Woba wari ubizi?

Amazina yo ku tubumba twa kera tudomweko ibidodo yoba ahuye n’ayavugwa muri Bibiliya?

▪ Kera cane, abitwararika inzandiko zemewe na Leta barazizinga, bakazibohesha umugozi, bagashira ibumba ribomvye kw’ipfundo ry’uwo mugozi bagaca baridomako ikidodo. Barakoresha ibidodo mu gutera umukono ku nzandiko, mu gushingira intahe ivyanditsemwo no mu kuzemeza.

Rimwe na rimwe impeta barazomekako ibidodo kandi ivyo bidodo vyabonwa ko ari ibintu vy’agaciro. (Itanguriro 38:18; Esiteri 8:8; Yeremiya 32:44) Akenshi wasanga ico kidodo kiriko izina rya nyeneco, izina ryiwe ry’icubahiro be n’izina rya se.

Abashakashatsi barubuye utubumba amajana n’amajana (bulles) twa kera tudomweko ibidodo. Tumwetumwe muri two turiko amazina y’abantu bavugwa muri Bibiliya. Nk’akarorero, abacukuzi b’ivya kera barubuye ibintu biteweko ibidodo, bikaba vyiyumvirwa ko ivyo bidodo vyari ivy’abami babiri ba Yuda. Igisomwa kimwe kivuga giti: “Ni ica Ahazi [mwene] Yehotamu [Yotamu], Umwami wa Yuda.” Ibindi bisomwa bivuga biti: “Ni ica Hezekiya [mwene] Ahazi, Umwami wa Yuda.” (2 Abami 16:1, 20) Ahazi na Hezekiya batwaye mu kinjana c’umunani B.G.C. (B.G.C. bisobanura imbere y’igihe cacu).

Incabwenge z’ivya Bibiliya zarasuzumye utundi tubumba tudomweko ibidodo, bikaba vyiyumvirwa ko ivyo bidodo vyari ivy’abantu bavugwa muri Bibiliya. Muri abo harimwo abavugwa mu vyanditswe na Yeremiya, nka Baruki (umunyamabanga wa Yeremiya), Gemariya (“mwene Shafani”), Yerahimeyeli (“umuhungu w’umwami”), Yukali (“mwene Shelemiya”), na Seraya (mwene wabo na Baruki).​—Yeremiya 32:12; 36:4, 10, 26; 38:1; 51:59.

Ibihe bitandukanye vy’umusi bidondorwa gute muri Bibiliya?

▪ Ivyanditswe vy’igiheburayo birakoresha imvugo nk’izi ngo “igitondo,” “umutaga” n’“umugoroba.” (Itanguriro 24:​11; Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:​29; 1 Abami 18:​26) Abaheburayo wasanga bagabura ijoro mu materama atatu y’amasaha anane, ariko bahavuye bisunga uburyo Abagiriki n’Abaroma bakoresha bwo kurigabura mu materama ane. Biboneka ko Yezu yariko yerekeza kuri ubwo buryo bwa kabiri bwo kugabura ijoro igihe yavuga ati: “Mugume muri maso, kuko mutazi igihe nyen’urugo azozirako, namba azoza buhwibiriye canke mu gicugu canke mu nkoko canke mu gatondo ka kare.” (Mariko 13:​35) Iterama rya mbere, ni ukuvuga “buhwibiriye,” ryatangura izuba rirenze rigashika isaha zitatu z’ijoro. Irikurikira ryarangira mu gicugu, irya gatatu na ryo, ni ukuvuga iryo “mu nkoko,” rikarangira nk’isaha icenda z’ijoro. Irya nyuma, ari ryo terama ryo mu gatondo ka kare, ryarangira izuba riserutse. Igihe Yezu yagendera ku Kiyaga c’i Galilaya, hari mu gihe c’“iterama rigira kane ry’ijoro.”​​—⁠Matayo 14:​23-26.

Mu Vyanditswe vy’ikigiriki, ijambo “isaha” ryerekeza ku kiringo c’umurango giharurwa uhereye izuba riserutse gushika rirenze, ukakigaburamwo ibice 12. (Yohani 11:9) Kubera yuko umwanya izuba riserukirako n’uwo rirengerako muri Isirayeli uvana n’igihe baba bagezemwo, wasanga bagereranya gusa mu kuvuga igihe ikintu kanaka cabereyeko, bakavuga nk’akarorero ngo “nko kw’isaha ya gatandatu.”​​—⁠Ivyakozwe 10:9.

[Ifoto ku rup. 15]

Utubumba tudomweko ibidodo biriko amazina Hezekiya na Ahazi (akabumba k’imbere), kumbure na baruki (ak’inyuma)

[Abo dukesha amafoto]

Ak’inyuma: Ifoto dukesha Israel Museum, Jerusalem Ak’imbere: Ifoto dukesha www.BibleLandPictures.com/​Alamy

[Ifoto ku rup. 15]

Igikoresho vagera isaha mu kiringo c’inganji y’abaroma (27 B.G.C.–476 G.C.)

[Abo dukesha ifoto]

© Gerard Degeorge/​The Bridgeman Art Library International