Woba wari ubizi?

Indongozi z’idini ry’Abayuda zo mu gihe ca Yezu zabona gute abantu batobato?

▪ Mu kinjana ca mbere G.C. (G.C. bisobanura mu Gihe Cacu), abantu bakomakomeye be n’abakuru b’idini bo muri Isirayeli barasuzugura abantu bize amashure make canke batize. Nk’akarorero, Abafarizayo bavuze bati: “Iri sinzi ritazi Itegeko ni ibivume.”​—Yohani 7:49.

Ibindi bitabu bidashingiye kuri Bibiliya vyerekana ko abantu bahambaye wasanga bita n’akagaye n’akantu abantu batize ngo ni ba ʽam ha·ʼaʹrets, ni ukuvuga “abanyagihugu.” Mu ntango, iryo ryari ijambo ry’icubahiro ryakoreshwa ku banyagihugu bose b’imvukira zo mu karere kanaka. Umuntu akoresheje iryo jambo ntiyaba avuze gusa abakene canke abantu bo hasi, ariko kandi yaba avuze n’abahambaye.​—Itanguriro 23:7; 2 Abami 23:35; Ezekiyeli 22:29.

Ariko rero mu gihe ca Yezu, iryo jambo ryakoreshwa mu gusuzugura abantu vyabonwa ko batazi rya Tegeko rya Musa canke abadakurikiza utuntu tw’ido n’ido two mu migenzo y’abarabi. Icitwa Mishna (ni ukuvuga icegeranyo c’ivyiyumviro vyahavuye biba ryo shingiro ry’igitabu citwa Talimudi) kiragabisha abantu ku bijanye no kurara mu nzu za ba ʽam ha·ʼaʹrets. Nk’uko inkoranyabumenyi imwe (The Encyclopedia of Talmudic Sages) ibivuga, incabwenge yo mu kinjana ca kabiri yitwa Rabi Meir yigishije iti: “Umuntu afashe umukobwa wiwe akamuha am ha’aretz ngo amwabire ni nk’aho aba amuboshe akamushira imbere y’intambwe ica imugurukirako imbere yo kumurotsa.” Ca gitabu citwa Talimudi kirasubiramwo amajambo y’uwundi murabi yavuze ngo “abantu batize ntibazozuka.”

Izina Sezari rikoreshwa muri Bibiliya risobanura iki?

▪ Sezari ryari izina ry’umuryango ry’ikiroma rya Gayo Yuliyo Sezari, uwari yagenywe ngo abe umutware yica agakiza w’Uburoma mu 46 B.G.C. (B.G.C. bisobanura imbere y’igihe cacu). Abami b’abami b’Abaroma benshi bo mu nyuma bariyitiriye izina Sezari, harimwo batatu bavugwa amazina muri Bibiliya, ari bo Ogusito, Tiberiyo na Kolode.​—Luka 2:1; 3:1; Ivyakozwe 11:28.

Muri 14 G.C., Tiberiyo yarabaye umwami w’abami kandi ni we yategeka mu kiringo cose igikorwa ca Yezu co kw’isi camaze. Ni we rero Sezari yari ku butegetsi igihe Yezu yavuga ariko yishura ikibazo kijanye no kuriha amakori, ati: “Nimwishure Sezari ivya Sezari, mugabo ivy’Imana muvyishure Imana.” (Mariko 12:17) Biragaragara ko Yezu atashatse kwerekana ko iyo nyishu yiwe yari yerekeye gusa Tiberiyo. Ahubwo, “Sezari” yagereranya ubutegetsi, ni ukuvuga Leta.

Nko mu 58 G.C., igihe intumwa Paulo yabona ko ashobora kurenganywa, yarakoresheje uburenganzira umunyagihugu wese w’Umuroma yari afise bwo kwungururiza kwa Sezari. (Ivyakozwe 25:8-11) Mu kubigenza gutyo, Paulo ntiyari asavye gucirwa urubanza na Nero ubwiwe, uwari umwami w’abami ico gihe, ahubwo yari asavye gucirwa urubanza na sentare nkuru y’iyo nganji.

Iryo zina ry’umuryango Sezari ryahavuye rigiranira isano rya hafi n’ubutegetsi ku buryo n’igihe uwa nyuma mu bo mu muryango w’Abasezari yaheza gutwara, iryo zina ryagumye rikoreshwa nk’izina rya cami.

[Ifoto ku rup. 29]

Idenariyo y’ifeza iriko ishusho ya Tiberiyo