1, 2. (a) Ni iki Yesu yasabye mu isengesho rya nyuma yavuze ari kumwe n’intumwa ze? (b) Kuki Yesu yari ahangayikishijwe n’ibyo kunga ubumwe?

IGIHE Yesu yasangiraga n’intumwa ze bwa nyuma, yari ahangayikishijwe n’uko zakomeza kunga ubumwe. Ubwo yasengaga ari hamwe na zo, yavuze ko yifuzaga ko abigishwa be bose bunga ubumwe nk’uko we na Se bunze ubumwe. (Soma muri Yohana 17:20, 21.) Kunga ubumwe byari gutuma abandi babona ko Imana ari yo yohereje Yesu ku isi, kugira ngo akore ibyo ishaka. Urukundo ni rwo rwari kuranga abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu kandi rugatuma bunga ubumwe.—Yoh 13:34, 35.

² Yesu yari afite impamvu yumvikana yatumye yibanda cyane ku byo kunga ubumwe. Igihe yasangiraga n’intumwa ze bwa nyuma, yabonye ko zitari zunze ubumwe. Nk’uko byari byarigeze kubaho mbere yaho, intumwa zagiye impaka zikomeye hagati yazo, zishaka kumenya ‘uwasaga naho akomeye kuruta abandi muri zo’ (Luka 22:24-27; Mar 9:33, 34). Nanone Yakobo na Yohana bari barigeze gusaba Yesu ngo azabahe imyanya ikomeye mu Bwami bwe.—Mar 10:35-40.

3. Ni ibihe bintu byari gutuma abigishwa ba Kristo batunga ubumwe? Ni ibihe bibazo tugiye gusuzuma?

 ³ Icyakora, kwifuza kuba abantu bakomeye, si byo byonyine byari gutuma abigishwa ba Kristo batunga ubumwe. Abantu bo mu gihe cya Yesu barangwaga n’amacakubiri yaterwaga n’inzangano n’urwikekwe. Abigishwa be bagombaga kwirinda ayo macakubiri. Muri iki gice, turi busuzume ibibazo bikurikira: Yesu yahanganye ate n’urwikekwe rwariho mu gihe ke? Yafashije ate abigishwa be kunga ubumwe by’ukuri no kwirinda kurobanura ku butoni? Inyigisho ze zadufasha zite gukomeza kunga ubumwe?

4. Tanga ingero zigaragaza uko Yesu yagiriwe urwikekwe.

⁴ Yesu yagiriwe urwikekwe. Igihe Filipo yabwiraga Natanayeli ko yabonye Mesiya, Natanayeli yaravuze ati: “Mbese hari ikintu cyiza gishobora guturuka i Nazareti” (Yoh 1:46)? Uko bigaragara, Natanayeli yari azi ubuhanuzi bwo muri Mika 5:2, buvuga ko Mesiya yari kuzavukira i Betelehemu. Ubwo rero, ashobora kuba yarumvaga ko Mesiya atashoboraga guturuka mu mugi woroheje nka Nazareti. Nanone, Abayahudi bakomeye basuzuguraga Yesu kubera ko yari Umunyagalilaya (Yoh 7:52). Abayahudi benshi babonaga ko Abanyagalilaya basuzuguritse. Hari n’abandi Bayahudi bashatse gutuka Yesu, bamwita Umusamariya (Yoh 8:48). Abasamariya ntibari bahuje igihugu n’Abayahudi kandi ntibari bahuje idini. Abayahudi n’Abanyagalilaya bangaga Abasamariya kandi bakabanena.—Yoh 4:9.

5. Urwikekwe abigishwa ba Yesu bagiriwe rwari rushingiye ku ki?

⁵ Abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi na bo basuzuguraga abigishwa ba Yesu. Abafarisayo babonaga ko abigishwa ba Yesu ‘bavumwe’ (Yoh 7:47-49). Abafarisayo basuzuguraga umuntu wese utarize amashuri ya ba rabi, cyangwa ngo akurikize imigenzo yabo, bakabona ko ari uwo muri rubanda rusanzwe (Ibyak 4:13). Urwikekwe Abayahudi bagiriraga Yesu n’abigishwa be rwari rushingiye ku idini, inzego z’imibereho no ku moko. Abigishwa be na bo bagiraga urwikekwe. Bityo rero, kugira ngo bakomeze kunga ubumwe, bagombaga guhindura imitekerereze yabo.

