarumun ma Bibil makwau mu mazu piswimp 60. Pakwez in kukarumun mu mazu makwau ilikeja ni yom yidia mu mazu ma kusambish. In kukarumun a Traduction du monde nouveau akarumuna dizu ku dizu yom yidia mu mazu ma kusambish anch kusal mwamu kukangeshinap kwovikesh kurumburik kwa yom. In kukarumun asala usu chakwel in kutang Bibil nlel amutesha nawamp mud mwamuteshau kudi in kumutang a pasak.

In kwilej mazu amwing ashinshikina makarumun ma katat ma Bibil​—kuwejaku ni Traduction du monde nouveau​—mulong wa kuman yilakej ya kuburen win kashinsh ni yitongijok yimedina pa relijon. Umwing wa pakach pau ud Jason David BeDuhn, udia profeser nkwash mu yom ya relijon ku Universite wa kwiyand kwa Arizona mu États-Unis. Mu muvu wa 2003, wabudisha dilejan dimwing dia ma paj 200 pakach pa malejan chidivu piur pa “ma Bibil masadidinau nakash kud antu alondina dizu dia English pa mangand.” * Dilejan diend diashinshikina maverse mavud ma Bibil maletina ntad piur pa mutapu wa kumakarumun, mulong mwawiy “mukwatikeshinau in kukarumun yom nich yitiyij ya relijon wau.” Verse mwawonsu, wamwilikejang ni mifund ya Grek ni mutapu uyikarumwinau mu ma Bibil ma English, ni wakimba pisu paswimpinau in kukarumun mulong wa kukwatakesh yom nich yitiyij yau ya chirelijon. Washikena ku kujingunin ik?

BeDuhn ulondin anch antu avud a mwinshin ni in kwilej milong ya Bibil atongin anch kushalijan kudia mu Traduction du monde nouveau (NWT) kudiokil kud in kukarumun mulong wa kukat kulamat ku yitiyij yau ya relijon. Pakwez ulondin anch: “Kushalijan kuvud kud mulong NWT ukarumwin mu mutapu wa win kashinsh nakash ni mazu ma original amakarumwin dizu ku dizu nich nkeu nakash.” Ap anch BeDuhn kitiyap yikunku yimwing ya Traduction du monde nouveau, pakwez ulondin anch dikarumun dined “dikwet win kashinsh nakash mu kwilikej ni makarumun makwau.” Uditazukin anch did “dikarumun diwamp nakash” dia Bibil.

Dokter Benjamin Kedar, mwin Hebereu ukata kwilej yom ya Bibil, walonda niyend yom ya mutapu umwing piur pa Traduction du monde nouveau. Mu muvu wa 1989 walonda anch: “Mudimu winou umekeshin kamu usu wakin wasadinau mulong wa kushiken ku ronganyin rakin ra mifund . . . . Kand kal nimanap mu Traduction du monde nouveau yitongijok yimedina pa relijon yakad kukwatijan ni mifund.”

Iyipula anch: ‘Chom ik chimbachikina kutang Bibil? Ov, nikatin dikarumun diswapela kutesh pakwez diakad kwikal diakin? Ap ov, nikatin kutang yitongijok yimekeshina kamu mazu mapepilau pa kusambish?’ (2 Pita 1:20, 21) Chitongijok chey chikukukwash kwijik dikarumun ik ufanyidina kutond.

[Dizu didia Kwishin kwa paj]

[Chipich]

Les Saintes Écritures—Traduction du monde nouveau” udiaku mu mazu mavud

[Chipich chidia pa paj wa 12, 13]

 Mamaniskri ma in masoret

[Chipich chidia pa paj wa 13]

Chikunku cha muvungur mudia Luka 12:7, “. . . kangal wovany wom; en ukwetany usey uvud kuyipandakanamu amiswesu avud”

[Chipich chidia pa paj wa 13]

Foreground page: National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg; second and third: Bibelmuseum, Münster; background: © The Trustees of the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin