Vyoba bikenewe ko wiga igiheburayo n’ikigiriki?

BIBILIYA nka yose mu ntango yanditswe mu ndimi zibiri gusa, ni ukuvuga igiheburayo n’ikigiriki. a Abayanditse muri izo ndimi, bari barongowe n’impwemu nyeranda y’Imana. (2 Samweli 23:2) Ni co gituma ubutumwa banditse bushobora kuvugwa ko “[bwa]humetswe n’Imana.”​—2 Timoteyo 3:16, 17.

Ariko rero, benshi mu bantu basoma Bibiliya muri iki gihe ntibatahura igiheburayo canke ikigiriki. Ahubwo riho, usanga bakeneye gukoresha Bibiliya yahinduwe mu rurimi basanzwe bavuga. Ushobora kuba ukeneye kubigenza nk’ukwo nyene. Kubera yuko izo Bibiliya zihinduwe mu zindi ndimi zitemeza yuko zahumetswe, woshobora kuba umaze kwibaza uti: ‘Ubwo noba nshobora gutahura ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya bimwe vyuzuye kandi nkoresha iyahinduwe mu rundi rurimi, canke nkwiye kugerageza kwiga igiheburayo n’ikigiriki?’

Ibintu ukwiye kugumiza ku muzirikanyi

Imbere yo kwishura ico kibazo, urakeneye kugumiza ku muzirikanyi ibintu bitari bike. Ikintu ca mbere ni uko kumenya gusa igiheburayo n’ikigiriki vya kera ubwavyo bidatuma mu buryo bw’igitangaro umuntu aca yoroherwa no gutahura ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya. Igihe Yezu yariko arabwira Abayuda bo mu gihe ciwe, yavuze ati: “Murasesangura Ivyanditswe, kubera ko mwiyumvira yuko biciye kuri vyo muzogira ubuzima budahera; kandi ivyo ni vyo nyene binshingira intahe. Yamara rero ntimushaka kuza kuri jewe ngo mugire ubuzima.” (Yohani 5:39, 40) None ingorane bari bafise yari iyihe? Yoba yari iy’uko batatahura igiheburayo? Oya namba, urwo rurimi bari baruzi neza. Yamara rero, Yezu yaciye yongerako ati: “Ndazi neza yuko mutagira ugukunda Imana muri mwebwe.”​—Yohani 5:42.

Muri ubwo buryo nyene, intumwa Paulo yabwiye abakirisu bavuga ikigiriki bo mu gisagara ca kera ca Korinto, ati: “Abayuda basaba ibimenyetso, Abagiriki na bo bakarondera ubukerebutsi; mugabo twebwe twamamaza Kristu yamanitswe, ku Bayuda akaba igitsitaza mugabo ku mahanga akaba ubupfu.” (1 Abakorinto 1:22, 23) Biragaragara rero yuko kuvuga gusa igiheburayo canke ikigiriki atari co kintu nyamukuru ubwaco catuma umuntu yemera ubutumwa dusanga mw’Ijambo ry’Imana.

Ikintu kigira kabiri ni uko, naho abantu bamwebamwe muri kino gihe bavuga igiheburayo canke ikigiriki vya none, izo ndimi zitandukanye bimwe biboneka n’igiheburayo be n’ikigiriki vyakoreshejwe mu kwandika Bibiliya. Abenshi mu bantu bavuga ikigiriki muri kino  gihe basanga ari urugamba gutahura neza ikigiriki cakoreshejwe mu kwandika Bibiliya. Ivyo bimeze gutyo kubera yuko urwo rurimi rwongewemwo ayandi majambo, imvugo za kera zirasubirizwa, kandi amajambo menshi agikoreshwa akaba afise insobanuro zitandukanye n’izo yari afise. Nk’akarorero, ijambo ryahinduwe ngo “mwiza” mu Bikorwa 7:20 no mu Baheburayo 11:23, mu kigiriki ca none risobanura ngo “atwenza.” Vyongeye, harabaye amahinduka menshi mu bijanye n’indimburo be n’inyubako y’amungane vy’urwo rurimi.