6. Tanga ingero zigaragaza ukuntu dushobora kugira urwikekwe.

⁶ Muri iki gihe na bwo, usanga abantu benshi bafite urwikekwe. Dushobora kurugirirwa cyangwa natwe tukarugirira abandi. Hari mushiki wacu w’umupayiniya wo muri Ositaraliya wavuze ati: “Nabonye ibyo abazungu bagiye bakorera abasangwabutaka, bituma nanga abazungu cyane. Narushijeho kubanga igihe nange bangiriraga nabi.” Umuvandimwe wo muri Kanada na we yavuze ukuntu yagiriraga urwikekwe abo badahuje ururimi. Yaravuze ati: “Natekerezaga ko abantu bavuga Igifaransa baruta abandi. Ibyo byatumye ntangira kwanga abavuga Icyongereza.”

7. Yesu yitwaye ate ku birebana n’urwikekwe?

⁷ Nk’uko byari bimeze mu gihe cya Yesu, urwikekwe rushobora gushinga imizi mu mitima y’abantu, kurwikuramo bikagorana. Yesu yitwaraga ate ku birebana n’urwikekwe? Mbere na mbere yararwirinze, kandi igihe cyose akirinda kurobanura abantu ku butoni. Nanone yabwirizaga abakire n’abakene, Abafarisayo n’Abasamariya, abakoresha b’ikoro n’abanyabyaha. Byongeye kandi, Yesu yigishije abigishwa be ko bagombaga kwirinda gukeka abandi amababa no kubagirira urwikekwe, kandi ibyo yigishaga ni byo yakoraga.

8. Ihame ry’ingenzi ridufasha kunga ubumwe ni irihe? Sobanura.

⁸ Yesu yigishije abigishwa be ihame ry’ingenzi ridufasha kunga ubumwe. Yaravuze  ati: ‘Mwebwe mwese muri abavandimwe.’ (Soma muri Matayo 23:8, 9.) Twese turi “abavandimwe” kubera ko dukomoka kuri Adamu (Ibyak 17:26). Ariko hari indi mpamvu ikomeye kurusha iyo. Yesu yavuze ko abigishwa be bari kuba abavandimwe kubera ko bose bemera ko Yehova ari Se wo mu ijuru (Mat 12:50). Byongeye kandi, bagize umuryango mugari wunze ubumwe bitewe n’urukundo no kwizera. Ni yo mpamvu mu nzandiko intumwa zandikiraga abigishwa zabitaga ‘abavandimwe na bashiki bacu.’—Rom 1:13; 1 Pet 2:17; 1 Yoh 3:13. *

9, 10. (a) Kuki Abayahudi batari bakwiriye kurata ubwoko bwabo? (b) Yesu yigishije ate ko abantu bagomba kwirinda ubwibone bushingiye ku moko? (Reba ifoto ibimburira iki gice.)

⁹ Yesu amaze kuvuga ko twese turi abavandimwe, yagaragaje ko tugomba kwicisha bugufi. (Soma muri Matayo 23:11, 12.) Nk’uko twabibonye, ubwibone bwigeze gutuma intumwa zicamo ibice. Nanone abantu bo mu gihe cya Yesu barataga ubwoko bwabo. Abayahudi benshi bumvaga ko baruta abandi, kubera ko bakomokaga kuri Aburahamu. Ariko Yohana Umubatiza yarababwiye ati: “Imana ibasha guhindurira Aburahamu abana muri aya mabuye.”—Luka 3:8.

¹⁰ Yesu yigishije ko abantu bagomba kwirinda ubwibone bushingiye ku moko. Yabisobanuye neza igihe umwanditsi yamubazaga ati: “Mu by’ukuri mugenzi wanjye ni nde?” Yesu yamushubije amucira umugani w’Umusamariya wagiriye neza umugenzi w’Umuyahudi wari wakubiswe n’abambuzi. Abayahudi benshi bari bamuciyeho ntibamwitaho, ariko Umusamariya amubonye amugirira impuhwe. Yesu yashoje uwo mugani abwira uwo mwanditsi ko agomba kumera nk’uwo Musamariya (Luka 10:25-37). Yesu yagaragaje ko Umusamariya yashoboraga kwigisha Abayahudi icyo gukunda abantu bose bisobanura.

