Ese guhekenya imbuto zitwa beteli birakwiriye?

IYO uri mu Majyepfo ya Aziya wigendera mu nzira, ushobora guhura n’umuntu maze yaseka ukabona amenyo ye ni umukara, akanwa ke kuzuye amacandwe atukura nk’amaraso. Hanyuma ujya kubona, ukabona aciriye hasi, akahasiga ibintu bitukura ku buryo ubona bihanduje. Uwo muntu aba arimo ahekenya imbuto zitwa beteli.

Kuva muri Afurika y’iburasirazuba, ukajya muri Pakisitani, mu Buhindi, ugakomeza mu burasirazuba bw’Amajyepfo ya Aziya werekeza muri Papouasie Nouvelle Guinée no muri Micronésie, abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni amagana, ni ukuvuga 10 ku ijana by’abatuye isi, bahekenya izo mbuto. Abazicuruza bashyira ameza yabo mu masoko no ku mihanda, kandi hari igihe baba bari kumwe n’abana babo. Abandi bazicuruza bo bacana amatara aho bacururiza kandi bagakoresha abakobwa bambaye imyenda ibyutsa irari ry’ibitsina, kugira ngo bareshye abakiriya.

Ku isi hose, izo mbuto zinjiza amafaranga abarirwa muri za miriyari z’amadolari y’Abanyamerika buri mwaka. Ariko se imbuto za beteli zimeze zite? Kuki abantu benshi bazihekenya? Ni izihe ngaruka ibyo bigira ku buzima bwabo? None se guhekenya izo mbuto Bibiliya ibibona ite? Kandi se abazihekenya bakora iki ngo bacike kuri iyo ngeso?

Imbuto za beteli zimeze zite?

Nubwo izo mbuto bazita beteli, ubusanzwe ni imbuto z’igiti cyo mu bwoko bw’imikindo, kiba mu turere dushyuha two mu birwa by’Inyanja ya Pasifika no mu Burasirazuba bw’Amajyepfo ya Aziya. Izina beteli rikomoka ku bwoko bw’urusenda bita beteli, rudafite aho ruhuriye n’urwo rubuto. Abahekenya imbuto za beteli, bazishyiraho itaka rimeze nk’ishwagara, maze bakazipfunyika mu kibabi cy’urwo rusenda. Iryo taka rikamura ibintu bisharira muri urwo rubuto. Bamwe mu barya izo mbuto bongeramo ibirungo, itabi cyangwa ibintu biryohera, kugira ngo zibaryohere.

Urwo ruvange rwose, rutuma amacandwe aba menshi, kandi agahinduka umutuku nk’amaraso. Iyo abantu bahekenya izo mbuto baraciragura, ndetse n’iyo baba bari mu modoka, ku buryo hari igihe bacira abanyamaguru.

Ingaruka zo guhekenya izo mbuto

Hari raporo yavuze iti “abantu bahekenye izo mbuto kuva kera, kandi zagize uruhare rukomeye mu mibanire y’abantu, mu muco no mu birebana n’idini. Abazihekenya bakunda kuvuga ko nta cyo zitwaye kandi ko zituma bumva bameze neza, bacangamutse, kandi umubiri wabo ugakora neza. . . . Icyakora, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko izo mbuto zigira ingaruka” (Oral Health). Izo ngaruka ni izihe?

Abayobozi bashinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge bemeza ko hari ikintu kiba muri izo mbuto, gishobora gutuma abazihekenya babatwa na zo. Kandi koko, hari abantu bahekenya imbuto zigera kuri 50 ku munsi. Bidatinze, amenyo yabo atangira gushirira n’ishinya igatangira kurwara. Cya kinyamakuru cyavuze ko abantu bakunze guhekenya izo mbuto, bashirira amenyo, kandi iminwa yabo igatangira gupfunyarara. Nanone bashobora kurwara “indwara idakira kandi igenda ikura  . . . ituma inyama z’akanwa zizaho inkovu” (OSF).—Oral Health.