Naho wokwiga igiheburayo canke ikigiriki vyo muri kino gihe, ntibisobanura ko ku bwa ngingo woca urushiriza gutahura Bibiliya mu buryo butagiramwo amakosa ukoresheje indimi yanditswemwo mu ntango. Woguma ukenera kwisunga inyizamvugo be n’ibitabu vy’indimburo kugira ngo bikwereke ukuntu izo ndimi zakoreshwa igihe ibitabu vyo muri Bibiliya vyandikwa ari bwo bwa mbere.

Ikintu kigira gatatu ni uko kwiga urundi rurimi bishobora kuba igikorwa kigoye cane. Naho mu ntango hari ukuntu womenga biroroshe kwiga amajambo makeya yo mu rundi rurimi, vyoshobora gusaba ko umara imyaka n’iyindi ugira utwigoro tudatezura imbere yuko ushobora gutahura amatandukaniro adashoka yibonekeza yo muri urwo rurimi. Muri ico gihe nyene, wa mugani ngo “Uwutazi ukuri yazambira uwumurya” woshobora kuba uw’ukuri. Uti gute?

Iri jambo risobanura iki?

Vyoba birashika umuntu ariko ariga ururimi uvuga akakubaza ico ijambo rinaka risobanura? Niba bimaze gushika, urazi ko bitama vyoroshe gutanga inyishu. Uti kubera iki? Kubera yuko ijambo rimwe ryoshobora kugira insobanuro zitari nke. Woshobora kuba waciye usaba uwo muntu ngo atange akarorero k’iryo jambo mu ryungane. Utazi ibiriko biravugwa ku bijanye n’iryo jambo, vyoshobora kukugora kumenya ico iryo jambo risobanura muri ico gihe. Nk’akarorero, woshobora kuba wabajijwe insobanuro y’irivuga ry’ikirundi “guca.” Iryo rivuga rimwe rirashobora kugira insobanuro zitandukanye bivanye n’ibiriko biravugwa. Ryoshobora gusobanura kurengana, kugegena, guhagarika kuvyara canke guharira ivomo. Mu kindi gihe na ho ryoshobora gukoreshwa igihe bashaka kuvuga yuko bwakeye, canke mbere ko umuntu yapfuye (igihe bavuze ngo ‘kaciye’). Igihe ridondora ibikorwa bimwebimwe, rirashobora gukoreshwa mu mvugo zitandukanye nko guca umugani, guca urubanza canke guca ingero. Igihe rikoreshejwe mu mvugo ngo “guca ku biti no ku mabuye,” “guca ku mayange” canke ngo “guca ku mahwa,” rica rigira insobanuro itandukanye cane n’izo zo haruguru. None muri izo nsobanuro zose, iyo uwo muntu aba arondera iba ari iyihe?

Inyizamvugo yoshobora kuguha insobanuro zose zishoboka z’ijambo rinaka. Inyizamvugo zimwezimwe mbere ziratondeka izo nsobanuro z’ijambo zisunze ukuntu rikunze gukoreshwa. Mugabo ibiba biriko biravugwa mu gihe iryo jambo rikoreshejwe ni vyo bigufasha kumenya insobanuro iba ihuje n’ivyo biriko biravugwa. Tubitangire akarorero: Dufate ko ata bintu vyinshi uzi mu bijanye n’ubuganga ariko ukaba ushaka kumenya igituma uriko urashikirwa n’ibimenyetso binaka vy’indwara. Woshobora gusuzuma inyizamvugo y’ivy’ubuvuzi. Yoshobora kukubwira yuko ibice 90 kw’ijana vy’abafise ivyo bimenyetso baba barwaye indwara imwe, ariko ko ibice 10 kw’ijana vy’ababifise baba barwaye iyindi ndwara itandukanye rwose n’iyo ya mbere. Woba ukeneye ayandi makuru atari make imbere yuko umenya neza na neza indwara urwaye iyo ari yo. Muri ubwo buryo nyene, kuba uzi ibice 90 kw’ijana vy’insobanuro y’ijambo rinaka, nta co bigufasha igihe uba uriko urasoma igisomwa gihambaye gikoreshwamwo iyindi nsobanuro y’iryo jambo. Uba ukeneye kumenya ibindi vyinshi ku bijanye n’ibiriko biravugwa kugira ngo ushobore gutahura iryo jambo.