11. Kuki abigishwa ba Kristo batagombaga kurobanura ku butoni? Yesu yabibigishije ate?

¹¹ Kugira ngo abigishwa ba Yesu basohoze neza inshingano yabahaye, bagombaga kwikuramo ubwibone n’urwikekwe. Mbere y’uko Yesu asubira mu ijuru, yasabye abigishwa be kumubera abahamya “i Yudaya n’i Samariya no kugera mu turere twa kure cyane tw’isi” (Ibyak 1:8). Kugira ngo Yesu afashe abigishwa be kuzabwiriza abantu bo mu mahanga yose, yakundaga kubabwira imico myiza yagiye iranga abanyamahanga. Yashimye umutware w’abasirikare kubera ukwizera gukomeye yari afite (Mat 8:5-10). Igihe Yesu yari mu mugi w’iwabo wa Nazareti, yavuze ukuntu Yehova yitaye ku banyamahanga, urugero nk’umupfakazi w’Umunyafoyinike wari utuye i Sarefati na Namani wo muri Siriya wari urwaye ibibembe (Luka 4:25-27). Nanone Yesu yabwirije umugore w’i Samariya kandi amara iminsi ibiri mu mugi waho, kubera ko abantu baho bari bashishikajwe cyane n’ubutumwa bwe.—Yoh 4:21-24, 40.

12, 13. (a) Igihe Yesu yabwirizaga Umusamariyakazi, intumwa zabyakiriye zite? (Reba ifoto ibimburira iki gice.) (b) Ni iki kigaragaza ko Yakobo na Yohana batavanye isomo ku byo Yesu yabigishije?

¹² Icyakora kureka urwikekwe ntibyoroheye intumwa. Zatangajwe no kubona Yesu yigisha Umusamariyakazi (Yoh 4:9, 27). Abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi ntibashoboraga kuvugisha abagore mu ruhame. Ubwo rero kuvugisha umugore w’Umusamariya wari ufite imyifatire mibi, byo byari ibindi bindi. Intumwa za Yesu zamusabye kurya. Ariko uko yazishubije  bigaragaza ko yari yishimiye kuganira n’uwo mugore ku Ijambo ry’Imana, kuko yabonaga ko ari byo bifite agaciro kuruta ibyokurya. Kubwiriza abantu bose, hakubiyemo n’uwo Musamariyakazi, ni byo Se yashakaga, kandi Yesu yabonaga ko ari nk’ibyokurya bye.—Yoh 4:31-34.

¹³ Ariko ibyo byose nta somo Yakobo na Yohana babikuyemo. Igihe Yesu n’abigishwa be bageraga i Samariya, bwabiriyeho bajya gusaba icumbi mu mudugudu waho. Abasamariya banze kubacumbikira, maze Yakobo na Yohana bararakara, bifuza ko umuriro wava mu ijuru ukarimbura uwo mudugudu wose. Ariko Yesu yarabacyashye bikomeye (Luka 9:51-56). Birashoboka ko Yakobo na Yohana batari kurakara bigeze aho, iyo uwo mudugudu uza kuba ari uw’iwabo i Galilaya. Urwikekwe bari bafite rushobora kuba ari rwo rwatumye barakara cyane. Nyuma yaho igihe intumwa Yohana yabwirizaga i Samariya benshi bakitabira ubutumwa bwe, ashobora kuba yarababajwe n’uko yitwaye mbere.—Ibyak 8:14, 25.

14. Ikibazo cy’urwikekwe rushobora kuba rwari rushingiye ku rurimi cyakemutse gite?

¹⁴ Nyuma ya Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33, mu itorero rya gikristo havutse ikibazo k’ivangura. Igihe abapfakazi b’abakene bahabwaga ibyokurya, abavugaga Ikigiriki barirengagizwaga (Ibyak 6:1). Bashobora kuba baragirirwaga urwikekwe rushingiye ku rurimi. Intumwa zahise zikemura icyo kibazo, zishyiraho abagabo bashoboye ngo batange ibyokurya. Abo bagabo bose bari bakuze mu buryo bw’umwuka bari bafite amazina y’Ikigiriki. Ibyo bishobora kuba byaratumye abapfakazi bababajwe n’ibyabaye, barushaho kubagirira ikizere.

15. Ni iki cyafashije Petero kumenya ko atagombaga kurobanura ku butoni? (Reba ifoto ibimburira iki gice.)

¹⁵ Mu mwaka wa 36, abigishwa ba Yesu batangiye kubwiriza mu mahanga yose. Intumwa Petero yari amenyereye gusabana n’Abayahudi gusa. Ariko Imana imaze kugaragaza neza ko Abakristo batagomba kurobanura ku butoni, Petero yabwirije umusirikare w’Umuroma witwaga Koruneliyo. (Soma mu Byakozwe 10:28, 34, 35.) Nyuma yaho, Petero yatangiye kujya asangira n’Abanyamahanga kandi agasabana na bo. Ariko nyuma y’imyaka mike, igihe yari mu mugi wa Antiyokiya, yaretse gusangira n’Abakristo batari Abayahudi (Gal 2:11-14). Icyo gihe Pawulo yaramucyashye, kandi Petero yahise yikosora. Ibyo tubyemezwa n’uko mu rwandiko rwa mbere Petero yandikiye Abakristo b’Abayahudi n’ab’Abanyamahanga bo muri Aziya Ntoya, yavuzemo ko tugomba gukunda umuryango wose w’abavandimwe.—1 Pet 1:1; 2:17.

