Ese bishobora kurindwa ntibicike?

MU MWAKA wa 2002, Umuryango w’Abibumbye watangaje ko wari ufite intego y’uko mu mpera z’imyaka icumi, umubare w’inyamaswa n’ibimera bigenda bicika ku isi wari kugabanuka. Mu rwego rwo gushimangira iyo ntego, umwaka wa 2010 wiswe Umwaka Mpuzamahanga w’Urusobe rw’Ibinyabuzima.

Ikibabaje ni uko uwo mwaka wageze bataraganya kugera kuri iyo ntego. Hari ikigo cy’itangazamakuru (BBC) cyavuze ko “ibikorwa by’abantu bigira uruhare mu gutuma inyamaswa n’ibimera bicika, ku muvuduko ukubye incuro 1.000 uw’uko zari kuzacika ku isi abantu batabigizemo uruhare.” Nanone, hari ikinyamakuru cyatanze imibare nyayo kigira kiti “ubwoko bumwe bw’ibimera muri butanu, ubwoko bumwe bw’inyamabere muri butanu, ubwoko bumwe bw’inyoni muri burindwi n’ubwoko bumwe bw’ibikururanda muri butatu, bushobora kuzacika ku isi” (New Zealand Herald). Kugira ngo tumenye impamvu itera icyo kibazo, reka dusuzume ibyabaye muri Nouvelle-Zélande mu binyejana byinshi bishize.

Urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima muri Nouvelle-Zélande

Mbere y’uko icyo gihugu giturwa, inyamaswa n’ibimera byari bimeze neza. Icyakora abahatuye bwa mbere bahazanye inyamaswa zagize ingaruka zikomeye ku binyabuzima byari bisanzwe muri icyo gihugu. Urugero, Abamawori bakwirakwije imbwa mu turere tw’inyanja ya Pasifika, kandi birashoboka ko banahakwirakwije imbeba zaribwaga zo muri Polineziya (zitwa kiore).

Nyuma yaho mu kinyejana cya 17 n’icya 18, Abanyaburayi bajyanye muri icyo gihugu imbeba zo mu mato, imbeba zisanzwe, n’injangwe zahise zihinduka inturo. Nanone Abanyaburayi boroye ihene, ingurube  ndetse n’impala zo kurya. Mu kinyejana cya 19, bazanye inyamaswa zifite umurizo muremure (Trichosurus vulpecula) n’inkwavu, kugira ngo bajye bazirya kandi bakoreshe impu zazo. Icyakora ntibatekereje ku ngaruka izo nyamaswa zari kuzagira ku biti, inyoni n’ibimera byari bisanzwe muri icyo gihugu.

Ahagana mu mwaka wa 1860, bajyanyeyo izindi nyamaswa (Mustela erminea), kugira ngo zirye inkwavu zari zarayogoje icyo gihugu. Aho kugira ngo zirye inkwavu, zibasiye inyoni zari zisanzwe muri ako gace zitazi kwiruka no kwirwanaho. Ibyo byatumye inkwavu zikomeza kwiyongera.

Kubera ko inyamaswa nto z’inyamabere zateje ingaruka nyinshi, Urwego Rushinzwe Kwita ku Bidukikije muri Nouvelle-Zélande, rwavuze ko ibyana icyenda ku icumi by’inyoni zitwa kiwi bivukira mu ishyamba bipfa bitaruzuza umwaka. Hari amoko menshi y’inyamaswa yamaze gucika burundu, muri yo hakaba harimo amoko arenga 40 y’inyoni, amoko atatu y’ibikeri, ubwoko bumwe bw’uducurama n’amoko nibura atatu y’imiserebanya, tutiriwe tuvuga amoko y’udukoko dutandukanye. Muri icyo gihugu hari amoko y’ibimera n’inyamaswa 5.819. Ariko arenga kimwe cya kabiri, ari ku rutonde rw’ibinyabuzima bishobora gucika ku isi. Ibyo bituma icyo gihugu kiba icya mbere mu bifite umubare munini w’ibinyabuzima bishobora gucika.

Hashyirwaho imbaraga zo gukemura icyo kibazo

Ibigo bya leta byo muri Nouvelle-Zélande birimo birakora uko bishoboye kugira ngo hatagira ibimera cyangwa inyamaswa biteje akaga byinjira muri icyo gihugu. Byongeye kandi, Urwego Rushinzwe Kwita ku Bidukikije rwamaze gushyiraho ingamba zo kumaraho burundu inyamaswa zangiza ibidukikije, cyane cyane mu birwa, kandi hashyirwaho uturere abantu batemerewe gukoreramo ibikorwa byakwangiza ibidukikije.

