Bibiliya ni igitabo cy’ubuhanuzi nyakuri, Igice cya 3

“Twabonye Mesiya”

Muri iyi gazeti ya “Nimukanguke!,” hazasohoka ingingo umunani z’uruhererekane, zisobanura ikintu gitangaje kiranga Bibiliya, ni ukuvuga ubuhanuzi bwayo. Izo ngingo zizagufasha gusubiza ibibazo bikurikira: ese abantu b’abanyabwenge ni bo bahimbye ubuhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya? Ese koko bwahumetswe n’Imana? Turagutera inkunga yo gusuzuma ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ubwo buhanuzi bwahumetswe.

 IBINYEJANA byinshi mbere y’uko Yesu avuka, abahanuzi b’Abaheburayo bahanuye ko Mesiya yari kuzaza, iryo zina rikaba risobanura “uwatoranyijwe.” Abo bahanuzi bavuze ibintu byinshi byari kuzaranga Mesiya, muri byo hakaba harimo igisekuru yari kuzakomokamo, igihe yari kuzazira, aho yari kuzavukira n’ibyari kuzamubaho.

Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bizeraga ko ubwo buhanuzi bwasohoreye kuri Yesu. Bumvaga bameze nk’umwigishwa Andereya, wabwiye umuvandimwe we Simoni ati “twabonye Mesiya” (Yohana 1:40, 41). Ese ibyo yavuze ni ukuri? Reka turebe ubuhanuzi bune gusa buvuga ibya Mesiya, kandi turi burebe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko bwasohoye.

Ubuhanuzi bwa 1: “Azicara ku ntebe y’ubwami ya Dawidi.”​—Yesaya 9:7, “Knox.”

Uko bwasohoye: Ivanjiri ya Matayo ibimburirwa n’amagambo agira ati “igitabo cy’amateka ya Yesu Kristo mwene Dawidi, mwene Aburahamu.” Nyuma yaho, Matayo agaragaza igisekuru cya Yesu kugeza kuri Dawidi, nk’uko Luka umwanditsi w’Ivanjiri na we yabigenje.​—Matayo 1:1-16; Luka 3:23-38.

Icyo amateka agaragaza:

● Inyandiko z’umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuyahudi witwa Josèphe, zigaragaza ko hari ububiko rusange bwari bushyinguwemo inyandiko zirimo ibisekuru by’imiryango y’Abayahudi. Izo nyandiko zatwitswe mu mwaka wa 70 igihe Yerusalemu yasenywaga. Ariko mbere y’uko Yerusalemu isenywa, byari bizwi ko Yesu yakomokaga kuri Dawidi (Matayo 9:27; 20:30; 21:9). Iyo biba atari byo, abantu bari kubishidikanyaho cyangwa bakabinyomoza. Ariko nta nyandiko n’imwe igaragaza ko hari uwatinyutse kubihakana.

Ubuhanuzi bwa 2: “Nawe Betelehemu Efurata, nubwo uri muto cyane ku buryo utabarwa mu bihumbi by’u Buyuda, muri wowe hazava umutware uzakora ibyo nshaka muri Isirayeli.”​—Mika 5:2.

Uko bwasohoye: Yesu yavukiye i Betelehemu. Igihe Kayisari Awugusito yategekaga ko habaho ibarura, Yozefu wabaye umurezi wa Yesu, yavuye i Nazareti ajya “i Yudaya [mu Buyuda] mu mugi wa Dawidi witwa Betelehemu, kuko yari uwo mu nzu ya Dawidi no mu muryango wa Dawidi, kugira ngo ajye kwiyandikishanya na Mariya.” Aho ni ho Mariya ‘yabyariye  umwana w’umuhungu’ ari we Yesu.​—Luka 2:1-7.

Icyo amateka agaragaza:

● Ubushakashatsi bw’ibyataburuwe mu matongo bugaragaza ko Abaroma bakoresheje amabarura y’abaturage mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, kugira ngo babone uko babasoresha kandi bagire abo binjiza mu gisirikare. Kuba ayo mabarura yarabagaho, bigaragazwa n’itegeko rya guverineri w’Umuroma wayoboraga Egiputa mu mwaka wa 104. Kopi y’iryo tegeko iboneka mu nzu y’ibitabo yo mu Bwongereza, igira iti “kubera ko igihe cyo kubarura buri rugo kigeze, ni ngombwa gusaba abantu bose bataba mu turere bavukamo, uko impamvu zabibateye zaba ziri kose, gusubira iwabo, kugira ngo bubahirize itegeko risanzwe ryo kwibaruza, kandi bashobore guhinga amasambu yabo.”

● Igihe Yesu yavukaga, hari imigi ibiri yo muri Isirayeli yitwaga Betelehemu. Umwe wari mu majyaruguru hafi y’i Nazareti. Undi witwaga Efurata, wari hafi ya Yerusalemu mu Buyuda (Intangiriro 35:19). Yesu yavukiye muri uwo mugi wa Efurata, nk’uko Mika yari yarabihanuye mu binyejana bigera ku munani mbere yaho.

