Ni ryari wovuga ko ibifungurwa vyakuziraniye canke vyakuguye nabi?
Emily: “Natanguye kwiyumva nabi nca ndahagarika gufungura. Numvise ndiko ndasasatwa mu kanwa, ururimi ruca ruravyimba. Naratanguye kugira ibizunguzungu, biranka ko mpema neza. Naciye mfurutirwa ku maboko no kw’izosi. Naragerageje kuguma ntekanye ariko nari nzi ko ntegerezwa kuja kwa muganga, kandi mu maguru masha!”
KURI benshi, gufungura ni ikintu gihimbaye. Ariko hari ababona ibifungurwa bimwebimwe nk’umwansi. Nk’ukwo kwa Emily, baraziranirwa n’ibifungurwa. Ivyo bintu vyashikiye Emily ni ukuziranirwa gukaze (choc anaphylactique), ikaba ari ingorane ikomeye cane. Ikinezereje ni uko benshi mu baziranirwa n’ibifungurwa badashika kuri urwo rugero.
Muri iyi myaka iheze, igitigiri c’abantu bavuga ko hari ibifungurwa bibaziranira canke bibagwa nabi carongerekanye. Yamara rero, ivyigwa vyagizwe vyerekana ko bake cane mu bavuga ko hari ibifungurwa bibaziranira ari bo bafise iyo ngorane vy’ukuri.
Ukuziranirwa n’ibifungurwa biterwa n’iki?
Icegeranyo casohowe n’umugwi w’abahinga wari urongowe na muganga Jennifer J. Schneider Chafen kivuga ko abahinga badahuza ku bijanye n’ibitera iyo ngorane. Ariko ntiwumve, abahinga benshi bavuga ko iyo ngorane iterwa canecane n’abasoda b’umubiri.
Ukuziranirwa n’ibifungurwa kanaka ahanini biterwa n’indemamubiri (protéine) iba iri muri vyo. Abasoda b’umubiri baba bikanze ko iyo ndemamubiri ari mbi. Igihe indemamubiri kanaka yinjiye mu mubiri, umubiri urashobora guca uhingura abasoda bitwa immunoglobuline E kugira bivune uwo mwansi. Umuntu asubiye kurya ivyo bifungurwa, ba basoda barashobora guca barekura ubumara butandukanye, harimwo n’ubwitwa histamine.
Mu bihe bisanzwe, histamine irafasha gukingira umubiri. Ariko rero, bivuye ku mvo zitazwi neza, igihe umubiri wamaze guhingura abo basoda (immunoglobuline E), na bo bagaca barekura bwa bumara bwitwa histamine, bica bituma umuntu aziranirwa.
Ni co gituma bishika umuntu akarya ibifungurwa ari ryo rya mbere ntihagire ico aba, ariko asubiye kubirya agaca aziranirwa.
Bigenda gute ngo ibifungurwa bigwe nabi umuntu?
Igihe ibifungurwa biguye nabi umuntu, birashobora kuba bitumwe n’uko umubiri wavyanse, nka kurya nyene bigenda iyo umuntu aziraniwe n’ibifungurwa. Aho bitandukaniye ni aha: ukuziranirwa n’ibifungurwa biterwa n’abasoda b’umubiri, ariko igihe ibifungurwa biguye nabi umuntu biba bitumwe n’uko umubiri utashoboye kubihingura. Umubiri urashobora kunanirwa guhingura ibifungurwa kanaka, kumbure bitumwe n’uko hari inkabuzo (enzymes) ubuze
canke ivyo bifungurwa bikaba birimwo ibintu bigoye guhingura. Nk’akarorero, ibintu bikozwe mu mata birashobora kugwa nabi umuntu bitumwe n’uko amara yiwe adahingura inkabuzo zikenewe kugira umubiri wiwe usye isukari iri mu mata.Ibifungurwa birashobora kugwa nabi umuntu igihe abiriye ari ryo rya mbere, kuko muri ico gihe hoho bidasaba ko umubiri ubanza guhingura abasoda nk’uko bigenda ku kuziranirwa n’ibifungurwa. Ibifungurwa kanaka vyoshobora kugwa nabi umuntu bivanye n’urugero rw’ivyo yafunguye: igihe afunguye dukeyi umubiri woshobora kuvyihanganira, ariko afunguye vyinshi agaca agira ingorane. Ukwo si ko bimeze ku kuziranirwa n’ibifungurwa gukaze, kuko muri ico gihe hoho umuntu ashobora kuhasiga ubuzima naho yorya dukeyi.