Ku bijanye no kwiga amajambo yo muri Bibiliya, na ho nyene urakeneye kumenya ibiba biriko biravugwa igihe ayo majambo aba akoreshejwe. Nk’akarorero, amajambo yo mu ntango akunze guhindurwa ngo “impwemu” arashobora kugira insobanuro zitandukanye, bivanye n’ibiba biriko biravugwa igihe aba akoreshejwe. Rimwe na rimwe, arashobora guhindurwa ngo “umuyaga” kandi umuntu akaba atihenze. (Kuvayo 10:13; Yohani 3:8) Mu bindi bihe, usanga yerekeza ku nguvu y’ubuzima iri mu biremwa vyose bizima, baba abantu canke ibikoko. (Itanguriro 7:22; Zaburi  104:29; Yakobo 2:26) Ibiremwa vyo mw’ijuru bitaboneka na vyo nyene bidondorwa ko ari impwemu. (1 Abami 22:21, 22; Matayo 8:16) Inguvu zikora z’Imana zitwa impwemu nyeranda. (Itanguriro 1:2; Matayo 12:28) Iryo jambo “impwemu” rirakoreshwa mu kwerekeza ku nguvu zituma umuntu agaragaza agatima kanaka canke inyiyumvo yinaka, rikerekeza no ku gatima kiganje umugwi kanaka w’abantu ugaragaza.​—Yosuwa 2:11; Abagalatiya 6:18.

Naho inyizamvugo y’igiheburayo canke y’ikigiriki yoshobora gutanga urutonde rw’izo nsobanuro zitandukanye, ibiba biriko biravugwa ni vyo bishobora kugufasha kumenya insobanuro ibereye iyo ari yo. b Ivyo ni ko biri waba uriko urasoma Bibiliya mu ndimi zo mu ntango canke uriko ukoresha iyahinduwe mu rurimi usanzwe uvuga.

Vyoba ari bibi gukoresha Bibiliya yahinduwe mu rundi rurimi?

Hari abagize utwigoro dukomeye two kwiga igiheburayo canke ikigiriki vyakoreshejwe mu kwandika Bibiliya, kibure biga izo ndimi zompi. Naho bazi neza ko ugutahura kwabo kuri n’aho kugarukira, barahimbarwa n’ukuba bashobora gusoma Bibiliya mu ndimi yanditswemwo mu ntango kandi bakabona ko vyari bibereye ko bagira utwo twigoro twose. Ariko none, nimba udashoboye kubigenza gutyo, woba ukwiye kwumva ucitse intege ugaca uheba kurondera kumenya ukuri kwo muri Bibiliya? Habe namba! Hariho imvo zitari nke zituma dushika kuri ico ciyumviro.

Ubwa mbere, gukoresha Bibiliya yahinduwe mu rundi rurimi ni ikintu kibereye. Nkako, abanditsi b’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki, ibikunze kwitwa Isezerano Rishasha, akenshi bakoresheje Bibiliya ihinduwe mu kigiriki igihe baba bariko barasubiramwo amajambo yo mu Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo. c (Zaburi 40:6; Abaheburayo 10:5, 6) Naho bavuga igiheburayo kandi bakaba bari bashoboye  gusubiramwo ayo majambo bayakuye mu Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo vyo mu ntango, bigaragara ko vyaborohera cane gukoresha impinduro y’ivyo vyanditswe wasanga abo bariko barandikira bashobora kuronka bitagoranye cane.​—Itanguriro 12:3; Abagalatiya 3:8.

Ubwa kabiri, naho nyene umuntu yoba ashoboye gutahura indimi Bibiliya yanditswemwo, ashobora gusoma amajambo ya Yezu igihe gusa ahinduwe mu rundi rurimi. Ivyo ni uko biri kubera yuko abanditsi b’Injili banditse mu kigiriki ivyo Yezu yari yavuze mu ntango mu rurimi rw’igiheburayo. d Umuntu uwo ari we wese yiyumvira ko kuba ashoboye gusoma amajambo y’abasavyi ba Yehova b’abizigirwa ba kera mu ndimi yanditswemwo mu ntango vyoba bituma hari ukuntu aca aronka ubukerebutsi budasanzwe, arakwiye kurimbura ico ivyo bintu vyabaye bisobanura. Kuba Yehova yarahumekeye abantu kugira ngo amajambo yavuzwe n’Umusavyi wiwe ahambaye kuruta abandi bose bayazigame gusa mu kuyahindura mu rundi rurimi, ni ukuvuga mu rurimi rwatahurwa n’abantu benshi ico gihe, vyerekana ko ururimi dusomamwo Bibiliya atari rwo ruhambaye. Igihambaye ni uko dusoma ubutumwa bwiwe bwahumetswe mu rurimi dushobora gutahura maze tukagira ico dukoze.

