1. (a) Ni igikorwa ikihe Imana yahaye Adamu? (b) Kuva ico gihe, abasavyi b’Imana bakoresheje gute ubushobozi bwabo bwo kuvuga?

YEHOVA IMANA yarahaye ibiremwa vyiwe ingabirano yo kuvuga. Imana imaze gushira Adamu mu murima wa Edeni, yaramuhaye igikorwa camusaba kuvuga, ni ukuvuga kwita amazina ibikoko. Adamu yarakoresheje ubushobozi be n’ubwenge yari afise kugira yite igikoko kimwekimwe cose izina bikwiranye. (Ita. 2:19, 20) Kuva ico gihe, abasavyi b’Imana barabandanije gukoresha ubushobozi bwabo bwo kuvuga kugira bashemeze Imana bongere bamenyeshe abandi ivyo igomba. Mu bihe vya none, abasavyi b’Imana barakoresheje iyo ngabirano yo kuvuga mu guhindura Bibiliya kugira abantu benshi bashobore kumenya ivyerekeye Yehova.

2. (a) Ni ingingo izihe Komite ijejwe guhindura Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yisunze mu kurangura igikorwa cayo? (b) Ni ibiki twihweza muri iki kiganiro?

² Hariho Bibiliya ibihumbi zahinduwe, mugabo ziratandukanye uravye ukuntu ziserura ubutumwa buri mu bisomwa vyo mu ntango. Mu myaka ya 1940, Komite ijejwe guhindura Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yarashizeho ingingo zokwisungwa mu kuyihindura zakurikijwe mu ndimi zirenga 130. Izo ngingo ni izi: (1) Kweza izina ry’Imana mu kurisubiza mu kibanza ryarimwo mu ntango. (Soma Matayo  6:9.) (2) Guhindura ubutumwa bwahumetswe bwo mu ntango ijambo ku rindi aho bishoboka, mugabo bagaserura iciyumviro nyaco igihe babonye ko guhindura ijambo ku rindi vyohava bigoreka insobanuro. (3) Gukoresha imvugo yoroshe gutahura ituma abantu baca bipfuza gusoma iyo Bibiliya. * (Soma Nehemiya 8:8, 12.) Nimuze twihweze ukuntu izo ngingo zakurikijwe mu guhindura Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yasubiwemwo mu 2013 hamwe na Bibiliya zo mu zindi ndimi atari icongereza.

3, 4. (a) Ni ivyandikano vya kera ibihe birimwo za ndome zine z’igiheburayo zigize izina ry’Imana? (b) Ni igiki abahinduzi ba Bibiliya benshi bakoze ku bijanye n’izina ry’Imana?

³ Abatohoza ivyandikano vya Bibiliya vya kera vy’igiheburayo, nka ya mizingo yo ku Kiyaga c’Umunyu, barumirwa babonye ukuntu za ndome zine z’igiheburayo zigize izina ry’Imana ziboneka incuro nyinshi. Iryo zina ry’Imana ntiriboneka gusa mu vyandikano vy’igiheburayo vya kera ariko kandi riraboneka mu makopi amwamwe ya Bibiliya y’ikigiriki yitwa Septante yahinduwe kuva mu kinjana ca kabiri imbere ya Kristu gushika mu kinjana ca mbere inyuma ya Kristu.

⁴ Naho hari ibimenyamenya bitomoye vy’uko izina ry’Imana ry’uruharo riboneka muri Bibiliya, usanga muri Bibiliya nyinshi ata na hamwe iryo zina ryeranda ry’Imana riboneka. Nkako, inyuma y’imyaka ibiri gusa Bibiliya y’isi nshasha isohowe mu 1950, harasohowe iyindi Bibiliya y’icongereza (Revised Standard Version). Abahinduye iyo Bibiliya bisunze Bibiliya (American Standard Version) yo mu 1901. Mugabo barakuyemwo izina ry’Imana, baba bakoze ibihushanye n’ivyo abahinduye Bibiliya yo mu 1901 bakoze. Uti kubera iki? Akajambo k’intangamarara kayo kagira gati: “Ivyo gukoresha izina iryo ari ryo ryose ry’uruharo mu kuvuga Imana imwe rudende . . . ntibijanye na gato n’ukwemera kw’idini rya gikirisu kw’isi yose.” Abahinduye Bibiliya nyinshi mu nyuma, zaba iz’icongereza canke izo mu zindi ndimi, barisunze ico ciyumviro.

