Icizigiro co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera gisubira guhishurwa

“Wewe Daniyeli, gumiza ayo majambo muri ntibate, . . . gushitsa igihe c’iherezo; ni ho benshi [“bazonyuragira irya n’ino, kandi ubumenyi nyakuri,” “NW”] buzogwira.”​—DAN. 12:4.

1, 2. Ni ibibazo ibihe biza kurimburwa muri iki kiganiro?

 MURI iki gihe abantu amamiliyoni baratahura neza ko icizigiro co kubaho ibihe bidahera kw’isi izoba yabaye Iparadizo gishingiye ku Vyanditswe. (Ivyah. 7:9, 17) Kuva mu ntango y’ukubaho kw’abantu, Imana yarahishuye ko umuntu atari yaremwe kugira ngo abeho imyaka mikeyi gusa hanyuma ace apfa, ahubwo ko yari yaremwe ngo abeho ibihe bidahera.​—Ita. 1:26-28.

² Kuba umusi uri izina abantu bosubiye kuba abatunganye nk’uko Adamu yari ameze ataracumura, ni kimwe mu vyo Abisirayeli bari bizigiye. Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki birasigura uburyo Imana izokoresha kugira ngo itume bishoboka ko abantu basubira kubaho ibihe bidahera mw’Iparadizo ng’aha kw’isi. Ni kubera iki none icizigiro abantu bafise vyabaye ngombwa ko gisubira guhishurwa? Cahishuwe gute kandi vyagenze gute ngo kimenyeshwe abantu amamiliyoni?

Ico cizigiro gipfukiranywa

3. Ni kubera iki bidatangaje kubona icizigiro abantu bafise co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera carapfukiranijwe?

³ Yezu yari yaravuze ko abahanuzi b’ikinyoma botituye inyigisho ziwe kandi ko abantu benshi bozimijwe. (Mat. 24:11) Intumwa Petero yaragabishije abakirisu ati: “Hazobaho abigisha b’ikinyoma muri mwebwe.” (2 Pet. 2:1) Intumwa Paulo yaravuze ibijanye n’“igihe aho [abantu batokwihanganiye] ya nyigisho ngirakamaro, mugabo nk’uko ivyipfuzo vyabo bwite biri, [bokwirundanirije] abigisha kugira ngo amatwi yabo yagazwe.” (2 Tim. 4:3, 4) Shetani aragira uruhara muri ukwo kuzimiza abantu kandi yarakoresheje ubukirisu bw’ubuhuni kugira ngo apfukiranye ukuri kweza umutima kwerekeye umugambi Imana ifitiye abantu n’isi.​—Soma 2 Abakorinto 4:3, 4.

4. Abantu b’abahuni bari barongoye amadini biyamirije ikihe cizigiro umuryango w’abantu wari ufise?

⁴ Ivyanditswe bisigura yuko Ubwami bw’Imana ari intwaro yo mw’ijuru izomara igakomvomvora ubutegetsi bwose bwashizweho n’abantu. (Dan. 2:44) Mu gihe c’ubutegetsi bwa Kristu bw’imyaka igihumbi, Shetani azokwugaranirwa mu gisumanyenzi, abapfuye bazurwe, umuryango w’abantu na wo ushikanwe ku kuba uwutunganye uri ng’aha kw’isi. (Ivyah. 20:1-3, 6, 12; 21:1-4) Ariko, abantu b’abahuni barongoye amadini y’abiyita abakirisu bobo barinjije mu nyigisho zabo ibindi vyiyumviro. Nk’akarorero, umwe mu bitwa ko batanguje Ekeleziya wo mu kinjana ca gatatu yitwa Orijeni w’i Alegizanderiya yariyamirije abemera ibijanye n’imihezagiro ya Ngoma y’imyaka igihumbi izozana kw’isi. Igitabu kimwe c’inkoranyabumenyi c’abagatolika (The Catholic Encyclopedia) kivuga yuko umunyatewolojiya umwe w’umugatolika yitwa Augustino w’i Hipo (yabayeho mu 354-430 G.C.) “yari ashigikiye iciyumviro c’uko ata ngoma y’imyaka igihumbi izobaho.” a

5, 6. Ni kubera iki Orijeni na Augustino barwanije inyigisho y’uko kw’isi hazobaho ingoma y’imyaka igihumbi?