Ubwa gatatu, “inkuru nziza” iri muri Bibiliya yobwirijwe gushikira abantu bicisha bugufi bo mw’“ihanga ryose n’umuryango wose n’ururimi rwose n’igisata cose.” (Ivyahishuwe 14:6; Luka 10:21; 1 Abakorinto 1:27-29) Mu buryo buhuye n’ivyo, abantu benshi cane muri kino gihe barashobora kwiga ibijanye n’umugambi w’Imana bakoresheje Bibiliya iri mu rurimi basanzwe bavuga, batarinze kwiga urundi rurimi. Mu ndimi nyinshi, haraboneka impinduro za Bibiliya zitandukanye zitari nke, bigatuma abasomyi bashobora kwihitiramwo iyo bokoresha. e

None woshobora gute kwiyemeza neza ko utahura ukuri dusanga muri Bibiliya? Ivyabona vya Yehova basanze kwiga Bibiliya ufatiye ku ciyumviro nyamukuru kinaka, wisunze ibiba biriko biravugwa, ari uburyo bubafasha gutahura ubutumwa dusanga mw’Ijambo ry’Imana. Nk’akarorero, barafata iciyumviro kinaka, nk’“Umubano w’ababiranye,” maze bakihweza ivyanditswe vyerekeza kuri ico ciyumviro. Muri ubwo buryo, barareka igice kimwe ca Bibiliya kikerekana ico ikindi gice cayo gisobanura. Ubona gute wungukiye ku nyigisho ya Bibiliya yo ku muhana Ivyabona vya Yehova bagirira abavyipfuza bose ata co barinze kuriha? Naho woba uvuga ururimi uruhe, Imana yipfuza ko “abantu b’uburyo bwose bakizwa bagashika ku bumenyi butagira amakosa bwerekeye ukuri.”​—1 Timoteyo 2:4; Ivyahishuwe 7:9.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

[Uruzitiro/Ifoto ku rup. 22]

Impinduro Septante

Abayuda bavuga ikigiriki bo mu gihe ca Yezu be n’intumwa ziwe barakoresheje cane Bibiliya yahinduwe mu kigiriki yitwa Septante. Iyo ni impinduro y’Ivyanditswe vy’igiheburayo mu kigiriki. Bibiliya yitwa Septante si iy’idasanzwe gusa kubera yuko ari yo yabaye yo mpinduro ya mbere y’Ivyanditswe vyeranda izwi bagerageje guhindura mu rundi rurimi, ariko kandi ntisanzwe kubera ukuntu kuyihindura bitari vyoroshe. Umugwi w’abahinduzi watanguye igikorwa co guhindura iyo mpinduro Septante mu kinjana ca gatatu B.G.C., maze ico gikorwa gisozerwa n’abandi haciye imyaka irenga ijana.

Abakirisu bo mu ntango ntibatevye gukoresha mu buryo ngirakamaro iyo mpinduro Septante kugira ngo berekane yuko Yezu ari Kristu, ni ukuvuga Mesiya yasezeranywe. Baravyifashemwo neza cane ku buryo abantu bamwebamwe baciye batangura kubona ko ngo iyo mpinduro Septante ari iya gikirisu. Ivyo vyatumye itaba igihurumbirwa n’Abayuda, maze haca hatangura gutunganywa izindi Bibiliya zitari nke zihinduwe mu kigiriki. Imwe muri izo ni iyatunganijwe mu kinjana ca kabiri G.C. n’Umuyuda yari yahindukiriye ubukirisu yitwa Aquila. Mu kudondora iyo mpinduro, incabwenge imwe mu vya Bibiliya irerekeza ku “muce utari witezwe na gato.” Izina ry’Imana ari ryo Yehova, iryanditswe mu ndome za kera z’igiheburayo, riraboneka muri iyo mpinduro ya Aquila yose yo mu kigiriki.

[Abo dukesha ifoto]

Israel Antiquities Authority

[Amafoto ku rup. 23]

Birahambaye ko dusoma ubutumwa bwahumetswe bwo muri Bibiliya mu rurimi dushobora gutahura maze tukagira ico dukoze