BIBILIYA irimo ubutumwa bwiza Imana yageneye abantu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, igihe Yesu Kristo yamaze ku isi, yabwirizaga “ubutumwa bwiza bw’ubwami bw’Imana” (Luka 4:​43). Bibiliya igaragaza ko ubwo Bwami ari ubutegetsi bw’Imana buzavanaho ubutegetsi bw’abantu bukandamiza, maze bukimakaza amahoro kandi bukavanaho imibabaro yose igera ku bantu (Daniyeli 2:​44; Matayo 6:​9, 10). Ubwo ni ubutumwa bwiza rwose!

Koko rero, byari bikwiriye ko ubutumwa bwiza nk’ubwo bukwirakwizwa uko bishoboka kose. Ariko igihe Yesu yapfaga, yasize abigishwa bake cyane. Ese iby’ubutumwa yatangazaga byahise birangirira aho? Bibiliya ivuga ko atari ko byagenze. Ubuhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya bwari bwaravuze ko (1) ubutumwa bwiza bwari kuzakwirakwizwa mu mahanga yose, (2) bwari kuzarwanywa bikomeye, kandi ko (3) hari kuzaduka Abakristo b’ibinyoma cyangwa b’urwiganwa bakayobya benshi. Nimucyo dusuzume ubwo buhanuzi.

Ubuhanuzi:

“Ubutumwa bwiza bugomba kubanza kubwirizwa mu mahanga yose” (Mariko 13:​10). “Muzambera abahamya i Yerusalemu n’i Yudaya n’i Samariya no kugera mu turere twa kure cyane tw’isi.”​—⁠Ibyakozwe 1:​8.

Uko bwasohoye: Mu mwaka wa 33, Yesu amaze igihe gito apfuye, abigishwa be babwirije ubutumwa bw’Ubwami muri Yerusalemu. Bakwirakwiriye i Yudaya no mu mugi wo hafi aho wa Samariya, kandi mu gihe cy’imyaka 15, abamisiyonari b’Abakristo bari baroherejwe mu duce dutandukanye tw’ubwami bwa Roma. Dushobora kuvuga ko mu mwaka wa 61, ubutumwa bwiza bwari bwaramaze kubwirizwa mu turere twa “kure cyane” tw’isi.

 Icyo amateka agaragaza:

• Ibitabo bidashingiye kuri Bibiliya byo mu kinyejana cya kabiri, byemeza ko Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bari barakwirakwiriye hirya no hino mu buryo bwihuse. Umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuroma witwaga Suétone, avuga ko mu mwaka wa 49 abo Bakristo bari barageze n’i Roma. Mu ibaruwa Pline le Jeune wari guverineri wa Bituniya (Turukiya yo muri iki gihe) yandikiye Umwami w’abami witwaga Trajan ahagana mu mwaka wa 112, yavuze ko Ubukristo bwari nk’ “icyorezo cyakwiriye mu migi, mu midugudu no mu nzuri.” Hari umuhanga mu by’amateka wasuzumye ibimenyetso bitandukanye, maze aravuga ati “nyuma y’imyaka itarenze ijana intumwa zishize ku isi, washoboraga kubona aho Abakristo basengeraga mu migi ikomeye y’ubwo bwami.”

• Mu gitabo Porofeseri Henry Chadwick yanditse, yaravuze ati “Abakristo bakwirakwiriye mu buryo budasanzwe kurusha uko abantu bari babyiteze. Nta wari witeze ko bashoboraga gukwirakwira bene ako kageni.”​—⁠The Early Church.

Ubuhanuzi:

Ubuhanuzi: “Abantu bazabatanga babajyane mu nkiko, bazabakubitira mu masinagogi kandi bazabajyana imbere y’abatware n’abami babampora, kugira ngo bibe ubuhamya kuri bo.”​—Mariko 13:​9.

Uko bwasohoye: Abakristo batotejwe n’Abayahudi n’Abaroma. Barafashwe, barafungwa, barakubitwa kandi baricwa.

Icyo amateka agaragaza:

• Flavius Josèphe, umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuyahudi wo mu kinyejana cya mbere, yanditse inkuru ivuga uko Yakobo umuvandimwe wa Yesu yishwe n’abayobozi b’idini b’Abayahudi. Bibiliya ivuga ko Gamaliyeli, umwe mu bari bagize urukiko rw’ikirenga rwa kiyahudi, yasabye urwo rukiko kwitondera ibyo rwari rugiye gukorera abigishwa ba Yesu, igihe rwarimo rubacira urubanza (Ibyakozwe 5:​34-39). Ibitabo byanditswe n’intiti byemeza ko uwo Gamaliyeli yabayeho, kandi ko yashyiraga mu gaciro.

