Bibiliya ishika muri rya Zinga rinini ry’Agahama

IZINGA rya Madagascar, iriri ku bilometero 400 uvuye ku nkengera yo mu Bumanuko bushira Ubuseruko bwa Afirika, ni ryo zinga rigira kane mu bunini kw’isi. Abantu bo muri Madagascar baramaze igihe kinini bamenyereye izina rya Yehova, kubera yuko impinduro za Bibiliya zo mu kimaligashe zirimwo izina ry’Imana zimaze imyaka irenga 170 ziriho. Inkuru y’ukuntu Bibiliya yahinduwe mu kimaligashe irashira ahabona ukuntu abayihinduye bumiye kw’ibanga kandi bari barihebeye ico gikorwa.

Utwigoro two guhindura Bibiliya mu kimaligashe twatanguriye mw’izinga ribanyi rya Morisi. Kuva mu 1813, Umushingantahe Robert Farquhar, uno akaba yari buramatari w’Umwongereza yatwara izinga rya Morisi, yaratanguje igikorwa co guhindura za Njili mu kimaligashe. Mu nyuma yararemesheje Radama wa mbere, uno akaba yari umwami wa Madagascar, ngo atumire abigisha bavuye mw’Ishirahamwe ry’abamisiyonari ry’i Londres (LMS) kugira ngo baze mw’Izinga rinini ry’agahama, ukwo akaba ari ko izinga rya Madascar rikunze kwitwa.

Ku wa 18 Myandagaro 1818, abamisiyonari babiri baturuka mu gihugu ca Galles ari bo David Jones na Thomas Bevan, barashitse ku kivuko c’igisagara ca Toamasina bavuye muri Morisi. Bahasanze abantu bakunda cane ivy’Imana, ivy’ugusenga aba kera be n’imigenzo yahanahanwa ku munwa bikaba vyari bifise ikibanza kinini mu buzima bwa misi yose bw’abo bantu. Abantu bo muri Madagascar bavuga ururimi ruserura ivyiyumviro mu buryo bwinshi kandi buhimbaye rukomoka ahanini mu bihugu vya Maleziya na Polineziya.

Haheze igihe gito Jones na Bevan batanguje agashure gatoya, barazanye abagore babo n’abana babo i Toamasina babakuye muri Morisi. Ariko rero ikibabaje, bose uko bakabaye barafashwe na malariya, kandi muri Kigarama 1818 Jones yarabuze umugore n’umwana wiwe. Haheze amezi abiri, iyo ndwara yarahitanye umuryango wa Bevan wose. David Jones ni we wenyene yarokotse muri uwo mugwi w’abantu.

Jones ntiyaretse ngo ico cago kimuce intege. Yari yiyemeje gutuma Ijambo ry’Imana rishikira abantu bo muri Madagascar. Jones amaze gusubira muri Morisi kugira ngo atore ka mitende, yaratanguye igikorwa kitoroshe co kwiga ikimaligashe. Bidatevye, yaratanguye igikorwa co gutegura ibijanye no guhindura Injili ya Yohani.

Muri Gitugutu 1820, Jones yarasubiye muri Madagascar. Yarashitse ku murwa mukuru Antananarivo, maze bidatevye aca aratanguza ishure rishasha ryegukira abamisiyonari. Ibintu ntivyari vyoroshe. Nta bitabu, ikibaho canke intebe, vyariho. Mugabo rero ivyigwa vyari bihimbaye cane, kandi abana bari bashashaye kwiga.

Jones amaze amezi hafi indwi akora ari wenyene, yararonse uwundi muntu bakorana yaje gusubirira Bevan, uno akaba yari umumisiyonari yitwa David Griffiths. Abo babiri barihebeye igikorwa co guhindura Bibiliya mu kimaligashe bataruha.

Ubuhinduzi butangura

Mu ntango z’imyaka ya 1820, ubwoko bwonyene bwo kwandika ikimaligashe bwariho bwitwa sorabe, ano akaba ari amajambo y’ikimaligashe yanditswe mu ndome z’icarabu. Abantu bari ku rushi bonyene ni bo bari bashoboye kuyasoma. Ku bw’ivyo, abamisiyonari bamaze kuvugana n’Umwami Radama wa mbere, yarabahaye uruhusha rwo gukoresha indome z’Abaroma kugira ngo bazikoreshe mu gishingo ca sorabe.