5. Kubera iki bihambaye kugumiza izina ry’Imana muri Bibiliya?

⁵ Ni kubera iki gushira izina ry’Imana muri Bibiliya canke kurikuramwo biri n’ico bivuze? Umuhinduzi aciye uruma arazi akamaro ko gutahura iciyumviro umwanditsi aba yashatse guserura. Ivyo biragira ico bikoze ku ngingo nyinshi afata mu guhindura. Ivyanditswe indiri vyo muri Bibiliya birerekana ko izina ry’Imana rihambaye be n’uko rikwiye kwezwa. (Kuv. 3:15; Zab. 83:18; 148:13; Yes. 42:8; 43:10; Yoh. 17:6, 26; Ivyak. 15:14) Umwe Bibiliya ikomokako ari we Yehova Imana, yarahumekeye abayanditse ngo bakoreshe izina ryiwe batitinya. (Soma Ezekiyeli 38:23.) Gukura iryo zina muri Bibiliya kandi riboneka incuro ibihumbi mu vyandikano vya kera, vyerekana ko umuntu atubaha uwo ikomokako.

6. Ni kubera iki izina ry’Imana riboneka izindi ncuro zitandatu muri Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yasubiwemwo?

⁶ Ibimenyamenya vy’uko izina ry’Imana rikwiye kugumizwa muri Bibiliya ntivyagabanutse ahubwo vyarongerekanye. Ya Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yasubiwemwo mu 2013 irimwo iryo zina incuro 7.216, hakaba hiyongeyeko incuro 6 ugereranije n’iyasohowe mu 1984. Zitanu muri izo ncuro tuzisanga muri 1 Samweli 2:25; 6:3; 10:26; 23:14, 16. Iryo zina ryasubijwe aho hantu canecane kubera ya mizingo yo ku Kiyaga c’Umunyu irimwo iryo zina muri iyo mirongo, ikaba yabayeho imyaka irenga 1.000 imbere y’igisomwa c’Abamasoreti cisunzwe mu guhindura Bibiliya y’isi nshasha. Ahantu hagira gatandatu iryo zina ryasubijwe ni mu Bacamanza  19:18, bikaba vyagizwe hisunzwe ubundi bushakashatsi bwagizwe ku vyandikano vy’iminwe vya kera.

7, 8. Kuba izina ry’Imana risobanura ngo “atuma bicika ukuntu” bisigura iki?

⁷ Abakirisu b’ukuri barazi ko izina rya Yehova rihambaye cane. Inyongera yo muri ya Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yasubiwemwo mu 2013 irimwo amakuru agezweho ku bijanye n’iryo zina. Komite ijejwe guhindura Bibiliya y’isi nshasha iratahura ko iryo zina riserura imero y’irivuga ry’igiheburayo ha·wahʹ, risobanura ngo “Atuma bicika ukuntu.” * Ibisohokayandikiro vyacu vyahora bitanga iyo nsobanuro vyisunze ibivugwa muri Kuvayo 3:14, ahagira hati: “NZOCIKA ICO NZOCIKA.” Ivyo vyatumye muri ya Bibiliya yasohorwa mu 1984 haserurwa iciyumviro c’uko iryo zina risobanura ngo “atuma we ubwiwe acika Uwushitsa imihango.” * Ariko rero mu Nyongera ya A4 muri ya Bibiliya yasubirwamwo mu 2013 hasigura hati: “Naho izina Yehova ryoba ririmwo ico ciyumviro, ntirigarukira ku co we ubwiwe ahitamwo gucika. Ririmwo kandi ivyo atuma biba ku bijanye n’ivyo yaremye hamwe n’iranguka ry’umugambi wiwe.”

⁸ Yehova aratuma ibiremwa vyiwe bicika ico ashatse. Nk’akarorero, yaratumye Nowa aba umwubatsi w’ubwato, aratuma Bezaleli aba umuhinga yakanongoreye mu vyo gukora utugenegene, Gideyoni aba umurwanantambara adatsindwa, Paulo na we aba intumwa ku mahanga. Abasavyi b’Imana baratahura ko izina ryayo rifise insobanuro ikomeye. Ni co gituma Komite ijejwe guhindura Bibiliya y’isi nshasha itigeze ifata minenerwe akamaro k’iryo zina ngo irikure muri Bibiliya.

