Ibikorwa bishyigikiwe na guverinoma y’u Burusiya byo kubangamira Abahamya ba Yehova byafashe indi ntera. Ibiro by’Umushinjacyaha Mukuru muri icyo gihugu, biherutse kuvuga ko bigiye gufunga ibiro by’Abahamya ba Yehova, bibashinja gushyigikira ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa. Ku itariki ya 2 Werurwe 2016, V. Ya. Grin, Umushinjacyaha Mukuru wungirije, yanditse ibaruwa asaba ko ibiro by’Abahamya byakemura ibyo we yita ibibazo byose baregwa, mu gihe kitarenze amezi abiri.

Iyo baruwa yarushijeho gukaza ibikorwa bya leta y’u Burusiya byo gutoteza Abahamya ba Yehova no kubabuza umudendezo wabo mu by’idini. Ibivugwa muri iyo baruwa biramutse byubahirijwe, ibiro by’Abahamya byo muri icyo gihugu byafungwa, umuryango wabo ugashyirwa ku rutonde rw’imiryango ikora ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa kandi umutungo wawo ukigarurirwa na leta. Nanone ibyo biro biramutse bifunzwe, byatuma indi miryango 406 ihagarariye Abahamya ba Yehova mu rwego rw’amategeko ikorana n’ibyo biro ifungwa, ndetse n’amatorero asaga 2.500 na yo agafungwa. Ibyo byatuma Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu Burusiya bose bamburwa amazu basengeramo (nanone yitwa Amazu y’Ubwami). Mu yandi magambo, gufunga ibyo biro byavutsa Abahamya ba Yehova uburenganzira bwo gukora ibikorwa bijyanye n’idini ryabo.

Iyo gahunda u Burusiya bwateguye yo kwibasira Abahamya ba Yehova, ishingiye ku bihamya bidafatika n’imikoreshereze mibi y’itegeko ry’icyo gihugu rikumira ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa. Mu mwaka wa 2015, Komite y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Iharanira Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu yavuze ko ihangayikishijwe na “raporo zitandukanye zigaragaza uko iryo tegeko [rikumira ubutagondwa] rikoreshwa hagamijwe kuvutsa Abahamya ba Yehova n’abandi bantu uburenganzira bwo kuvuga icyo batekereza, . . . umudendezo mu by’idini no kubibasira.” *

Abahamya ba Yehova ni idini rifite abayoboke ku isi hose. Ibihugu byo hirya no hino ku isi bigendera kuri demokarasi bibaha umudendezo, harimo n’ibyo mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi. Ariko u Burusiya bwo ntibubikozwa! Gahunda yo kwibasira Abahamya b’abanyamahoro yatangiye mu myaka ya za 90 rwagati. Byarushijeho gukaza umurego igihe u Burusiya bwatoraga itegeko rikumira ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa kandi bukarikoresha nabi bugamije kwibasira abo butifuza.

Mu mwaka wa 2012, u Burusiya bwatoye itegeko rikumira ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa bugamije kurwanya iterabwoba. Icyakora, kuba iryo tegeko ridasobanura neza icyo ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa ari cyo, byatumye Komite y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Iharanira Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu ihangayikishwa n’uko abayobozi b’icyo gihugu bashobora kurikoresha nabi bakibasira abo batifuza. Mu mwaka wa 2003, iyo komite yasabye u Burusiya kugira icyo buhindura kuri iryo tegeko kandi bugasobanura neza icyo ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa ari cyo, kugira ngo iryo tegeko ritazajya rikoreshwa nabi. *

Aho gusobanura neza iryo tegeko, u Burusiya bwongereye aho rikoreshwa. Mu mwaka wa 2012, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’Inama Nkuru y’Ibihugu by’u Burayi yaravuze iti “mu itegeko rya mbere, ubutagondwa bwasobanuraga ‘ibikorwa bishishikariza abantu kugira ivangura rishingiye ku rwego rw’imibereho, ubwoko, igihugu cyangwa idini, ibifitanye isano n’urugomo cyangwa gukangurira abantu ibikorwa by’urugomo.’ Igihe iryo tegeko ryakorerwaga ubugororangingo mu mwaka wa 2006, bakuyemo interuro igira iti ‘ibifitanye isano n’urugomo cyangwa gukangurira abantu ibikorwa by’urugomo.’ . . . Ibyo bisobanuro by’iryo tegeko bitumvikana neza, bituma abayobozi barikoresha nabi.”