Igikorwa c’ubuhinduzi catanguye ku wa 10 Nyakanga 1823. Jones yahinduye igitabu c’Itanguriro  be n’ica Matayo, Griffiths na we ahindura igitabu co Kuvayo be n’ica Luka. Abo bagabo bompi barakoranye ishaka ridasanzwe. Uretse ko ari bo ubwabo bakora vyinshi mu bikorwa bijanye n’ubuhinduzi, barabandanije no gutanga ivyigwa kuri rya shure mu gitondo no ku muhingamo. Vyongeye, barategura bakongera bagasoma imisa mu ndimi zitatu zitandukanye. Yamara, igikorwa c’ubuhinduzi ni co caza imbere y’ibindi vyose.

Bafashijwe n’abanyeshure 12, abo bamisiyonari babiri barahinduye Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vyose be n’ibindi bitabu vyinshi vy’Ivyanditswe vy’igiheburayo, mu mezi 18 gusa. Mu mwaka wakurikiye, impinduro y’intangamarara ya Bibiliya yuzuye yarasozerewe. Birumvikana ko hariho ibintu vyari bikeneye gukosorwa no guhinyanyurwa. Ni co gituma abahinga babiri mu vy’indimi ari bo David Johns na Joseph Freeman baciye barungikwa bavuye mu Bwongereza kugira ngo baje gufasha.

Bihanganira intambamyi

Igihe impinduro yo mu kimaligashe yari imaze kurangira, rya Shirahamwe ry’abamisiyonari ry’i Londres (LMS) ryararungitse uwitwa Charles Hovenden kugira ngo atanguze icapuriro rya mbere ryo muri Madagascar. Hovenden yashitse ku wa 21 Munyonyo 1826. Ariko rero, yarafashwe na malariya aca apfa haheze ukwezi kumwe ahashitse, akaba ata muntu n’umwe yasize yari ashoboye gukoresha iryo capuriro. Mu mwaka wakurikiye, hari umudandaza w’umuhanga yaturuka muri Ekose yitwa James Cameron yagerageje guterateranya ivyuma vy’iryo capuriro yifashishije agatabu yasanze muri ivyo vyuma. Cameron amaze kugerageza kenshi agasanga yabigize nabi, yahavuye ashobora gucapura igihimba c’ikigabane ca mbere c’Itanguriro ku wa 4 Kigarama 1827. a

Iyindi ntambamyi yabonetse ku wa 27 Mukakaro 1828, inyuma y’aho Radama wa mbere apfiriye. Umwami Radama yari yarashigikiye cane umugambi w’ubuhinduzi. Ico gihe, David Jones yavuze ati: “Umwami Radama ameze neza cane kandi aregereka. Arashigikira cane ibijanye n’inyigisho, kandi araha agaciro inyigisho abanyagihugu biwe baronka mu vyerekeye ubuhanga bujanye n’iterambere kuruta uko aha agaciro inzahabu n’ifeza.” Ariko rero, uwo mwami yarasubiriwe n’umukenyezi wiwe ari we Ranavalona wa mbere, kandi ntivyatevye kugaragara ko atoshigikiye ico gikorwa nk’uko umunega wiwe yagishigikira.

Haheze igihe gito uwo mwamikazi yimitswe, hari umushitsi yaje avuye mu Bwongereza yamusavye umubonano kugira ngo baganire ku bijanye n’ico gikorwa c’ubuhinduzi. Uwo mushitsi yarabuze umubonano. Uwundi musi, igihe abamisiyonari babarira umwamikazi yuko bari bagifise ibintu vyinshi vyo kwigisha abantu ushizemwo ikigiriki n’igiheburayo, yavuze ati: “Ikindaje ishinga cane si ikigiriki n’igiheburayo, ariko nashaka kumenya nimba mushobora kwigisha abantu banje ikintu ngirakamaro kuruta, nko guhingura amasabuni.” Cameron amaze kubona yuko vyari gushoboka ko birukanwa Bibiliya yo mu kimaligashe itararangira, yaciye asaba iyinga kugira ngo azirikane kuri ico kintu umwamikazi yari avuze.

Ku ndwi yakurikiye, Cameron yarashikirije intumwa z’umwamikazi amasabuni abiri akozwe mu bintu vyo ng’aho mu gihugu iwabo. Ico kintu hamwe n’ibindi bikorwa vyungura abanyagihugu abamisiyonari b’abanyamyuga bakoze, vyaramaze igihe kitari gito bitururuje umwamikazi maze bararangiza gucapura hafi ibitabu vyose vy’Ivyanditswe vy’igiheburayo.