9. Ni imvo imwe iyihe yatumye Bibiliya ihindurwa mu zindi ndimi?

⁹ Bibiliya y’isi nshasha, iyahinduwe mu ndimi zirenga 130, iratera iteka izina ry’Imana mu kurisubiza mu kibanza ryahozemwo mu gisomwa ceranda. (Soma Malaki 3:16.) Ivyo biratandukanye n’ukuntu abahinduzi benshi ba Bibiliya usanga bakuramwo izina ry’Imana, bakarisubiriza n’izina ry’icubahiro “Umukama” canke izina ry’ikimana co mu karere babamwo. Iyo ni yo mvo nyamukuru yatumye Inama Nyobozi y’Ivyabona vya Yehova yitwararika cane kuronsa abantu benshi bashoboka Bibiliya itera iteka izina ry’Imana.

10, 11. Ni ingorane zimwezimwe izihe abahinduye Bibiliya y’isi nshasha mu ndimi atari icongereza bagize?

¹⁰ Igikorwa co guhindura igisomwa ceranda mu ndimi nyinshi carabayemwo ingorane nyinshi. Nk’akarorero muri kahise, Bibiliya y’isi nshasha y’icongereza yarisunze izindi Bibiliya zimwezimwe z’icongereza zikoresha ijambo ry’igiheburayo “Sheoli” mu mirongo imwimwe nk’Umusiguzi 9:10. Uwo murongo wagira uti: “[Nta] gikorwa, canke umugambi, canke ubumenyi, canke ubukerebutsi muri Sheʹol, aho uriko uraja.” Abahinduye Bibiliya nyinshi mu zindi ndimi atari icongereza bagize ngorane yuko abasomyi benshi b’izo Bibiliya wasanga batamenyereye ijambo “Sheoli,” rikaba kandi ritaboneka muri kazinduzi zabo. Vyongeye, womenga ni izina ry’akarere kanaka. Baciye rero bemererwa gutomora neza insobanuro y’ijambo “Sheoli” be n’irindi ry’ikigiriki bisobanura kimwe ari ryo “Hadesi,” mu kuyahindura neza ngo “imva.”

¹¹ Mu ndimi zimwezimwe, guhindura ijambo ry’igiheburayo neʹphesh be n’ijambo ry’ikigiriki psy·kheʹ ukoresheje imvugo idahindagurika y’icongereza yo “umutima w’ubwenge” wasanga bivuruga umutwe. Uti kubera iki? Kubera ko  amajambo yo muri izo ndimi yashobora gutanga iciyumviro c’uko “umutima w’ubwenge” ari igihimba kidapfa c’umuntu. Ivyo vyarashobora gutanga iciyumviro kitari co c’uko ari ikintu kimeze nk’impwemu aho kuba umuntu ubwiwe. Vyaremewe rero ko iyo mvugo yohindurwa hisunzwe ivyiyumviro biyikikuje, mu buryo buhuye n’insobanuro yatanzwe mu Nyongera ya 6 muri Bibiliya y’isi nshasha, urupapuro rwa 1943. Haciye rero hitwararikwa cane ko igisomwa coroha gutahura, amakuru yofasha ku bijanye n’ukuntu ayo majambo ahindurwa na yo akenshi agashirwa mu tujambo tw’epfo.

12. Ni amahinduka ayahe yagizwe muri Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yasubiwemwo mu 2013? (Raba kandi ikiganiro kivuga ngo “Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yasubiwemwo mu 2013” kiri muri iki kinyamakuru.)

¹² Ibibazo abahinduzi babajije vyarerekanye yuko vyari gushoboka ko ivyiyumviro bitahurwa nabi no mu congereza. Ni co gituma muri Nyakanga 2007, Inama Nyobozi yemeye ko igisomwa c’icongereza gisubirwamwo. Ibibazo ibihumbi abahinduzi ba Bibiliya babajije vyarisunzwe igihe ico gisomwa cariko kirasubirwamwo. Imvugo z’icongereza zataye igihe zarasubirijwe. Haragizwe akigoro kadasanzwe ko gutuma ico gisomwa kiba igitomoye, icoroshe gutahura n’ikitagiramwo amakosa. Kwisunga ivyari vyarakozwe mu zindi ndimi vyarakarihije igisomwa c’icongereza, ni ukuvuga ko vyakiryohoye.—Imig. 27:17.