Impungenge z’uko iryo tegeko rishobora gukoreshwa nabi zari zifite ishingiro. Mu mwaka wa 2007, Ibiro by’Umushinjacyaha Mukuru byitwaje amagambo akoreshwa muri iryo tegeko, maze bisaba ko Abahamya ba Yehova bakorwaho iperereza. Nanone, V. Ya. Grin, Umushinjacyaha Mukuru wungirije washyize umukono kuri ya baruwa ivuga ko ibiro by’Abahamya bishobora gufungwa, yandikiye abandi bashinjacyaha abasaba gukora iperereza ku Bahamya ba Yehova. Iyo baruwa ni ikimenyetso cya mbere kigaragaza ko gahunda yo kwibasira Abahamya izakwirakwira mu gihugu hose kandi igashyirwamo ingufu na leta.

Nubwo Abahamya ba Yehova batigeze bakora ibyaha bihanwa n’amategeko, guhera mu mwaka wa 2007, abashinjacyaha bo mu Burusiya babakozeho iperereza incuro zisaga 500. Nanone ya raporo y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’Inama Nkuru y’Ibihugu by’u Burayi yagiraga iti “itegeko ‘rikumira ibikorwa by’ubutagondwa,’ ryatowe mu mwaka wa 2002, ryagiye rikoreshwa nabi rigamije kwibasira amadini amwe n’amwe, cyane cyane Abahamya ba Yehova bafite abayoboke 162.000 mu Burusiya. Ibyo byarushijeho gukaza umurego kuva iryo tegeko ryakorerwa ubugororangingo mu mwaka wa 2006.” *

Mbere y’uko abayobozi bavuga ibyo gufunga ibiro by’Abahamya biri hafi y’umugi wa St. Petersburg, babanje kubuzanya bimwe mu bitabo byacu. Abashinjacyaha bo mu mugi wa Taganrog na Gorno-Altaysk batanze ibirego mu rukiko basaba ko bimwe mu bitabo by’Abahamya byashyirwa ku rutonde rw’ibitabo birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa.

Mu mwaka wa 2009 n’uwa 2010, inkiko zo muri Taganrog na Gorno-Altaysk zemeye ibyo abo bashinjacyaha bavuga, zishingiye ku bushakashatsi bw’abantu biyita impuguke. Imyanzuro ibiri yafashwe n’izo nkiko yatumye ibitabo by’Abahamya bigera kuri 52 bibuzanywa. Kuva icyo gihe, iyo myanzuro ni na yo abayobozi bagiye bashingiraho ibirego byinshi baregaga Abahamya. Abayobozi bo mu zindi ntara na bo batangiye gukurikiza imyanzuro yafashwe n’urukiko rwo muri Taganrog n’urwo muri Gorno-Altaysk. Ubu inkiko zimaze kwemeza ko ibitabo 87 by’Abahamya bishyirwa ku rutonde rw’ibitabo birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa.

Abahamya ntibemera imyanzuro yafatiwe mu nkiko zo muri Taganrog na Gorno-Altaysk n’indi myanzuro yose yafatiwe mu nkiko z’u Burusiya ivuga ko ibitabo byabo birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa. Bashyikirije Urukiko rw’u Burayi Ruharanira Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu ibirego 28 basaba kurenganurwa. Biteganyijwe ko urwo rukiko ruzasuzuma ibirego 22 muri ibyo, rukabifatira imyanzuro. Igihe leta y’u Burusiya yireguraga muri urwo rukiko, yemeye ko bimwe mu bitabo by’Abahamya biri ku rutonde rw’ibitabo birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa, “bidashishikariza abantu kugira urugomo mu buryo bweruye.”

Abayobozi b’u Burusiya bamaze kuvuga ko ibitabo by’Abahamya ba Yehova birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa kandi bakabyemeza mu nkiko, baboneyeho uburyo bwo kugaba ibitero ku Bahamya no kubabuza uburenganzira bwo kuvuga ibyo batekereza. Ibyo babikora nta cyo bikanga kuko amategeko abibemerera.