Ikintu gitangaje cakurikiwe n’ikivuna umutima

Naho umwamikazi yabanje kwiyamiriza abamisiyonari, muri Rusama 1831 yarasohoye itegeko ritangaje. Yari yemereye abatwarwa biwe ko babatizwa bagacika abakirisu! Ariko rero iyo ngingo ntiyaragamye. Nk’uko igitabu kimwe (A History of Madagascar) kibivuga, “igitigiri c’ababatijwe carahagaritse umutima abantu bo ku kirimba batashimishwa n’uko haba amahinduka, bano baca bemeza umwamikazi yuko igihe abantu bagiye gusangira baba basezeranye ko bazoyobokera Abongereza.” Mu mpera za 1831, uburenganzira bwo kubatizwa rukirisu bwarakuweho, aho hakaba hari haheze amezi atandatu gusa avyemeye.

Ukuba umwamikazi yaguma yihindukiza mw’ijambo hamwe n’ukuba vyaragaragara ko abagize  intwaro bumira ku migenzo yabo bagumye barushiriza kugira akosho gakomeye, vyaratumye abamisiyonari bihutisha ivyo kurangiza gucapura Bibiliya. Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vyari vyamaze kurangira, kandi amakopi ibihumbi n’ibihumbi yariko arakwiragizwa. Ariko rero, hari iyindi ntambamyi yashitse ku wa 1 Ntwarante 1835, igihe Umwamikazi Ranavalona wa mbere yamenyesha icese yuko ubukirisu butemewe n’amategeko maze ategeka ko ibitabu vya gikirisu vyose bishikirizwa abategetsi.

Iryo tegeko ry’umwamikazi kandi ryavuga yuko abanyeshure bo muri Madagascar batosubiye gukora muri wa mugambi wo gucapura. Ku bw’ivyo, kubera yuko abamisiyonari basanzwe bari ku rushi ari bo babwirizwa kurangiza ako kazi, igikorwa carabandanije umurango n’ijoro gushika aho impera n’imperuka Bibiliya yose yashikirizwa muri Ruheshi 1835. Emwe, Bibiliya yo mu kimaligashe yari ibonye izuba!

Magingo vyari bikibujijwe gutanga Bibiliya, zaratanzwe bimwe vyihuta, maze ikopi zishika 70 z’Ivyanditswe zirahambwa kugira ngo bazikingire guturirwa. Ivyo vyategerezwa gukorwa bimwe vyihutirwa kubera ko muri uwo mwaka, abamisiyonari bose uretse babiri gusa bobwirijwe kuva muri iryo zinga. Ariko rero, Ijambo ry’Imana ryariko rirakwiragizwa muri iryo Zinga rinini ry’agahama.

Ukuntu abantu bo muri Madagascar bakunda Bibiliya

Mbega ukuntu abantu bo muri Madagascar bagize akamwemwe bitumwe n’uko bari bashoboye gusoma Ijambo ry’Imana mu rurimi rwabo bwite! Iyo mpinduro ntibuzemwo udukosa kandi ururimi ikoresha rusa n’urutagikora. Ariko rero, ni gake wosanga inzu itarimwo Bibiliya kandi abantu benshi bo muri Madagascar barayisoma badahorereza. Ikintu gishimishije ku bijanye n’iyo mpinduro ni uko izina ry’Imana ari ryo Yehova riguma rikoreshwa mu Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo. Mu makopi yo mu ntango, izina ry’Imana riraboneka no mu Vyanditswe vy’ikigiriki. Ni co gituma abantu bo muri Madagascar nka bose bamenyereye izina ry’Imana.

Emwe, igihe amakopi ya mbere y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki yari amaze gucapurwa, uwari ahagarikiye ico gikorwa co gucapura ari we Baker, yarabonye akamwemwe abantu bo muri Madagascar bari bafise, maze avugana umunezero ati: “Sinshatse kuvuga ko ndi umuhanuzi, mugabo sinibaza ko Ijambo ry’Imana rizokwigera rizimanganywa muri kino gihugu!” Ivyo yavuze vyararangutse. Yaba malariya canke ingorane yo kwiga ururimi rugoye canke amategeko atorohereza ico gikorwa yatanzwe n’umutegetsi, ntivyashoboye kubuza ko Ijambo ry’Imana rishikira abantu muri Madagascar.

Ubu hoho, ibintu vyararyohowe kuruta. Uti gute? Mu 2008, Impinduro y’Isi nshasha y’Ivyanditswe Vyeranda yuzuye mu kimaligashe yarashikirijwe. Iyo mpinduro ni intambwe idasanzwe yatewe kubera yuko iri mu rurimi rwa none kandi rworoshe cane gutahura. Ni co gituma ubu Ijambo ry’Imana rishinze imizi bimwe bikomeye muri rya Zinga rinini ry’Agahama.​—Yes. 40:8.

[Akajambo k’epfo]

[Amafoto ku rup. 31]

“Impinduro y’isi nshasha” mu kimaligashe iratera iteka izina ry’Imana ari ryo Yehova