Nanone, guhekenya izo mbuto bishobora gutera kanseri yo mu kanwa, ishobora no gufata mu muhogo. Birashoboka ko ibyo ari byo bituma mu Burasirazuba bw’Amajyepfo ya Aziya haba abantu benshi barwaye kanseri yo mu kanwa. Mu duce two muri Tayiwani, ugereranyije 85 ku ijana by’abantu barwaye kanseri yo mu kanwa baba bahekenya izo mbuto. Nanone kandi, hari ikinyamakuru cyavuze ko “umubare w’abantu barwaye kanseri wikubye hafi incuro enye mu myaka 40 ishize, iyo ndwara ikaba iri mu ndwara icumi zihitana abantu kuri icyo kirwa.”—The China Post.

Ibyo ni na ko bimeze mu bindi bihugu. Hari ikinyamakuru cyavuze ko “Ishyirahamwe ry’Abaganga bo muri Papouasie Nouvelle Guinée, ryemeza ko imbuto za beteli abantu bo muri icyo gihugu bakunda guhekenya, zihitana abantu nibura 2.000 buri mwaka, kandi zigatera indwara nyinshi” (Papua New Guinea Post-Courier). Muri izo ndwara harimo iz’umutima. Hari umuganga wandika ingingo zerekeye ubuvuzi, wavuze ko “ingaruka zigera ku bantu babaswe no guhekenya izo mbuto, ari kimwe n’izigera ku banywa itabi.”

Bibiliya ibivugaho iki?

Bibiliya si igitabo cy’ubuvuzi, kandi nta cyo ivuga ku birebana no guhekenya imbuto za beteli. Icyakora, irimo amahame atandukanye yadufasha kuba abantu batanduye, bafite amagara mazima n’imibereho myiza. Tekereza ku mirongo yo muri Bibiliya ikurikira n’ibibazo bijyanye na yo.

‘Bakundwa, nimucyo twiyezeho umwanda wose w’umubiri n’uwo mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi dutunganishe ukwera kwacu gutinya Imana’ (2 Abakorinto 7:1). ‘Mutange imibiri yanyu ibe igitambo cyera cyemerwa n’Imana’ (Abaroma 12:1). Ese koko umuntu wanduza umubiri we ahekenya imbuto za beteli, yaba yera cyangwa atanduye mu maso y’Imana?

“[Imana] ni yo ituma tugira ubuzima” (Ibyakozwe 17:28). “Impano nziza yose n’impano yose itunganye ituruka mu ijuru” (Yakobo 1:17). Ubuzima ni impano twahawe n’Imana. Ubwo se umuntu wishora mu bikorwa byamuteza indwara, aba yubaha iyo mpano y’agaciro?

“Nta wushobora kuba umugaragu w’abatware babiri” (Matayo 6:24). “Sinzagira ikintu cyose nemerera kuntegeka” (1 Abakorinto 6:12). Ese umuntu ushaka gushimisha Imana, yakwemera kubatwa n’ingeso mbi, akemera ko igenga ubuzima bwe?

“Ukunde mugenzi wawe nk’uko wikunda” (Mariko 12:31). “Urukundo ntirugirira abandi nabi” (Abaroma 13:10). Ese twaba dukunda abandi by’ukuri, turamutse twanduza imihanda cyangwa ahandi hantu tuhacira amacandwe?

Byatinda byatebuka, ‘ibyo umuntu abiba ni na byo azasarura’ (Abagalatiya 6:7, 8). Ibyo nta cyo wabihinduraho. Ubwo rero, nitubiba ingeso mbi,  tuzasarura ingaruka mbi. Icyakora, iyo tubaho nk’uko Imana ibidusaba, ibyo bikaba bikubiyemo kwirinda ingeso mbi, dusarura ibyiza kandi tukagira ibyishimo nyakuri kandi birambye. None se niba wari usanzwe uhekenya izo mbuto, ariko ubu ukaba wifuza kugira ubuzima bwiza ukora ibyo Imana ishaka, wacika kuri iyo ngeso ute? Senga maze usuzume uko watera intambwe eshatu zikurikira zagaragaye ko ari ingirakamaro.