• Mu mwaka wa 2010, abayobozi b’u Burusiya banze ko Abahamya binjiza mu gihugu Umunara w’Umurinzi na Nimukanguke! kandi bakabikwirakwiza. Umunara w’Umurinzi watangiye gucapwa mu mwaka wa 1879. Utwo dutabo twombi ni two dutabo dukwirakwizwa cyane ku isi hose.

• Kuva muri Werurwe 2015, abayobozi banze ko ibitabo byose by’Abahamya ba Yehova byinjizwa mu gihugu.

• Kuva muri Nyakanga 2015, u Burusiya bwafunze urubuga rwemewe rw’Abahamya ba Yehova, ari rwo jw.org; ibyo bituma umuntu wese uri mu Burusiya atabona ibitabo bya elegitoroniki biri kuri urwo rubuga. Gushishikariza abandi kujya kuri urwo rubuga na cyo cyabaye icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko.

• Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2016, umushinjacyaha wo mu mugi wa Vyborg yasabye ko Bibiliya—Ubuhinduzi bw’isi nshya yandikwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova, yashyirwa ku rutonde rw’ibitabo birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa.

Abayobozi b’u Burusiya babuza Abahamya uburenganzira bwo kuvuga icyo batekereza. Ariko si ibyo gusa, kuko bifashisha ibitabo by’Abahamya bavuga ko birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa kugira ngo babone uko bakora iperereza ku miryango Abahamya bakoresha mu rwego rw’amategeko, kandi babone uko bajyana Abahamya mu nkiko babaziza kwifatanya mu bikorwa by’idini ryabo.

Iyo igitabo kimaze gushyirwa ku rutonde rw’ibitabo birimo ibitekerezo by’ubutagondwa, ntikiba cyemerewe gukwirakwizwa, gucapwa no kukibika ugamije kuzagitanga. Abayobozi b’ibanze barabyitwaza maze bagasaba inkiko uburenganzira bwo gusaka ingo z’Abahamya zibarirwa mu magana n’Amazu y’Ubwami yabo, bashaka ibyo bitabo byabuzanyijwe.

Incuro nyinshi, iyo baje gusaka, bahutaza abantu kandi bakarenga ku mategeko, kuko bafatira ibintu by’abantu ku giti cyabo kandi bagafatira n’ibindi bitabo n’iyo byaba bitari kuri rwa rutonde.

• Muri Kanama 2010, mu mugi wa Yoshkar-Ola, itsinda ry’abantu bagera hafi kuri 30, barimo abapolisi, abashinzwe umutekano n’abasirikare bitwaje intwaro, barogoye amateraniro y’Abahamya. Abo bantu bafashe bamwe muri abo Bahamya barabaniga. Basatse iyo Nzu y’Ubwami, bafatira ibintu byabo bwite, ibitabo n’ibindi.

• Muri Nyakanga 2012, abashinzwe umutekano bo muri Repubulika ya Karelia, bipfutse mu maso kandi bitwaje intwaro, bafashe Umuhamya bamubohera amaboko mu mugongo kandi bamuhonda ku modoka. Abo bantu basatse inzu z’Abahamya, bafatira ibintu byabo n’ibitabo byo mu rwego rw’idini batabanje no kureba niba biri kuri rwa rutonde cyangwa bitariho.

• Muri Werurwe 2016, abapolisi bo muri Repubulika ya Tatarstan bagabye ibitero ku Nzu y’Ubwami no mu ngo z’Abahamya. Bafatiriye za mudasobwa, tabuleti n’ibitabo byabo.

Abayobozi bagiye bafata za videwo mu ibanga z’Abahamya bari mu ngo zabo cyangwa mu Mazu y’Ubwami. Nanone bagiye bumviriza telefoni z’Abahamya, bakagenzura ubutumwa bwo kuri interineti bohererezwa, kandi bagakoresha n’ubundi buryo bwo gushaka amakuru bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Byageze n’aho abapolisi bashyira ibitabo byabuzanyijwe mu Mazu y’Ubwami kugira ngo babone uko bashinja Abahamya ubutagondwa. Ibyo byatumye Abahamya benshi bashinjwa ibyaha.

