Ese ukunda ibihumyo?

BA FARAWO bo muri Egiputa bakundaga ibihumyo, kandi bavugaga ko biryoha. Ibihumyo byaje kuba umwihariko w’umuryango wa cyami. Abaroma bavugaga ko ibihumyo ari ibyokurya by’imana, kandi bagakunda kubirya mu bihe byihariye. Abagiriki ba kera na bo bagiraga iminsi mikuru yari igenewe ibihumyo, kandi bumvaga ko byongereraga imbaraga ingabo zabo ku rugamba.

Icyakora, muri iki gihe ibihumyo si ibyokurya by’abakomeye gusa. Abantu bo hirya no hino ku isi barabikunda. Ese na we ni uko? Ese iyo ubirya, uba usobanukiwe ibyo urimo urya? Ese ibihumyo ni inyama, ni imboga cyangwa ni ikindi kintu? None se bikura bite? Ese bigira intungamubiri? None se wakora iki mu gihe ubibonye ku gasozi byapfuye?

Kugira ngo tubone ibisubizo by’ibyo bibazo, jye n’umugore wanjye twavuye mu mugi wa Sydney muri Ositaraliya, tujya mu mugi utagira uko usa wa Mittagong uri mu misozi yo muri leta ya Nouvelle-Galles du Sud. Twerekezaga he? Twari tugiye kureba umurima w’ibihumyo wa Noel Arrold.

Uko ibihumyo bihingwa

Noel, umugabo w’ibigango wo muri Ositaraliya, ni umuhanga mu binyabuzima akaba n’impuguke mu guhinga ibihumyo. Yize ibirebana no guhinga ibihumyo mu bihugu bitandukanye, nyuma yaho asubira muri Ositaraliya akajya abihinga kugira ngo abigurishe. Yaravuze ati “ibihumyo ni ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima biri mu itsinda rimwe n’uruhumbu cyangwa urubobi. Abahanga mu binyabuzima babanje gutekereza ko ibyo binyabuzima biri mu bwoko bw’ibimera, ariko basanze atari byo.

“Urugero, kugira ngo ibyo binyabuzima bibone ikibitunga, ntibikenera izuba nk’uko bimeze ku bimera hafi ya byose. Bishobora no kubaho mu mwijima. Kugira ngo bibeho, bivubura imisemburo icagagura ibimera ikabihinduramo intungamubiri z’ibanze zibitunga. Ubwo buryo bikoresha bishakisha ikibitunga na bwo bubitandukanya n’inyamaswa. Kubera ko ibyo binyabuzima bitabarirwa mu nyamaswa cyangwa mu bimera, abahanga  mu binyabuzima babishyira mu itsinda ryabyo ryihariye.”

Noel yakomeje agira ati “iyo ibihumyo byo mu gasozi bimaze gukura, bibyara utuntu duto cyane duhura n’utw’ibindi bihumyo, maze tukivanga tugatangira kumera. Iyo utwo tuntu turi ahantu hakonje kandi hatose hari ibyokurya, dushobora gukura tukavamo ibindi bihumyo. Abahinga ibihumyo bagamije kubigurisha bakoresha ikoranabuhanga, kugira ngo bongere umusaruro kandi bagire ibihumyo byiza.”

Tugisura aho hantu, Noel yadusobanuriye ko hakenerwa ibintu bitandukanye kugira ngo ibihumyo bikure, bitewe n’amoko yabyo. Urugero, ibihumyo by’umweru, ari na byo bizwi cyane ku isi, bikurira neza mu ifumbire y’imborera. Andi moko y’ibihumyo akurira mu mifuka y’ibishingwe, mu macupa arimo ibishishwa by’ibinyampeke, ku ngiga z’ibiti cyangwa mu ibarizo batsindagiye. Mu moko y’ibihumyo abarirwa mu bihumbi, agera kuri 60 yonyine ni yo ahingwa kugira ngo agurishwe.