⁵ Ni kubera iki Orijeni na Augustino barwanya ivy’uko kw’isi hazobaho ingoma y’imyaka igihumbi? Orijeni yari umwigishwa wa Kelementi w’i Alegizanderiya, uno akaba yaremera inyigisho y’ubugingo budapfa yo mu nkuru mpererekanwa z’Abagiriki. Kubera ko ivyiyumviro vya Pulato vyerekeye ubugingo vyari vyaragize akosho gakomeye kuri Orijeni, umunyatewolojiya umwe yitwa Werner Jaeger avuga yuko Orijeni “yinjije mu nyigisho za gikirisu, inyigisho zose zerekeye ubugingo  yari yakuye kuri Pulato.” Ivyo vyatumye Orijeni yigisha yuko abantu batoronkeye kw’isi imihezagiro izozanwa na ya Ngoma y’imyaka igihumbi, ahubwo ko boyironkeye mu karere k’impwemu.

⁶ Imbere y’uko Augustino ahindukirira ubukirisu bw’ubuhuni, ico gihe akaba yari afise imyaka 33, yari yabanje kuba umuyoboke wa filozofiya ya Pulato yatsimbatajwe na Pulotini mu kinjana ca gatatu. Augustino amaze guhinduka, yagumanye vya vyiyumviro nyene yari afise. Igitabu kimwe c’inkoranyabumenyi (The New Encyclopædia Britannica) kivuga giti: “Umuzirikanyi wiwe wabaye ihuriro, aho idini ry’Isezerano rishasha yasukiranijwe cane rwose n’inkuru mpererekanwa z’ivya Pulato zo muri filozofiya y’Abagiriki.” Ca gitabu c’inkoranyabumenyi c’abagatolika (The Catholic Encyclopedia) kivuga yuko Augustino yasiguye ya Ngoma y’imyaka igihumbi idondorwa mu Vyahishuwe ikigabane ca 20 mu gutanga “insobanuro y’ico igereranya.” Ico gitabu congerako giti: “Iyo nsobanuro . . . yarashigikiwe n’abanyatewolojiya b’Abanyaburaya babayeho inyuma yiwe, kandi inyigisho yo mu ntango ivuga ko [kw’isi] hazobaho ingoma y’imyaka igihumbi ntiyabaye igishigikirwa.”

7. Ni inyigisho itari yo iyihe yatituye icizigiro abantu bafise co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera, kandi vyagenze gute?

⁷ Icizigiro umuryango w’abantu ufise co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera caratituwe n’inyigisho yari itsimbataye muri Babiloni ya kera yongera irakwiragizwa kw’isi yose, na yo ikaba ivuga yuko umuntu afise umutima w’ubwenge udapfa. Igihe amadini y’abiyita abakirisu yakurikiza iyo nyigisho, abanyatewolojiya baragoretse Ivyanditswe kugira ngo batume imirongo ivuga ibijanye n’icizigiro co kuba mw’ijuru isa n’iyigisha ko abantu beza bose baja mw’ijuru. Hishimikijwe ukwo kuntu babona ibintu, ubuzima bw’umuntu bwo ng’aha kw’isi bwagenewe kuba ubw’igihe gitoyi, ni ukuvuga ko abaho kugira ngo asuzumwe niba abereye kuba mw’ijuru. Hari ikintu nk’ico cabaye ku bijanye n’icizigiro co mu ntango Abayuda bari bafise c’ukuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera. Kubera ko Abayuda bagiye buhorobuhoro barakurikiza inyigisho y’Abagiriki y’uko ngo umuntu afise umutima w’ubwenge udapfa, icizigiro cabo co mu ntango co kuba kw’isi carazimanganye. Mbega ukuntu ivyo bitandukanye n’ingene umuntu adondorwa muri Bibiliya! Umuntu ni ikiremwa c’inyama n’amaraso, si ikiremwa c’impwemu. Yehova yabwiye wa muntu wa mbere ati: ‘Uri umukungugu.’ (Ita. 3:19) Umuntu yaremwe kugira ngo abe kw’isi ibihe bidahera, ntiyaremwe kugira ngo abe mw’ijuru.​—Soma Zaburi 104:5; 115:16.