16. Abakristo bo mu Kinyejana cya mbere bari bazwiho iki?

¹⁶ Uko bigaragara, intumwa na zo zakurikije urugero rwa Yesu rwo gukunda “abantu b’ingeri zose” (Yoh 12:32; 1 Tim 4:10). Zaretse urwikekwe zagiriraga abantu nubwo byatwaye igihe. Ibyo byatumye abantu babona ko Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bakundanaga. Umwanditsi witwaga Tertullien wabayeho ahagana mu mwaka wa 200, yavuze ibyo abandi bantu bavugaga ku Bakristo agira ati: “Barakundana. . . . Buri wese aba yiteguye gupfira mugenzi we.” Kwambara “kamere nshya” ni byo byafashije abo Bakristo kubona ko abantu bose bareshya imbere y’Imana.—Kolo 3:10, 11.

17. Twakwikuramo urwikekwe dute? Tanga ingero.

¹⁷ Kurandura urwikekwe mu mutima wacu, natwe bishobora kudusaba igihe. Hari mushiki wacu wo mu Bufaransa wavuze uko yahanganye n’icyo kibazo agira ati: “Yehova yanyigishije icyo urukundo ari  cyo, icyo gusangira n’abandi bisobanura, n’icyo gukunda abantu bose bisobanura. Ariko ndakihatira kwikuramo urwikekwe, kandi si ko buri gihe biba byoroshye. Ni yo mpamvu nsenga Imana cyane kugira ngo ibimfashemo.” Hari undi mushiki wacu wo mu Esipanye uhanganye n’ikibazo nk’icyo. Yaravuze ati: “Hari igihe numva nongeye kwanga abantu bo mu bundi bwoko. Ndabirwanya kandi akenshi nkabitsinda. Ariko nzi ko ngomba gukomeza guhatana. Nishimira ko Yehova yamfashije nkaba ndi mu muryango wunze ubumwe.” Twese dukwiriye kwisuzuma tutibereye, tukibaza tuti: “Ese nange hari akantu k’urwikekwe kajya kanzamo, nkaba ngomba kukarwanya nk’uko abo bashiki bacu babigenje?”

18, 19. (a) Kuki tugomba gukunda abantu bose? (b) Twabikora dute?

¹⁸ Tuge twibuka ko hari igihe twese twari “abanyamahanga,” tutari inshuti z’Imana (Efe 2:12). Ariko Yehova yadukuruje “imirunga y’urukundo,” aratwiyegereza (Hos 11:4; Yoh 6:44). Kristo na we yaratwakiriye, tuba bamwe mu bagize umuryango w’Imana. (Soma mu Baroma 15:7.) Bityo rero, ntidukwiriye kugira uwo twanga, kuko natwe Yesu yatwakiriye neza nubwo tudatunganye.

¹⁹ Uko tuzagenda turushaho kwegereza imperuka y’iyi si mbi, amacakubiri, urwikekwe n’urwango bizagenda birushaho kwiyongera (Gal 5:19-21; 2 Tim 3:13). Icyakora kubera ko turi abagaragu ba Yehova, twifuza kugira ubwenge buva mu ijuru, butarobanura ku butoni kandi bwimakaza amahoro (Yak 3:17, 18). Twishimira kugirana ubucuti n’abantu bo mu bindi bihugu, tukemera umuco wabo, byaba na ngombwa tukiga ururimi rwabo. Iyo tubigenje dutyo, tugira amahoro ameze nk’uruzi n’ubutabera bumeze nk’imiraba y’inyanja.—Yes 48:17, 18.

20. Urukundo rudufasha rute guhindura imitekerereze yacu?

²⁰ Mushiki wacu twigeze kuvuga wo muri Ositaraliya amaze kwiga Bibiliya, urwikekwe n’urwango yari afite byagiye bimuvamo. Urukundo rwatumye ahindura uko yabonaga ibintu n’uko yiyumvaga. Umuvandimwe wo muri Kanada twigeze kuvuga, na we yavuze ko akenshi abantu banga abandi bitewe gusa n’uko batabazi. Yaje kumenya ko imico abantu baba bafite idaterwa n’aho bavukiye.” Yashakanye na mushiki wacu uvuga Icyongereza. Izo ngero tumaze kubona, zigaragaza ko urukundo rwa gikristo rudufasha kwikuramo urwikekwe. Rutuma twunga ubumwe mu buryo bwuzuye.—Kolo 3:14.