• Abahanga mu by’amateka bavuga ko uhereye mu mwaka wa 64, igihe umwami w’abami Nero yari ku ngoma, abami b’abami b’Abaroma bakurikiyeho batoteje Abakristo cyane. Amabaruwa umwami w’abami Trajan yandikiranye na Pline le Jeune, agaragaza ibihano byari kuzahabwa Abakristo bari kwanga kwihakana ukwizera kwabo.

• Porofeseri Chadwick twigeze kuvuga, yavuze ko “aho kugira ngo ibitotezo bitume ubukristo buzimangatana, byatumye burushaho gukwirakwira.” Igihe Abakristo bahungaga akaga kari kabugarije, bagejeje ubutumwa bwiza mu tundi turere (Ibyakozwe 8:​1). Nubwo barwanywaga n’incuti na bene wabo, bakomeje kwihangana. Ibyo byari bitangaje kuko abigishwa ba Yesu bari “abantu batize bo muri rubanda rusanzwe,” kandi batari abanyapolitiki (Ibyakozwe 4:​13). Abahanga mu by’amateka bemeza ko “Ivanjiri yakwirakwiriye mu buryo bworoshye . . . mu bacuruzi n’abanyabukorikori.”

Igihe intiti zigaga amateka y’Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere, zatangajwe n’ukuntu itsinda rito cyane ry’abantu ryakwirakwije Ubukristo mu buryo bwihuse, kandi ryararwanywaga bikabije. Ariko kandi, Yesu yari yaravuze ko ibyo bintu byasaga n’ibidashoboka byari kuzabaho, abivuga na mbere y’uko biba. Nanone, Ibyanditswe byari byaravuze ko uwo murimo wo kubwiriza wari kuzakomwa mu nkokora.

Ubuhanuzi:

“Nzi ko nimara kugenda amasega y’inkazi azabinjiramo, kandi ntazagirira umukumbi impuhwe. Muri mwe ubwanyu hazaduka abantu bagoreka ukuri kugira ngo bireherezeho abigishwa” (Ibyakozwe 20:​29, 30). “Muri mwe hazaba abigisha b’ibinyoma. Abo bigisha b’ibinyoma bazazana rwihishwa udutsiko tw’amadini dutera kurimbuka . . . , kandi bazatukisha inzira y’ukuri.”​—2 Petero 2:​1, 2.

Uko bwasohoye: Itorero rya gikristo ryangijwe n’abantu b’abagome, b’abashukanyi kandi barangwa n’ubwikunde.

Icyo amateka agaragaza:

• Nyuma y’urupfu rw’abigishwa ba Yesu bo mu kinyejana cya mbere, ni bwo Abakristo b’ukuri batangiye kuyobywa n’abantu bakomeye bo muri bo, maze bavanga inyigisho za gikristo na filozofiya y’Abagiriki. Bidatinze hadutse agatsiko k’abayobozi b’idini, maze batangira kwigana abanyapolitiki. Abahanga mu by’amateka bemeza ko igihe abiyitaga Abakristo bagirwaga idini rya Leta mu bwami bwa Roma, nta kintu cyarangaga itorero ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere cyari kikibaranga.

• Mu gihe cy’ibinyejana byinshi, abo Bakristo b’ikinyoma bagiye barangwa n’urugomo n’umururumba. Aho kugira ngo abo bayobozi b’amadini bagaragaze ko ari abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu, batotezaga abantu babwirizaga nk’uko Yesu yabwirizaga, n’abageragezaga guhindura Bibiliya mu ndimi zivugwa na rubanda.

Nanone, mu gihe cy’ibinyejana byinshi Abakristo b’ikinyoma bamaze bafite imbaraga, ubutumwa bwiza ntibwari bukibwirizwa. Icyakora Yesu yavuze ko ubutumwa bwiza bwari kuzongera kubwirizwa mu minsi y’imperuka. Yagereranyije icyo gihe n’igihe cy’isarura, aho Abakristo b’ikinyoma bagereranywa n’urumamfu bari kuzatandukanywa n’Abakristo b’ukuri bagereranywa n’ingano (Matayo 13:​24-30, 36-43). Muri icyo gihe ni bwo ubuhanuzi buvuga ibyo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, bwari gusohozwa mu buryo bwuzuye (Matayo 24:​14). Ubwo buhanuzi bushishikaje buzasuzumwa mu ngingo y’ubutaha.