Abayobozi bagiye barega Abahamya ba Yehova ku giti cyabo, bakabajyana mu nkiko. Bageze n’aho, abayobozi bazana rwihishwa mu Mazu y’Ubwami ibitabo byabuzanyijwe, kugira ngo babone impamvu y’urwitwazo yo gusesa imiryango Abahamya bakoresha mu rwego rw’amategeko. * Iyo umuryango wo mu rwego rw’amategeko ufunzwe ushinjwa ubutagondwa, leta ifatira umutungo wawo. Ibyo bituma Abahamya ba Yehova batakaza amazu yabo yo gusengeramo. Uko ni ko byagenze mu mugi wa Taganrog na Samara. Abayobozi bo mu yindi migi na bo biyemeje kubigenza batyo.

Igihe abayobozi basesaga umuryango wo mu rwego rw’amategeko Abahamya bakoreshaga mu mugi wa Taganrog, bahise bavuga ko iyo Abahamya bateraniye hamwe basenga “baba bica amategeko kuko baba bakora umurimo ufitanye isano n’umuryango washeshwe.” Ibyo rwose binyuranye n’amategeko. Abayobozi bo mu mugi wa Taganrog bakoresheje ayo mayeri, bajyana mu nkiko Abahamya ba Yehova 16 babaziza gusa ko bateranira hamwe mu mahoro. Ayo materaniro, ni na yo abandi Bahamya bo ku isi hose bakora. Kuva leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti zasenyuka, ni ubwa mbere umugi wa Taganrog uvuze ko gusengera mu Bahamya ba Yehova ari icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko.

Abayobozi nibafunga ibiro by’Abahamya, n’umurimo dukora uzaba ubuzanyijwe mu Burusiya hose. Abahamya bose bo muri icyo gihugu bazajya bajyanwa mu nkiko bazira gusa ko bajya mu materaniro cyangwa ko babwira abandi ibyo bizera, nk’uko bimeze kuri bagenzi babo bo muri Taganrog. Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu Burusiya bazaba bemerewe gukomeza kwizera ibyo bizeraga ariko batemerewe gukora ibihuje n’iyo myizerere yabo. *

Philip Brumley, umujyanama w’Abahamya ba Yehova yaravuze ati “kuba Abahamya barashyizwe mu gatebo kamwe n’udutsiko tw’intagondwa kandi ibitabo byabo bigashyirwa ku rutonde rw’ibitabo bishyigikira iterabwoba, birababaje kandi ni akarengane gakomeye. Abayobozi b’u Burusiya bakoresheje nabi itegeko rinyuranye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga, amahame y’Inama Nkuru y’Ibihugu by’u Burayi, Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga ku Burenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu n’itegekonshinga ryo mu Burusiya. Bakoresha iryo tegeko bagamije gutoteza abantu basenga mu mahoro no gufunga ibiro by’Abahamya ba Yehova.”

Vasiliy Kalin, umuvugizi w’Abahamya mu Burusiya yaravuze ati “kuva mu kinyejana cya 19, Abahamya ba Yehova bakoreraga mu Burusiya, kandi bihanganiye ibitotezo bikaze mu gihe cy’Abasoviyeti. Nyuma yaho leta na yo yemeye ko twakandamizwaga. Turifuza gukomeza gusenga mu mahoro mu Burusiya. Badushinja ibyo birego by’ibinyoma bitwaje ibyo bita ubutagondwa, ariko mu by’ukuri babitewe n’uko tudahuje na bo imyizerere. Mu by’ukuri ntituri intagondwa.”

Abahamya ba Yehova biringiye ko u Burusiya buzasigasira uburenganzira bwabo mu by’idini nk’uko bimeze mu bindi bihugu. Nanone barasaba ko Ibiro by’Umushinjacyaha Mukuru bireka kubangamira imikorere y’icyicaro cyabo kandi bagasaba u Burusiya kubahiriza uburenganzira bw’abantu bo mu madini mato. Gusa ikibazo ni ukumenya niba u Burusiya buzabikora cyangwa se bugasubiza ibintu i rudubi bikamera nk’uko byari bimeze mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Abasoviyeti.