Noel ahinga ibihumyo bye mu nzira ya gari ya moshi ica munsi y’ubutaka ariko itagikoreshwa, iri hafi y’umugi wa Mittagong. Yaratubwiye ati “aha hantu harakonja, ubutaka bwaho buratose ku buryo kuhahinga ibihumyo nta ko bisa.” Twahabonye imifuka itondekanyije, ibibindi n’amacupa yeramo ibihumyo bibarirwa mu bihumbi, ibinini n’ibito kandi bitameze kimwe. Bimwe muri ibyo bihumyo biba bisa n’indabyo z’amaroza, ibindi bisa n’amarebe naho ibindi bimeze nk’umufungo w’indabyo cyangwa imitaka. Twashimishijwe n’amabara yabyo atandukanye.

Biraryoha kandi bitekwa mu buryo bwinshi

Noel yabisobanuye agira ati “nubwo abantu benshi bakunda ibihumyo, hari igihe baba batazi kubiteka. Ariko kubiteka ntibigoye. Hari ababikatagura, maze bakabikaranga mu mavuta, bakabikoramo  isupu, salade cyangwa bakabyotsa. Jye nkunda ubwoko bw’ibihumyo byera ku biti, bavunguriyeho umugati ubundi bakabikaranga. Nanone iyo ufashe ubwoko bw’ibihumyo bumeze nk’imitaka maze ukabiteka mu mureti, wumva biryoshye nk’inyama.”

Ibihumyo bifite intungamubiri nyinshi. Birimo utuntu tumeze nk’utugozi umubiri wacu ukenera, poroteyine, imyunyu ngugu na za vitamine. Hari amoko agera ku 2.000 y’ibihumyo avamo imiti. Dukurikije ibyavuzwe muri raporo imwe y’ubuvuzi, ibihumyo bivamo imiti ikoreshwa mu kurwanya indwara zirenga 100, harimo kanseri, umwijima, sida, umutima n’indwara ituma umuntu atakaza ubushobozi bwo gutekereza.

Icyakora, ibihumyo byo mu gasozi bishobora guteza akaga. Urugero, nubwo ibiyege bisa n’ibihumyo, birica. Ku bw’ibyo, uzajye ukurikiza iyi nama igira iti “ntuzigere urya igihumyo cyo mu gasozi, keretse gusa umuntu ubizi neza akubwiye ko kiribwa.” Birumvikana ko ibihumyo bahingira kugurisha byo biribwa. Ni ibyokurya biryoshye byaribwaga n’abantu b’ibwami gusa!

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 22]

IBIHUMYO BYO MU GASOZI

Ibihumyo byo mu gasozi bikunze kumera mu mashyamba, kuko haba hari urumuri ruke, hakonje kandi hatose. Ibyo bihumyo bifite ukuntu bihindura ibiti byaguye, ibyatsi n’amahurunguru cyangwa amase y’inyamaswa, bikavamo ifumbire. Bimwe muri ibyo bihumyo byuzuzanya n’ibiti, aho kimwe kiba gikeneye ikindi. Ibyo bihumyo bitungwa n’ifumbire bivana mu mizi y’ibiti, ibiti na byo bigatungwa n’intungamubiri z’ibihumyo.

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 23]

GUTEGURA IBIHUMYO

• Ujye upfunyika ibihumyo bibisi mu bipapuro cyangwa mu gitambaro, maze ubone kubishyira muri firigo. Ntukabishyire hafi y’ibintu bifite impumuro ikaze, kuko bihita bifata iyo mpumuro.

• Niba ugiye kurya ibihumyo bibisi, ujye ubihanaguza agatambaro gatose, cyangwa ubironge maze use n’ubyumutsa n’agatambaro. Ntukabyinike mu mazi.

• Mu gihe uteka ibihumyo, ujye ubivanaho umwanda ukoresheje uburoso bworoshye.

• Ntugaharure ibihumyo, kuko igishishwa cyabyo kiba kiryoshye kandi kirimo intungamubiri.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 21]

Ibihumyo bihingwa muri iki cyumba gifite ibyuma byongera ubushyuhe cyangwa bikabugabanya

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 22]

Ibihumyo bimwe bisa n’indabyo nziza cyane

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 23]

Ibihumyo bikaranze bivanze n’isupu y’amashaza, imboga za epinari, tungurusumu n’ibitunguru bikase

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 21 yavuye]

Courtesy of the Mushroom Information Center

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 23 yavuye]

Hejuru: Courtesy of the Mushroom Information Center; hasi: Courtesy of the Australian Mushroom Growers Association