Intambwe eshatu zagufasha gucika kuri iyo ngeso

1. Menya impamvu nyazo ziguteye kubireka. Kugira ngo ucike ku ngeso mbi, ugomba kuba ufite impamvu nyazo zibiguteye, atari ukumenya gusa ko zigira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bwawe. N’ubundi kandi, hari abantu benshi bakomeza guhekenya izo mbuto, bakanywa itabi cyangwa bakanywa ibiyobyabwenge, bazi neza ko bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwabo. Turagutera inkunga yo kwiga Bibiliya kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku byerekeye Umuremyi wawe, kandi umenye ko agukunda cyane, kuko bizatuma ukomera ku mwanzuro wafashe wo gucika kuri iyo ngeso. Mu Baheburayo 4:12, hagira hati “ijambo ry’Imana ni rizima, [kandi] rifite imbaraga.”

2. Saba Imana ibigufashemo. Yesu Kristo yaravuze ati “mukomeze gusaba muzahabwa, mukomeze gushaka muzabona, mukomeze gukomanga muzakingurirwa.” Yunzemo ati “kuko usaba wese ahabwa, kandi umuntu wese ushaka abona, n’umuntu wese ukomanga azakingurirwa” (Luka 11:9, 10). Nusenga Yehova Imana y’ukuri kandi ukamusaba ubufasha n’imbaraga, ntazakwirengagiza. Muri 1 Yohana 4:8 havuga ko “Imana ari urukundo.” Intumwa Pawulo ari mu bantu biboneye urwo rukundo. Yaranditse ati “mu bintu byose, ngira imbaraga binyuze ku umpa imbaraga.”—Abafilipi 4:13.

3. Jya ugisha inama. Incuti zawe zishobora kukugiraho ingaruka mbi cyangwa zigatuma ugira imyifatire myiza. Mu Migani 13:20, hagira hati “ugendana n’abanyabwenge na we azaba umunyabwenge, ariko ugirana imishyikirano n’abapfapfa bizamugwa nabi.” Ku bw’ibyo, ujye uba maso mu gihe uhitamo incuti. Mu Bahamya ba Yehova, harimo benshi bahoze bahekenya izo mbuto. Ariko kwifatanya na bagenzi babo bahuje ukwizera no kwiga Bibiliya, byatumye babona imbaraga zidasanzwe, bacika kuri iyo ngeso mbi.

 [Agasanduku/​Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 24 n’iya 25]

NTIBAGIHEKENYA IZO MBUTO

Igazeti ya Nimukanguke! yagiranye ikiganiro n’abantu batanu bahoze bahekenya imbuto za beteli, ariko bakaba barabicitseho. Dore ibyo bavuze:

Ni iki cyatumye utangira guhekenya izo mbuto?

Pauline: Ababyeyi banjye batangiye kuzimpa nkiri umwana muto. Abantu bo mu mudugudu w’iwacu muri Papouasie Nouvelle Guinée barazikundaga.

Betty: Data yatangiye kumpa imbuto za beteli mfite imyaka ibiri. Igihe nari umwangavu, nahoranaga imbuto nyinshi za beteli ku buryo wagira ngo ndazera. Zari zarambase ku buryo nazibyukiragaho.

Wen-Chung: Natangiye kuzihekenya mfite imyaka 16. Nazihekenyaga ngira ngo nemerwe, kuko uwabikoraga wese bamwitaga umugabo kandi bakabona ko azi ibintu.