Ukuri kurabiriza mu mwiza

8. Ni ibiki incabwenge zimwezimwe zo mu myaka ya 1600 zavuze ku bijanye n’icizigiro abantu bafise?

⁸ Naho amadini nka yose yivugisha ko ari aya gikirisu atemera icizigiro co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera, Shetani ntiyamye yererwa mu bijanye no gupfukiranya ukuri. Kuva kera na rindi, abantu bakeyi basoma Bibiliya bavyitondeye barabonye ingene ukuri kuravya uko bagenda baratahura imice imwimwe yerekana ukuntu Imana izotuma abantu basubira kuba abatunganye. (Zab. 97:11; Mat. 7:13, 14; 13:37-39) Mu myaka ya 1600, igikorwa co guhindura Bibiliya mu zindi ndimi no kuyicapura caratumye abantu benshi cane bashobora kuronka Ivyanditswe vyeranda. Mu 1651, incabwenge imwe yanditse yuko kubera ko biciye kuri Adamu abantu “batakaje Iparadizo be n’ubuzima  bw’ibihe bidahera ng’aha kw’isi,” ari co gituma muri Kristu “abantu bose bazoba kw’isi; kuko bitagenze ukwo, ukwo kugereranya abo bantu babiri kutobaye kubereye.” (Soma 1 Abakorinto 15:21, 22.) Umwe mu baryoshamvugo bavuga icongereza bazwi cane kw’isi, ari we John Milton (yabayeho mu 1608-1674), yaranditse icese citwa Iparadizo yatakaye be n’ikicunganira citwa Iparadizo yagarukanywe. Muri ivyo vyese, Milton yaravuze ibijanye n’impembo abantu b’abizigirwa bazoronkera kw’isi izoba yabaye Iparadizo. Naho Milton ikiringo kinini c’ubuzima bwiwe yakimaze ariko ariga Bibiliya, yariyemereye icese ko ukuri kwo mu Vyanditswe kwotahuwe mu buryo bwuzuye mu igihe c’ukuhaba kwa Kristu.

9, 10. (a) Isaac Newton yanditse iki ku bijanye n’icizigiro umuryango w’abantu ufise? (b) Ni kubera iki Newton yabona ko igihe c’ukuhaba kwa Kristu casa n’ikiri kure nk’ukwezi?

⁹ Wa muhinga mu vy’ibiharuro azwi cane, Umushingantahe Isaac Newton (yabayeho mu 1642-1727) na we nyene yarashimishwa cane n’ivya Bibiliya. Yaratahura yuko aberanda bazozurirwa ubuzima bwo mw’ijuru kandi ko bazoganza mu buryo butaboneka bari kumwe na Kristu. (Ivyah. 5:9, 10) Ku bijanye n’abatwarwa b’ubwo Bwami na bo, yanditse ati: “Inyuma y’umusi w’urubanza abantu bazobandanya kuba kw’isi kandi ntibazobaho gusa imyaka 1.000 ariko bazobaho ibihe bidahera.”

¹⁰ Newton yabona ko ukuhaba kwa Kristu kwobaye haciye ibinjana n’ibindi. Umutohozakahise umwe yitwa Stephen Snobelen yavuze ati: “Imvo imwe yatuma Newton abona ko Ubwami bw’Imana bwoje haciye igihe kirekire cane, yari iy’uko yababazwa cane n’inyigisho y’ubuhuni yerekeye Ubutatu yari ishinze imizi mu bantu bari bamukikije.” Inkuru nziza yari igitwikiriwe. Vyongeye, Newton ntiyabona umugwi n’umwe wa gikirisu wari ushoboye kuyamamaza. Yanditse ati: “Ubwo buhanuzi bwa Daniyeli be n’ubwa Yohani [buno bukaba bwanditswe mu gitabu c’Ivyahishuwe] bwotahuwe gusa mu gihe c’iherezo.” Newton yasiguye ati: “Daniyeli yavuze yuko ‘ico gihe abantu benshi bazonyuragira irya n’ino, kandi ko ubumenyi buzogwira.’ Kubera ko Injili itegerezwa kwamamazwa mu mahanga yose imbere y’uko ya makuba akomeye be n’umuhero w’isi bishika. Isinzi rinini rifise amashami y’ibigazi, rino rikaba rizoba rivuye muri ayo makuba akomeye, ntirishobora kuba iridaharurika kandi ngo rive mu mahanga yose Injili itamamajwe imbere y’uko ayo makuba ashika.”​—Dan. 12:4; Mat. 24:14; Ivyah. 7:9, 10.

11. Ni kubera iki mu gihe ca Milton na Newton icizigiro umuryango w’abantu ufise cagumye gipfukiranijwe abantu benshi ntibakimenya?

¹¹ Mu gihe ca Milton be na Newton, guserura ivyiyumviro bivuguruza inyigisho yemewe n’idini vyarimwo akaga. Ni co gituma vyinshi mu vyo banditse bafatiye ku bushakashatsi bagize ku vyerekeye Bibiliya vyagiye gusohorwa bamaze gupfa. Kwa Gutunganya ivy’idini bushasha kwaba mu kinjana ca 16 ntikwashoboye kugira ico guhinduye ku nyigisho y’uko umuntu afise umutima w’ubwenge udapfa, kandi amadini nyamukuru y’abaporotisanti yagumye yigisha inyigisho ya Augustino y’uko ngo ya Ngoma y’imyaka igihumbi yamaze kurangira, ko itobaye muri kazoza. None ubumenyi bwoba bwarongerekanye mu gihe c’iherezo?

