Igicaniro Ari Co Bita Uruhimbi Gifise Ikibanza Ikihe mu Gusenga?

WOBA ubona ko uruhimbi ari ntahara mu gusenga kwawe? Abantu benshi baja gusenga mu masengero y’Abiyita Abakirisu boshobora kubona ko uruhimbi ari rwo nyamukuru. Woba urigera wiyumvira ico Bibiliya ihishura ku vyerekeye gukoresha uruhimbi mu gusenga?

Igicaniro ca mbere ari co bita ngo ni uruhimbi kivugwa muri Bibiliya ni kimwe Nowa yubaka kugira ngo agishikanireko ibimazi vy’ibitungwa igihe yari avuye muri bwa bwato yarokokeramwo umwuzure. *​—Itanguriro 8:20.

Inyuma y’aho indimi abantu bavuga ziyoberanirijwe i Babeli, barakwiragiye kw’isi yose. (Itanguriro 11:1-9) Kubera icipfuzo mvukanwa co gusenga abantu bafise, bararondeye kwiyegereza Imana, iyo batera barushiriza kutamenya neza, bakayirondera ‘bakabakaba.’ (Ivyakozwe 17:27; Abaroma 2:14, 15) Kuva mu misi ya Nowa, abantu bo mu moko menshi no mu mahanga menshi barubakiye ibicaniro ibimana vyabo. Abantu bo mu madini atandukanye no mu mico kama itandukanye barakoresheje ibicaniro mu gusenga kw’ikinyoma. Kubera ko abantu bari bariyonkoye ku Mana y’ukuri, bamwebamwe barakoresheje ibicaniro mu kugira imihamuro y’agahomerabunwa irimwo gutangako ibimazi abantu mbere n’abana. Igihe abami bamwebamwe ba Isirayeli baheba Yehova, barubakiye ibicaniro imana z’igipagani nka Bayali. (1 Abami 16:29-32) Ariko tuvuge iki ku bijanye no gukoresha ibicaniro mu gusenga kw’ukuri?

Ibicaniro be n’ugusenga kw’ukuri muri Isirayeli

Nowa amaze gupfa, abandi bagabo b’abizerwa barubatse ibicaniro kugira ngo babikoreshe mu gusenga Imana y’ukuri Yehova. Aburahamu yarubatse ibicaniro i Shekemu, hafi y’i Beteli, i Heburoni no ku musozi Moriya, kuri uwo musozi akaba yahashikaniye mu gishingo ca Isaka, impfizi y’intama Imana yamuronkeje. Mu nyuma, Isaka, Yakobo na Musa bariyumvisemwo agatima ko kwubaka ibicaniro kugira ngo babikoreshe mu gusenga Imana.​—Itanguriro 12:6-8; 13:3, 18; 22:9-13; 26:23-25; 33:18-20; 35:1, 3, 7; Kuvayo 17:15, 16; 24:4-8.

Igihe Imana yaha Ivyagezwe ihanga rya Isirayeli, yabategetse kwubaka itaberenakulo kugira ibe co kintu nyamukuru mu vyo Imana yaringanije kugira ngo bayiyegereze, iyo taberenakulo ikaba yari ihema bagenda barimukana, yitwa kandi “ihema ry’ibonaniro.” (Kuvayo 39:32, 40) Muri iryo hema harimwo ibicaniro bibiri. Ica mbere c’amashikanwa yo kwoswa, cari gikozwe mu giti c’umushita kandi cometsweko imiringa, kikaba cari kiri imbere mu bwinjiriro, maze kigakoreshwa mu  gushikana ibimazi vy’ibitungwa. (Kuvayo 27:1-8; 39:39; 40:6, 29) Igicaniro c’ukwosezerezwako imibavu na co nyene gikozwe mu giti c’umushita mugabo cometsweko izahabu cari mw’ihema, imbere y’igihuzu gikingira Ahera Cane. (Kuvayo 30:1-6; 39:38; 40:5, 26, 27) Coserezwako umubavu udasanzwe kabiri ku musi, mu gitondo no ku mugoroba. (Kuvayo 30:7-9) Rwa rusengero Umwami Salomo yubaka na rwo nyene rwakurikije icitegererezo c’itaberenakulo, rukaba rwari rufise ibicaniro bibiri.

