VARSOVIE, Polonye—Tariki ya 27 Mutarama 2015 uzaba ari umunsi wo kwizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 70 abari bafungiwe mu kigo cy’Abanazi cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cya Auschwitz bamaze bafunguwe. Abanazi bashinze icyo kigo bagamije kucyiciramo abantu bo mu bwoko batashakaga, nanone baza kujya bagikoresha batoteza Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu bihugu bitandukanye, harimo n’abo mu Budage.

Uwo muhango urimo gutegurwa n’Inzu Ndangamurage ya Auschwitz-Birkenau ifatanyije n’Inama Mpuzamahanga ya Auschwitz. Biteganyijwe ko uwo muhango uzitabirwa na Perezida wa Polonye, Bronisław Komorowski, n’abandi bashyitsi bazaba baturutse hirya no hino ku isi bahagarariye ibihugu byabo. Nanone uwo muhango uzanyuzwa kuri za televiziyo.

Ikigo cya Auschwitz giherereye mu nkengero z’umugi wo muri Polonye witwa Oświęcim wari warigaruriwe n’Abanazi mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose. Icyo kigo cyagizwe ikigo gikoranyirizwamo imfungwa muri Kamena 1940, ubwo cyoherezwagamo imfungwa 700 zo muri Polonye. Bidatinze icyo kigo cyaje kwagurwa kigira ibindi bigo binini n’ibito bigera kuri 40. Buri munsi abantu bagera ku 20.000 bicwaga na gazi yo mu byumba bine byabaga muri icyo kigo. Abantu bagera kuri miriyoni imwe n’ibihumbi ijana, harimo n’Abahamya ba Yehova basaga 400, bafungiwe muri icyo kigo mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu cyamaze.

Urubuga rw’Inzu Ndangamurage ya Auschwitz-Birkenau rugira ruti “uretse ahantu hake gusa, ubundi ibitabo bivuga amateka y’ikigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cya Auschwitz ntibivuga Abahamya ba Yehova (icyo gihe bitwaga Abigishwa ba Bibiliya) bafungwaga bazira imyizerere yabo. Icyakora abo bantu na bo dukwiriye kubatekerezaho bitewe n’uko bakomeye ku byo bemeraga igihe bari bafungiwe muri icyo kigo.” Inyandiko zo muri iyo nzu ndangamurage zigaragaza ko Abahamya ba Yehova bari mu mfungwa za mbere zafungiwe muri icyo kigo, kandi mu Bahamya babariwa mu magana bahafungiwe, abasaga 35 ku ijana barahaguye.

Ubutegetsi bw’Abanazi bwatangiye kwibasira Abahamya ba Yehova mu mwaka wa 1933, maze buza no guca umuryango wabo mu Budage hose. Amahame Abahamya bagenderaho n’ibikorwa byabo byabaga bihabanye cyane n’amatwara y’Abanazi. Urugero, Abahamya ntibashoboraga gukoresha indamukanyo yo gusingiza Hitileri, kuko bumvaga ko kumusingiza byaba ari uguhemukira Imana yabo. Nanone Abahamya ntibemeraga kugira umurimo uwo ari wo wose wa gisirikare bakora, kandi ibyo byafatwaga nko kurwanya ubutegetsi. Mu mwaka wa 1943, Andrzej Szalbot yarafashwe maze afungirwa mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cya Auschwitz afite imyaka 19. Yaravuze ati “iyo wangaga kujya mu gisirikare, wajyanwaga mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa.” Abahamya babwirwaga ko bahita barekurwa nibamara gusinya inyandiko ivuga ko basezeye mu idini ryabo kandi bakavuga ko inyigisho zaryo ari ikinyoma. Szalbot yanze gushyira umukono kuri iyo nyandiko.

Iyo inyandiko z’ubutegetsi bw’Abanazi zivuga ku Bahamya ba Yehova zikoresha inyuguti “IBV,” ari zo mpine y’izina ry’umuryango uhagarariye Abahamya ba Yehova mu by’amategeko mu Budage. Abanazi bategekaga Abahamya gushyira agatambaro ka mpandeshatu y’isine ku myambaro yabo. Ako kamenyetso katumaga imfungwa z’Abahamya zabaga ziri mu nkambi zimenyana. Buri mugoroba, mbere yo kujya ku iperu, zabanzaga guhurira hamwe zigaterana inkunga. Kubera ko hari abantu bari bafunzwe batangazwaga n’ukuntu Abahamya bagwa neza kandi bakagira ukwizera, Abahamya bashakaga uko babigisha Bibiliya mu ibanga. Hari imfungwa nyinshi zabaye Abahamya ba Yehova ziri muri icyo kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa.

Mu gitondo cyo kuwa gatandatu, tariki ya 27 Mutarama 1945 ni bwo ingabo za Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti zageze mugi wa Oświęcim. Ku isaha ya saa cyenda z’amanywa, izo ngabo zari zimaze kubohora imfungwa 7.000 zari mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cya Auschwitz I, Auschwitz II (Birkenau), n’icya Auschwitz III (Monowitz).

Umuhamya wa Yehova witwa Stanisław Zając, ni umwe mu mfungwa zibarirwa mu bihumbi mirongo Abanazi bavanye ku ngufu mu kigo cya Auschwitz, igihe cyari cyugarijwe n’ingabo z’Abasoviyeti. Zając n’izindi mfungwa zigera ku 3.200 zavuye mu nkambi nto ya Jaworzno maze zinyura mu rubura rwinshi, ari na byo bikunze kwitwa inzira y’urupfu. Bivugwa ko abantu batageze ku 2.000 ari bo barangije urwo rugendo rw’iminsi itatu bakagera i Blechhammer, mu kindi kigo gito cy’iyo nkambi cyari mu ishyamba. Mu nkuru Zając yanditse, yavuze uko urugamba rwagenze igihe we n’izindi mfungwa bari bihishe mu nkambi, agira ati “twumvaga ibimodoka by’intambara bihita, ariko nta muntu n’umwe wubuye umutwe ngo arebe ingabo zari muri ibyo bimodoka. Mu gitondo twaje kumenya ko zari ingabo z’Abarusiya. . . . Ingabo z’Abarusiya zari zakwiriye muri iryo shyamba. Aho ni ho ibibi naboneye mu nkambi z’Abanazi byarangiriye.”

Muri uyu mwaka, ibiganiro n’amamurika arebana no kwizihiza isabukuru ya 70 ishize abari bafungiwe mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cya Auschwitz barekuwe, bizaba ku itariki ya 27 Mutarama, kandi bizabera mu migi itandukanye yo hirya no hino ku isi.

Ushinzwe amakuru:

Ku rwego mpuzamahanga: J. R. Brown, Ibiro Bishinzwe Amakuru, tel. +1 718 560 5000

Mu Budage: Wolfram Slupina, tel. +49 6483 41 3110

Muri Polonye: Ryszard Jabłoński, tel. +48 608 555 097