“Ubumenyi nyakuri buzogwira”

12. Ni ryari ubumenyi nyakuri bwagwiriye?

¹² Ku bijanye n’“igihe c’iherezo,” Daniyeli yari yaravuze imbere y’igihe yuko ibintu vyorushirije kugenda neza. (Soma Daniyeli 12:3, 4, 9, 10.) Yezu yavuze ati: “Ico gihe abagororotsi bazokayangana nk’izuba.” (Mat. 13:43) Ni gute ubumenyi nyakuri bwagwiriye mu gihe c’iherezo? Rimbura ibintu bimwebimwe vyabaye mu myaka mirongo imbere yo mu 1914, muri uwo mwaka akaba ari ho igihe c’iherezo catangura.

13. Ni ibiki Charles Taze Russell yanditse inyuma y’aho ikibazo kijanye n’ugusubira kugira ugutungana nk’ukwo Adamu yari afise ataracumura gisuzumiwe?

¹³ Amaja mu mpera y’imyaka ya 1800, hari abantu batari bake b’inziraburyarya bariko bararondera gutahura “ca citegererezo c’amajambo ngirakamaro.” (2 Tim. 1:13) Umwe muri abo yari Charles Taze Russell. Mu 1870, we hamwe n’abandi bantu bakeyi barondera kumenya ukuri barashinze ishure ryo kwiga Bibiliya. Mu 1872 ni ho basuzuma ikibazo kijanye n’ugusubira kugira ugutungana nk’uko Adamu yari afise ataracumura. Mu nyuma, Russell yanditse ati: “Gushika ico gihe ntitwari bwashobore kubona neza itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y’impembo idini ryariko rirasuzumwa ryoronse be n’iyo abantu b’abizigirwa bo kw’isi boronse.” Impembo y’abo  bizigirwa ni iy’uko “bazosubira kuba abantu batunganye nk’uko Adamu, uwo bakomokako akaba na we mutwe wabo yari ameze akiri muri Edeni.” Russell yariyemereye icese ko hari abandi bamufashije muri ukwo kwiga Bibiliya kwiwe. None abo bari bande?

14. (a) Henry Dunn yatahura gute amajambo dusanga mu Bikorwa 3:21? (b) Ni bande yavuze ko bazoba kw’isi ibihe bidahera?

¹⁴ Umwe muri abo yari Henry Dunn. Yari yaranditse ibijanye n’“ugusubizwaho kw’ibintu vyose, ivyo Imana yavugiye mu kanwa k’abahanuzi beranda bayo bo mu gihe ca kera.” (Ibik. 3:21) Dunn yari azi yuko ukwo gusubizwaho kw’ibintu kwobaye kurimwo ibijanye na kwa gushikana umuryango w’abantu ku kuba uwutunganye ng’aha kw’isi kuzoba mu kiringo ca ya Ngoma ya Kristu y’imyaka igihumbi. Dunn yaranasuzumye ikibazo cari caratesheje umutwe abantu benshi, na co kikaba ari iki: Ni bande bazoba kw’isi ibihe bidahera? Yasiguye ko abantu amamiliyoni bazozurwa, bigishwe ukuri bongere bahabwe akaryo ko kwizera Kristu.

15. Ni ibiki George Storrs yatahuye ku bijanye n’izuka?

¹⁵ Mu 1870, George Storrs na we nyene yarashitse ku ciyumviro c’uko abatagororotse bazozurwa kugira ngo bahabwe akaryo ko kuronka ubuzima budahera. Yisunze Ivyanditswe, yaratahuye kandi ko umuntu atazokwakira neza ako karyo, “azopfa, naho ‘azoba afise imyaka ijana.’” (Yes. 65:20) Storrs yaba i Brooklyn muri New York, kandi yarasohoye ikinyamakuru citwa Bible Examiner.