13. Abantu bakiriye gute Bibiliya yasubiwemwo mu 2013?

¹³ None abantu bakiriye gute iyo Bibiliya y’isi nshasha y’icongereza yasubiwemwo? Icicaro gikuru c’Ivyabona vya Yehova kiri i Brooklyn cararonse amakete ibihumbi yo gukenguruka. Ivyo mushiki wacu umwe yavuze birerekana ukuntu benshi bayakiriye. Yagize ati: “Iyi Bibiliya ni isandugu ibogaboga utubuyenge tw’agaciro. Gusoma amajambo ya Yehova mu buryo butomoye ukoresheje Bibiliya yasubiwemwo mu 2013 vyogereranywa no kwihweza akabuyenge kamwekamwe, ukaryoherwa n’impande nyinshi zikagize, ukuntu gatomoye, ibara ryako be n’ubwiza bwako. Iyo Bibiliya yashizwe mu mvugo yoroshe yaramfashije kurushiriza kumenya Yehova, uwumeze nk’umuvyeyi ankikiye ariko aransomera amajambo yiwe aruhura.”

14, 15. Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yo mu zindi ndimi atari icongereza yakiriwe gute?

¹⁴ Bibiliya y’isi nshasha y’icongereza yasubiwemwo  si yo yonyene yakoze ku mutima abantu. Umutama umwe w’i Sofia muri Bulugariya, yavuze ku vyerekeye Bibiliya y’ikibulugariya ati: “Maze imyaka myinshi nsoma Bibiliya, ariko sinari bwigere nsoma Bibiliya yoroshe cane gutahura kandi inkora ku mutima nk’iyi.” Igihe mushiki wacu umwe wo muri Albaniya yaronka Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yuzuye, na we nyene yavuze ati: “Ese ukuntu Ijambo ry’Imana rinyura amatwi mu kinyalubaniya! Mbega agateka twatewe kubona Yehova atuyagisha mu rurimi rwacu kavukire!”

¹⁵ Mu bihugu vyinshi usanga Bibiliya izimvye kandi itaboneka. Kuyironka vyonyene rero ni umuhezagiro udasanzwe. Raporo imwe yavuye mu Rwanda yagize iti: “Abantu benshi wasanga bamara igihe kirekire biga Bibiliya n’abavukanyi mugabo ntibatere imbere kubera ata Bibiliya baba bafise. Ntibaronka amahera yo kugura Bibiliya zigurishwa n’amadini yaho. Vyongeye, akenshi ntibashobora gutahura neza insobanuro y’imirongo imwimwe, bigaca bituma badatera imbere.” Ibintu vyarahindutse igihe Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yaboneka mu rurimi rwabo. Umuryango umwe wo mu Rwanda ufise abana bane b’imiyabaga wavuze uti: “Turakengurukira vy’ukuri Yehova be n’umushumba w’umwizigirwa kandi w’ubwenge kubona baraduhaye iyi Bibiliya. Turi bakene kandi ntitwari kuronka amahera yo kugura Bibiliya zidukwiye. Mugabo ubu umwe wese arafise Bibiliya yiwe. Kugira twerekane ko dukengurukira Yehova, turasoma Bibiliya buri musi uko tugize umuryango.”

16, 17. (a) Yehova yipfuriza iki abasavyi biwe? (b) Dukwiye kwiyemeza iki?

¹⁶ Mu gihe kiri imbere, Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yasubiwemwo izoboneka mu ndimi ziyongereye. Shetani aragerageza guhagarika ico gikorwa, mugabo turazi ko Yehova yipfuza yuko abasavyi biwe bose bamwumviriza igihe abayagira mu mvugo itomoye kandi itahurika. (Soma Yesaya 30:21.) Hazogera aho “isi izokwuzura koko ubumenyi bwa Yehova nk’uko amazi apfutse ikiyaga.”—Yes. 11:9.

¹⁷ Nimuze twiyemeze kwungukira ku ngabirano yose iva kuri Yehova, harimwo n’iyo Bibiliya itera iteka izina ryiwe. Nureke akuyagishe buri musi biciye kw’Ijambo ryiwe. Ubushobozi bwiwe butagira aho bugarukira buratuma atega yompi amasengesho tumutura. Ukwo kuyaga na Yehova bizodufasha kurushiriza kumumenya maze urwo tumukunda rurushirize kwongerekana.—Yoh. 17:3.