Jiao-Lian: Nacuruzaga izo mbuto kugira ngo mbone ikintunga. Iyo nabaga ngiye kuzirangura, nabanzaga kuzihekenya kugira ngo numve ko ari nziza. Ibyo ni byo byatumye mbatwa na zo.

Ni izihe ngaruka byakugizeho?

Jiao-Lian: Akanwa kanjye, amenyo n’iminwa byahindutse umutuku nk’amaraso. Iyo ndebye amafoto yanjye y’icyo gihe, numva mbuze aho nkwirwa. Na n’ubu ndacyagira udusebe ku minwa.

Pauline: Najyaga ngira ibisebe mu kanwa, iseseme kandi ngacibwamo.

Betty: Napimaga ibiro 35, ibyo bikaba byari bike cyane ku muntu wareshyaga nanjye. Amenyo yanjye yasaga nabi cyane, kandi akenshi iyo nabaga nyoza, nayaharurishaga utwuma.

Sam: Najyaga ncibwamo kandi nkarwara ishinya. Ubu nsigaranye iryinyo rimwe gusa! Nubwo nakoreshaga utwuma mparura amenyo yanjye, nta cyo byamariye.

Ni iki cyatumye ucika kuri iyo ngeso?

Pauline: Nasomye Bibiliya mu 2 Abakorinto 7:1, ko Imana yifuza ko ‘twiyezaho umwanda wose w’umubiri.’ Niyemeje gukora uko nshoboye kose kugira ngo nshimishe Umuremyi wanjye.

Sam: Nifuzaga ko umwuka wera wa Yehova unyobora mu mibereho yanjye. Ku bw’ibyo, nasenze Yehova kugira ngo amfashe kunesha ingeso yo guhekenya izo mbuto. Yashubije amasengesho yanjye, kuko ubu hashize imyaka igera kuri 30 ntazihekenya.

Jiao-Lian: Igihe nasomaga Bibiliya, nageze ahanditse ngo “nimukarabe ibiganza mwa banyabyaha mwe” (Yakobo 4:8). Ayo magambo yaramfashije cyane. Ese koko byari bikwiriye ko nkoresha izo mbuto kandi nkazicuruza, nzi ibibi byazo? Kuva ubwo, niyemeje ‘gukaraba ibiganza byanjye’ nkabivanaho ibyo bikorwa byanduza umuntu mu buryo bw’umubiri no mu buryo bw’umwuka.

Kuba wararetse guhekenya izo mbuto, byakumariye iki?

Wen-Chung: Natangiye guhekenya izo mbuto kugira ngo nemerwe n’urungano rwanjye. Ubu mfitanye ubucuti na Yehova n’abavandimwe na bashiki banjye duhuje ukwizera.

Sam: Ubu mfite ubuzima bwiza, haba mu buryo bw’umubiri no mu buryo bw’umwuka. Kandi ubu nshobora kwita ku muryango wanjye, kuko ntapfusha ubusa amafaranga nyajugunya mu bikorwa bibi.

Pauline: Ubu numva ntuje kandi ntanduye. Amenyo yanjye arererana kandi arakomeye. Kandi ubu, urugo rwanjye n’ubusitani ntibikirangwamo ibishishwa by’izo mbuto n’amacandwe atukura yabaga yuzuye hose.

Betty: Ubu mfite umutimanama ukeye n’ubuzima bwiza. Ndi umwarimu kandi buri kwezi mara igihe kirekire mu murimo wo kubwiriza.

[Amafoto]

Betty

Pauline

Wen-Chung

Jiao-Lian

Sam

[Imbonerahamwe/​Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 23]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu igazeti ya Nimukanguke!)

Umuntu wabaswe no guhekenya imbuto za beteli ashobora gufatwa n’indwara zikomeye

Amenyo yashiririye n’ishinya irwaye

Indwara yo mu kanwa

Kanseri yo mu kanwa

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 22]

Imbuto za beteli zipfunyitse mu kibabi cy’urusenda