Ubuhanuzi bwa 3: “Uhereye igihe itegeko ryo gusana Yerusalemu no kongera kuyubaka rizatangirwa kugeza kuri Mesiya Umuyobozi, hazaba ibyumweru birindwi, habe n’ibindi byumweru mirongo itandatu na bibiri.”​—Daniyeli 9:25.

Uko bwasohoye: Igihe kivugwa mu buhanuzi bwa Daniyeli kingana n’ibyumweru 69, buri cyumweru kikaba kingana n’imyaka irindwi. Ku bw’ibyo, ibyo byumweru byose hamwe bingana n’imyaka 483. Imirimo yo kongera kubaka Yerusalemu yatangiye mu mwaka wa 455 Mbere ya Yesu. Nk’uko byari byarahanuwe, nyuma y’imyaka 483 (ibyumweru 69 by’imyaka) ni ukuvuga mu wa 29, Yesu yabaye Mesiya cyangwa uwatoranyijwe, igihe yabatizwaga kandi agasukwaho umwuka w’Imana. *​—Luka 3:21, 22.

Icyo amateka agaragaza:

● Mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya mbere, “abantu bari bategereje” ko Mesiya aza (Luka 3:15). Mu gitabo cyanditswe n’intiti y’Umuyahudi yitwa Abba Hillel Silver, yavuze ko mbere y’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu “abantu bose bari biteguye ko Mesiya yari hafi kuza.” Nanone, yagaragaje ko “abantu bari biteze ko Mesiya yari kuzaza hagati y’umwaka wa 26 n’uwa 50.” Silver yongeyeho ko Abayahudi bari bamutegereje, bitewe n’uko “bumvaga ko yari kuzaza muri icyo gihe.”​—A History of Messianic Speculation in Israel.

Ubuhanuzi bwa 4: “Napfa azahambanwa n’ababi hamwe n’abakire.”​—Yesaya 53:9.

Uko bwasohoye: Yesu yamanikanywe n’abagizi ba nabi babiri, ariko yahambwe mu mva yari ikorogoshoye mu rutare yatanzwe n’umugabo w’umutunzi wo muri Arimataya witwaga Yozefu, akaba yari umwigishwa wa Yesu.​—Matayo 27:38, 57-60; Yohana 19:38.

Icyo amateka agaragaza:

● Abanditsi ba kera benshi batari Abakristo, harimo n’umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuyahudi witwaga Josèphe hamwe n’umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuroma witwa Tacite, bagaragaza ko Yesu yishwe nk’umugizi wa nabi.

● Ubushakashatsi bw’ibyataburuwe mu matongo bwakorewe muri Palesitina, bugaragaza ko imva za kera zabaga zikorogoshoye mu rutare, zirimo n’ibyumba. Umuntu w’umutunzi kandi wari ukomeye nka Yozefu wo muri Arimataya, gutunga imva iri aho ikorogoshoye neza ntibyari kumugora.

Ubwo buhanuzi bwose tumaze kubona, ni bumwe mu buhanuzi bwinshi buvuga ibirebana na Mesiya bwasohoreye kuri Yesu. Koko rero, nta muntu n’umwe washoboraga kujijisha, ngo avuge ko ubwo buhanuzi bwose ari we bwerekezagaho. Kuba ubwo buhanuzi bwarasohoye bituma turushaho kwizera ko bwaturutse ku Mana, kandi ko abantu bose bumvira bazabona imigisha yahanuwe izazanwa na Mesiya.

Mu ngingo izakurikiraho, tuzasuzuma ikibazo gishishikaje kigira kiti “niba koko Yesu ari we Mesiya wasezeranyijwe, kuki yemeye kubabara hanyuma akicwa?”

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Imbonerahamwe/​Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 22 n’iya 23]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu igazeti ya Nimukanguke!)

UKO UBUHANUZI BUNE BWEREKEYE MESIYA BWASOHOYE

1 Mesiya yari kuzakomoka ku Mwami Dawidi

1070 M.Y.

Dawidi aba umwami wa Isirayeli

607 M.Y.

Yerusalemu irimburwa n’Abanyababuloni

455 M.Y.

Hatangwa itegeko ryo gusana Yerusalemu no kongera kuyubaka

2 Mesiya yari kuzavukira i Betelehemu y’i Buyuda

2 M.Y.

Yesu avukira i Betelehemu y’i Buyuda mu muryango wa Dawidi

3 Mesiya yari kuzaza nyuma y’imyaka 483 hatanzwe itegeko ryo kongera kubaka Yerusalemu

29

Yesu abatizwa, agasukwaho umwuka bityo akaba Mesiya

4 Mesiya yari kuzamanikanwa n’abagizi ba nabi, ariko agahambanwa n’abakire

33

Yesu amanikanwa n’abagizi ba nabi, ariko agahambanwa n’abakire