None ibimenyetso ni ibihe?
Umuntu yaziraniwe n’ibifungurwa yoshobora gusasatwa; gufurutirwa; kuvyimba mu muhogo, mu maso canke ururimi; kugira iseseme; kudahwa no gucibwamwo. Vyakomeye na ho, umurindi w’amaraso urashobora kugabanuka, akagira ibizunguzungu, agata ubwenge canke mbere umutima ugahagarara. Ivyo bimenyetso birashobora kwunyuka ningoga na ningoga bigashikana ku rupfu.
Mu bisanzwe, ibifungurwa vyose birashobora gutuma umuntu aziranirwa. Ariko ukuziranirwa gukomeye gukunda guterwa n’ibifungurwa bimwebimwe. Aho twovuga nk’amata, amagi, ifi, inkara, ibiyoba, isoya, imise imwimwe n’ingano. Kuziranirwa ntibiraba imyaka. Ivyigwa vyerekana ko iyo ngorane ahanini umuntu ayiragwa n’abavyeyi. Nk’akarorero, birashoboka cane ko umwana agira iyo ngorane igihe umwe mu bavyeyi yoba ayifise canke bompi. Akenshi iyo ngorane irahera uko umwana agenda arakura.
Ibimenyetso vy’umuntu imfungurwa zaguye nabi ntibikaze nk’ivy’umuntu yaziraniwe n’ibifungurwa. Uwaguwe nabi n’ibifungurwa yoshobora kuribwa mu nda, akavyimba inda, agasura kenshi, akagira ibinyanya, akameneka umutwe, agafurutirwa, akumva arushe canke akumva amerewe nabi umubiri wose. Ivyo birashobora guterwa n’ibifungurwa bitandukanye, na canecane ibintu bihinguwe mu mata, ingano, inzoga na levire.
Kubipima no kubivura
Nimba wiyumvira ko hari ibifungurwa bituma uziranirwa canke bikugwa nabi, woshobora kuja kwisuzumisha ku muganga yavyigiye. Kugerageza kwivura mu guhitamwo guheba indya zimwezimwe birashobora kukugirira nabi, kuko ushobora gusanga uriko urima umubiri wawe ibintu vya nkenerwa.
Ku bantu baziranirwa cane n’ibifungurwa kanaka, nta wundi muti atari ukubiheba. * Ariko igihe ibifungurwa kanaka bitakuziranira cane canke bitakugwa nabi rwose, hari aho vyoba vyiza ugabanije incuro ubifungura canke urugero rw’ivyo ufungura. Ariko ntiwumve, hari igihe biba ngombwa ko umuntu aheba burundu ivyo bifungurwa, canke akaba aravyihojeje mu kiringo kanaka, nimba bimumerera nabi cane.
Nimba rero hari indya zikugwa nabi canke zituma uziranirwa, woshobora guhumurizwa no kumenya ko abantu benshi bafise iyo ngorane bize kubana na yo, mbere bagafungura ibifungurwa bitandukanye kandi biryoshe.
^ ing. 19 Ni vyiza ko abantu bakarirwa n’ukuziranirwa bama bibangikanije umuti bita adrénaline (épinéphrine) bitera igihe bikenewe. Hari abahinga mu vy’ubuvuzi bavuga ko abana baziranirwa n’ibifungurwa kanaka bokwama bitwaza canke bambaye ikintu kiboneka cereka abigisha canke abandi bantu babitwararika ko bafise iyo ngorane.