16. Ni igiki catumye Abatohoji ba Bibiliya baba abatandukanye n’abantu bo mu madini y’abiyita abakirisu?

¹⁶ Russell yisunze Bibiliya, yaratahuye ko igihe cari kigeze c’uko inkuru nziza imenyeshwa abantu benshi. Ni co gituma mu 1879 yaciye atangura gusohora ikinyamakuru Umunara w’Inderetsi w’i Siyoni n’integuza y’ukuhaba kwa Kristu (mu congereza), ubu kikaba citwa Umunara w’Inderetsi Utangaza Ubwami bwa Yehova. Imbere y’aho, ukuri ku bijanye n’icizigiro abantu bafise kwatahurwa n’abantu bari ku rushi, ariko ico gihe hoho imigwi y’Abatohoji ba Bibiliya yo mu bihugu vyinshi yararonswa kandi ikiga Umunara w’Inderetsi. Inyigisho y’uko abantu bakeyi gusa ari bo bazoja mw’ijuru, abandi amamiliyoni na bo bakazohabwa ubuzima butunganye ng’aha kw’isi, yatumye abo Batohoji ba Bibiliya baba abatandukanye n’abantu bo mu madini menshi y’abiyita abakirisu.

17. Ni gute ubumenyi nyakuri bwagwiriye cane?

¹⁷ Mu 1914 ni ho hatangura “igihe c’iherezo.” Ubumenyi nyakuri ku bijanye n’icizigiro umuryango w’abantu ufise bwoba none bwaragwiriye  cane? (Dan. 12:4) Mu 1913, insiguro za Russell zaracapuwe mu binyamakuru 2.000, zisomwa n’abantu bashika ku 15.000.000. Amaja mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1914, abantu barenga 9.000.000 bo mu migabane itatu y’isi bari bamaze kurorera rwa “Rukurikirane rw’amafoto yerekeye ivy’irema,” ni ukuvuga porogarama irimwo amafoto n’amasenema bisigura ibijanye na ya Ngoma ya Kristu y’imyaka igihumbi. Kuva mu 1918 gushika 1925, insiguro yavuga ngo “Abantu amamiliyoni bariho ubu ntibazokwigera bapfa,” ino ikaba yasigura ibijanye n’icizigiro co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera, yarashikirijwe hirya no hino kw’isi n’abasavyi ba Yehova mu ndimi zirenga 30. Mu 1934, Ivyabona vya Yehova baratahuye ko abafise icizigiro co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera bakwiye kubatizwa. Ukwo gutahura kwaratumye bagira umwete mwinshi wo kwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami. Muri iki gihe, icizigiro co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera kiratuma abantu amamiliyoni bakengurukira cane Yehova.

“Umwidegemvyo w’ubuninahazwa” uregereje!

18, 19. Muri Yesaya 65:21-25, havuga ko abantu bazogira ubuzima bumeze gute?

¹⁸ Umuhanuzi Yesaya yarahumekewe kwandika ibijanye n’ingene ubuzima abasavyi b’Imana bazogira kw’isi buzoba bumeze. (Soma Yesaya 65:21-25.) Bigaragara ko ibiti bimwebimwe vyari biriho mu myaka nka 2.700 iheze Yesaya yanditse ayo majambo n’ubu bikiriho. Woba ushobora kwiha ishusho wewe ubwawe ubayeho igihe kingana gutyo uritera ukarisama?

¹⁹ Aho kubaho igihe gitoyi maze ugaca upfa, ubuzima buzoba burimwo uturyo tudahera two kwubaka, kurima no kwiga. Zirikana ku bugenzi uzoshobora kugiranira n’abandi. Ubwo bucuti burangwa urukundo buzoguma bukomera ibihe vyose. Mbega “umwidegemvyo w’ubuninahazwa . . . abana b’Imana” bazokwinovora kw’isi ico gihe!​—Rom. 8:21.

[Akajambo k’epfo]

Woshobora kubisigura?

• Icizigiro umuryango w’abantu ufise co kuba kw’isi capfukiranijwe gute?

• Ni ugutahura ukuhe abasomyi ba Bibiliya baronse mu myaka ya 1600?

• Icizigiro nyakuri umuryango w’abantu ufise catomotse neza gute uko umwaka wa 1914 wagiye uregereza?

• Ubumenyi bwerekeye icizigiro co kuba kw’isi bwagwiriye gute?

[Ibibazo vy’icigwa]

[Amafoto ku rup. 13]

Wa muryoshamvugo John Milton (ibubamfu) be na wa muhinga mu vy’ibiharuro Isaac Newton (iburyo) bari bazi ibijanye n’icizigiro co kuba kw’isi ibihe bidahera

[Amafoto ku rup. 15]

Abatohoji ba Bibiliya bo mu ntango baratahuye bisunze Ivyanditswe ko hari hageze yuko icizigiro nyakuri umuryango w’abantu ufise kimenyekanishwa hirya no hino kw’isi