“Ihema nyakuri” be n’igicaniro c’ikigereranyo

Igihe Yehova yaha Ivyagezwe Abisirayeli, ntiyabahaye gusa amategeko ngo abe ari yo agenga ubuzima bwabo be n’uburyo bwo kumwiyegereza hakoreshejwe ibimazi be n’amasengesho. Nyinshi mu ndinganizo z’Ivyagezwe zari zigize ico intumwa Paulo yise “igishushanyo,” “ikigereranyo” canke “igitutu c’ivyo mw ijuru.” (Abaheburayo 8:3-5; 9:9; 10:1; Ab’i Kolosayi 2:17) Mu yindi mvugo, imice myinshi y’Ivyagezwe ntiyayoboye gusa Abisirayeli gushika ku kuza kwa Kirisitu, ariko kandi yari igitutu c’imigambi y’Imana yorangutse biciye muri Yezu Kirisitu. (Ab’i Galatiya 3:24) Vyemere, imice y’Ivyagezwe yari ifise insobanuro menyeshakazoza. Nk’akarorero, umwagazi w’intama wa Pasika, umwe amaraso yawo yakoreshwa bwa kimenyetso c’ukurokoka kw’Abisirayeli, wagereranya Yezu Kirisitu. Ni “Umwagazi w’intama w’Imana ukūrah’icaha c’abari mw isi,” uwo amaraso yawo yasheshwe kugira ngo adukure mu caha.​—Yohana 1:29; Abanyefeso 1:7.

Ibintu vyinshi bijanye n’ibikorwa vyakorerwa kw’ihema no ku rusengero vyagereranya ibintu vyo mu vy’impwemu. (Abaheburayo 8:5; 9:23) Nkako, mu vyo Paulo yanditse, aravuga ivyerekeye ‘ihema nyakuri, ryashinzwe n’Uhoraho ariko ritashinzwe n’abantu.’ Arabandanya ati: “Kristo [yaje ari] umuherezi mukuru w’ivyiza bizoza, aca mw ihema rirusha rya rindi kuba irihambaye n’iritunganye rwose, ritākozwe n’intoke, bisobanurwa ngo ritar’iryo mu vyaremwe vy’ubu.” (Abaheburayo 8:2; 9:11) “Ihema rirusha rya rindi kuba irihambaye n’iritunganye rwose” ryari indinganizo y’urusengero ruhambaye rwo mu vy’impwemu rwa Yehova. Imvugo Ivyanditswe bikoresha yerekana yuko urusengero ruhambaye rwo mu vy’impwemu ari ivyo Yehova yaringanije bituma abantu bashobora kumwiyegereza bishimikije ikimazi c’impongano ca Yezu Kirisitu.​—Abaheburayo 9:2-10, 23-28.

Kumenya biciye mw’Ijambo ry’Imana yuko zimwezimwe mu ndinganizo z’Ivyagezwe zigereranya ibintu vy’impwemu birushirije kuba ibihambaye kandi biri n’ico bivuze, bituma vy’ukuri turushiriza kwizera ko Bibiliya yahumetswe. Bituma kandi turushiriza gukenguruka ubukerebutsi buva ku Mana bugaragarira gusa mu Vyanditswe.​—Abaroma 11:33; 2 Timoteyo 3:16.

Igicaniro c’ishikanwa ryo kwoswa cari gifise kandi insobanuro menyeshakazoza. Bisa n’uko kigereranya ivyo Imana ‘igomba,’ canke umutima ukunze yagize wo kwakira inkuka ya Yezu itagira agasembwa.​—Abaheburayo 10:1-10.

Mu nyuma Paulo yanditse mu gitabu c’Abaheburayo aya majambo ashimishije agira ati: “Dufise igicaniro, ico abakorera muri rya hema batemererwa kurīrako.” (Abaheburayo 13:10) Ni igicaniro ikihe yariko aravuga?

Abasobanuzi b’abagatolika benshi bavuga yuko igicaniro ari rwo bita ngo ni uruhimbi kivugwa mu Baheburayo 13:10 ari kimwe bakoresha kw’isakaramentu ry’Ukaristiya, bikaba bivugwa yuko ngo biciye kuri iryo sakaramentu, inkuka ya Kirisitu ihinduka nshasha mu kiringo c’Imisa. Mugabo ufatiye ku majambo ahakikuje, urashobora kubona yuko igicaniro Paulo yariko aravuga ari ico mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo. Incabwenge nyinshi  zivuga ko ijambo “igicaniro” muri ico canditswe rifise insobanuro y’ikigereranyo. Umuyezuwite yitwa Giuseppe Bonsirven avuga yuko “ivyo bihuye neza na neza n’imvugo ngereranyo zose ziri muri iryo baruwa [ryandikiwe Abaheburayo].” Avuga ati: “Mu mvugo y’Abakirisu, ijambo ‘igicaniro’ ryakoreshwa ubwa mbere na mbere mu buryo bw’impwemu maze inyuma ya Irénée na canecane inyuma ya Tertullien na Saint Cyprien ni ho ryaciye rikoreshwa kuri Ukaristiya ariko ahanini rikoreshwa ku ruhimbi bategurirako Ukaristiya.”

Nk’uko ikinyamakuru kimwe c’abagatolika (Rivista di Archeologia Cristiana) cabivuze, ikoreshwa ry’igicaniro ryakwiragiye mu “kiringo ca Konsitantino” mu gihe “ibisengero amahanga vyubakwa.” Ico kinyamakuru cabandanije giti: “Ni ivy’ukuri yuko mu binjana bibiri vya mbere, ata kintu na kimwe cerekana yuko hariho ikibanza co gusengeramwo kizwi, mugabo abantu bashobora kuba baratororokanira mu mazu y’abantu kugira ngo abe ari ho basengera . . . , bahejeje kuhasengera, nyene inzu yaca ayikoresha nk’uko vyari bisanzwe.”