Kamwe muri utwo turere ni ikirwa cyitwa Tiritiri Matangi, kiri hafi y’umwigimbakirwa wa Whangaparaoa uri mu mugi wa Auckland. Mu mwaka wa 1993, imbeba zose zo kuri icyo kirwa zarishwe, hongera no guterwa amoko y’ibiti byari bihasanzwe, agera ku 280.000. Ubu muri ako karere nta bikorwa byangiza ibidukikije bihakorerwa, kandi abahasura  bashobora kubona inyoni zari zisanzwe muri ako gace zongeye gutuzwamo, bakumva n’indirimbo zazo. Muri izo nyoni harimo izitwa takahe, kokako n’izindi (Philesturnus carunculatus, Acanthisitta chloris na Notiomystis cincta). Kubera ko izo nyoni nziza zibera ahantu zidashobora kugirirwa nabi, akenshi abazisura bashobora kuzireba no kuzifotora bazegereye.

Mu mwaka wa 2003, hatanzwe itangazo rivuga ko ikirwa cya Campbell, kiri mu majyaruguru ya Antaragitika (impera y’isi y’epfo), kitakirangwamo imbeba, nyuma y’imyaka ibiri hatangijwe gahunda yo kuzitsemba. Kuva icyo gihe, ibimera byaho byongeye kumera, n’inyoni zo mu nyanja zitangira kugaruka. Hari n’ubwoko bw’ibishuhe budakunze kuboneka bwagaruwe kuri icyo kirwa.

Vuba aha, mu birwa bya Rangitoto na Motutapu, no mu kigobe cya Hauraki kiri mu mugi wa Auckland, hatangijwe umushinga ukomeye wo kuhagarura ibimera n’inyamaswa byahahoze. Uwo mushinga ugamije kurinda ishyamba rinini ku isi rya Pohutukawa, no kubungabunga inyamaswa n’ibimera byahagaruwe. Nyuma y’imyaka ibarirwa mu ijana inyoni zitwa Kakariki na Makomako zari zimaze zitaba kuri ibyo birwa, ubu zongeye kuhagarurwa bitewe n’uko izindi nyamaswa zazibangamiraga zaciwe burundu kuri ibyo birwa. Muri izo nyamaswa zahaciwe, harimo inturo, inkwavu, imbeba zo muri Noruveji, izo mu bwato n’izisanzwe, inyamaswa zirya inkwavu (Mustela erminea) n’izindi (Erinaceinae).

Izo ngero zirerekana icyakorwa kugira ngo amoko y’ibimera n’inyamaswa adacika, kandi hakosorwe amakosa yo kutareba kure abantu bakoze bakangiza ibidukikije. Abantu bakunda ibidukikije, bashobora gutegerezanya amatsiko isohozwa ry’isezerano ryo muri Bibiliya ryatanzwe na Yehova Imana, we ‘Muremyi w’ijuru n’isi.’ Iryo sezerano rivuga ko Yehova azavanaho ibikorwa byangiza ibidukikije, hakubiyemo inyamaswa n’ibindi binyabuzima.—Zaburi 115:15; Ibyahishuwe 21:5.

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 25]

Ibyana icyenda ku icumi by’inyoni zitwa kiwi bipfa bitaruzuza umwaka

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 26]

BAKORESHA NEZA UMUTUNGO BAFITE

Abantu baharanira kubungabunga ibidukikije ku isi, bahura n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’uko umubare w’amoko y’ibinyabuzima bishobora gucika ku isi ugenda wiyongera, kandi bakaba badafite amafaranga n’uburyo buhagije byo guhangana n’icyo kibazo. Hari ihame basigaye bakoresha rimeze nk’irikoreshwa mu bitaro byo hirya no hino ku isi, mu gihe byakira abarwayi b’indembe. Iryo hame bagenderaho rigamije gukoresha umutungo bafite mu kubungabunga ibinyabuzima babona ko bifite amahirwe yo kurokoka. Kugira ngo babigereho, bagendera ku bintu bitatu bikurikira: (1) agaciro k’ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima cyangwa aho biba, (2) kureba niba hari icyo bashobora kuzageraho (3) n’amafaranga bizabasaba. Nubwo abantu bose batemeranya n’ubwo buryo, ababushyigikiye bavuga ko bubafasha gukoresha neza amafaranga make bafite, bakibanda ku bikorwa bizagira icyo bigeraho.

[Amakarita yo ku ipaji ya 26]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu igazeti ya Nimukanguke!)

NOUVELLE-ZÉLANDE

Ikigobe cya Hauraki

Ikirwa cya Tiritiri Matangi

Rangitoto na Motutapu

Ikirwa cya Campbell

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 25]

Inyoni yitwa kiwi

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 25]

© S Sailer/A Sailer/age fotostock

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 27]

Inyoni yitwa takahe ku kirwa cya Tiritiri Matangi

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 27]

Ikirwa cya Campbell

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 27 yavuye]

Takahe: © FLPA/Terry Whittaker/age fotostock; Campbell Island: © Frans Lanting/CORBIS