Ukuntu abiyita Abakirisu bakoresha igicaniro ari co bita uruhimbi

Ikinyamakuru kimwe c’abagatolika (La Civiltà Cattolica) kivuga yuko “uruhimbi atari gusa ikibanza gikuru c’isengero, ariko kandi ko ari Ekeleziya nzima.” Yamara, Yezu Kirisitu ntiyigeze atanguza ibirori na bimwe vy’idini vyotegerejwe kugirirwa ku gicaniro; eka mbere ntiyigeze ategeka abigishwa biwe kugira ibirori bakoresheje igicaniro. Igicaniro Yezu yavuze muri Matayo 5:23, 24 be n’ahandi hose ni imigenzo y’idini yari yiganje mu Bayuda, ariko ntiyerekana yuko abayoboke biwe bari gusenga Imana bakoresheje igicaniro ari co bita ngo ni uruhimbi.

Hari umutohozakahise w’Umunyamerika yitwa George Foot Moore (1851-1931) yanditse ati: “Imice nyamukuru igize ugusenga kw’Abakirisu yahora ari imwe, ariko haciye igihe, ibirori bisanzwe vyadondowe na Justin vyarahinduwe hagati na hagati mu kinjana ca kabiri bigirwa uburyo bwo gusenga bukomeye.” Imigenzo ya gatolika be n’ibirori vy’idini bizwi n’abantu bose ni injojo n’injojo kandi birasiga ubwenge ku buryo bw’uko bigize icigwa citwa liturujiya cigishwa mu maseminari y’abagatolika. Moore yabandanije avuga ati: “Ukwo gufata imigenzo isanzwe bakayihindura iyikomeye cane dusanga mu mihamuro yose bagira, babigize ahanini barabiye kw’Isezerano rya Kera, igihe vyashika aho abakuru b’idini babonwa ko basubiye mu kibanza c’ubuherezi bwo mu gihe ca kera. Ikanzu yakaka umuherezi mukuru yambara, imyambaro abandi baherezi bambara mu gihe c’ibirori, urugendo rweranda rwagirwa, imigwi y’abaririmvyi b’Abalewi baririmba amazaburi, imyotsi y’imibavu yatumuka ivuye mu vyotezo vyenena ku minyororo, ivyo vyose vyasa n’icitegererezo Imana yatanze kijanye n’ivy’ugusenga, bikaba ari vyo bavuga ko idini ryakurikije kugira ryigane ibirori vyagirwa mu gusenga kwo mu gihe ca kera.”

Woshobora gutangazwa no kumenya yuko imihamuro myinshi, ibirori, inyambaro be n’ibindi bintu amadini atandukanye akoresha mu gusenga bidakurikiza inyigisho za gikirisu ziri mu Njili, ariko bikurikiza imigenzo be n’imihamuro vy’Abayuda be n’abapagani. Hari igitabu c’abagatolika kimwe (The Enciclopedia Cattolica) kivuga yuko ivyo abagatolika “bagira vyo gukoresha uruhimbi vyakomotse mw’idini y’Abayuda hamwe no mu bapagani.” Hari uwurwanirira ukwizera yitwa Minucius Felix wo mu kinjana ca gatatu G.C. yanditse avuga yuko Abakirisu batari bafise ‘zaba insengero canke ibicaniro ari vyo bita uruhimbi.’ Hari inyizamvugo imwe (Religioni e Miti) ivuga amajambo nk’ayo nyene igira iti: “Abakirisu bo mu ntango bariyamirije ivyo gukoresha igicaniro kugira ngo berekane ko ugusenga kwabo gutandukanye n’ukw’Abayuda be n’ukw’abapagani.”

Kubera yuko Ubukirisu bwari bushingiye canecane ku ngingo ngenderwako zitegerezwa kwemerwa kandi zigakurikizwa mu buzima bwa misi yose no mu bihugu vyose, ntivyabaye bigikenerwa yuko habaho igisagara ceranda kw’isi, canke urusengero nya rusengero rurimwo ibicaniro, canke abaherezi b’abantu baturuka mu mugwi kanaka bambaye imyambaro bisangije. Yezu yavuze ati: “Igihe kija kuza, si kur’uyu musozi cank’i Yerusalemu muzosengera Data. . . . abasenga b’ukuri bazosengera Data mu mpwemu no mu kuri.” (Yohana 4:21, 23) Imihamuro y’urusobangane amadini menshi agira be n’ibicaniro ari vyo bita uruhimbi akoresha, birateye kubiri n’ivyo Yezu yavuze bijanye n’uburyo Imana y’ukuri ikwiye gusengwa.

[Akajambo k’epfo]