1. Ni ibihe bintu bishishikaje byari bigiye kuba ku Bayahudi bari mu bunyage?

 ABAYAHUDI bari mu bunyage bari bishimye cyane. Bari bashimishijwe n’iki? Yehova yari “yakanguye umutima wa Kuro umwami w’u Buperesi,” kugira ngo arekure abo Bayahudi bari bamaze imyaka myinshi mu bunyage i Babuloni. Umwami yategetse Abayahudi bose gusubira iwabo kugira ngo “bongere bubake inzu ya Yehova, Imana ya Isirayeli” (Ezira 1:1, 3). Mbega ibintu byari bishimishije! Abayahudi bari bagiye kongera gusengera Imana y’ukuri mu gihugu yari yarabahaye.

2. Ni ikihe kintu Abayahudi bavuye mu bunyage babanje gukora?

² Mu mwaka wa 537 Mbere ya Yesu, Abayahudi ba mbere bageze i Yerusalemu, uwo ukaba wari umurwa mukuru w’ubwami bw’u Buyuda, bwari mu magepfo ya Isirayeli. Abo Bayahudi bahise batangira kubaka urusengero ku buryo mu mwaka wa 536 Mbere ya Yesu, bari baramaze gushyiraho urufatiro rwarwo.

3. Ni ba nde barwanyije Abayahudi kandi se babarwanyije bate?

³ Abayahudi bari bavuye mu bunyage batangiye kongera kubaka urusengero, abantu barabarwanyije cyane. Amahanga yari abakikije ‘yakomeje guca intege abantu b’i Buyuda ngo batubaka’ (Ezira 4:4). Ibintu byagiye birushaho kuba bibi. Mu mwaka wa 522 Mbere ya Yesu, Aritazerusi yabaye umwami w’u Buperesi. * Kubera ko hari hagiyeho umwami mushya, abarwanyaga Abayahudi babonye ko ari uburyo babonye bwo kubabuza kubaka, ‘bashyiraho amategeko agamije guteza amakuba’ (Zab 94:20). Bandikiye Umwami Aritazerusi,  bamubwira ko Abayahudi bari bafite umugambi wo kumwigomekaho (Ezira 4:11-16). Umwami yemeye ibyo binyoma, maze atanga itegeko ryo guhagarika imirimo yo kubaka urusengero (Ezira 4:17-23). Iryo tegeko ryatumye Abayahudi badakomeza kubaka.—Ezira 4:24.

4. Yehova yakoze iki igihe abarwanyaga Abayahudi bababuzaga kubaka urusengero? (Yesaya 55:11)

⁴ Abantu batasengaga Yehova bo muri icyo gihugu na bamwe mu bategetsi b’Abaperesi, bari bariyemeje guhagarika imirimo yo kongera kubaka urusengero. Ariko baribeshyaga. Yehova na we yari yariyemeje gushyigikira imirimo yo kongera kubaka urusengero, kandi buri gihe asohoza imigambi ye. (Soma muri Yesaya 55:11.) Yakoresheje umuhanuzi we Zekariya utaragiraga ubwoba, maze amwereka ibintu umunani yagombaga kubwira Abayahudi kugira ngo abatere inkunga. Ibyo bintu yeretswe, byafashije Abayahudi kubona ko batagombaga gutinya ababarwanyaga, kandi ko bagombaga gukomeza gukora umurimo Yehova yabahaye. Mu iyerekwa rya gatanu, Zekariya yabonye igitereko cy’amatara n’ibiti bibiri by’imyelayo.

5. Ni iki tugiye kwiga muri iki gice?

⁵ Twese, hari igihe tujya twumva ducitse intege. Ubwo rero, iyerekwa rya gatanu Yehova yahaye Zekariya kugira ngo atere inkunga Abisirayeli, natwe rishobora kudufasha. Nanone gusobanukirwa ibivugwa muri iryo yerekwa, bishobora kudufasha gukorera Yehova turi indahemuka mu gihe turwanywa, mu gihe imimerere turimo ihindutse no mu gihe duhawe amabwiriza tudasobanukiwe neza.

6. Ni mu buhe buryo iyerekwa ry’igitereko cy’amatara n’ibiti bibiri by’imyelayo bivugwa muri Zekariya 4:1-3, ryateye inkunga Abayahudi? (Reba ifoto yo ku gifubiko.)

⁶ Soma muri Zekariya 4:1-3. Iyerekwa Zekariya yabonye ry’igitereko cy’amatara n’ibiti bibiri by’imyelayo ryateye inkunga Abayahudi, bakomeza imirimo yo kubaka nubwo abantu babarwanyaga. Ryabateye inkunga rite? Ese wabonye ko icyo gitereko cy’amatara kitajyaga kibura amavuta? Amavuta aturuka mu biti bibiri by’imyelayo ajya mu ibakure. Iyo bakure na yo yohereza ayo mavuta mu matara arindwi ari ku gitereko. Ayo mavuta yatumaga ayo matara akomeza kwaka. Zekariya yarabajije ati: “Ibi bisobanura iki?” Yehova yashubije Zekariya akoresheje umumarayika aramubwira ati: “Si ku bw’ingabo cyangwa ku bw’imbaraga, ahubwo ni ku bw’umwuka wanjye. Ni ko Yehova nyir’ingabo avuga” (Zek 4:4, 6). Amavuta ava muri ibyo biti agereranya imbaraga zikomeye Yehova atanga, ni ukuvuga umwuka wera, kandi uwo mwuka ntuzigera ushira. Umwuka wera wa Yehova warushaga cyane imbaraga ingabo z’Abaperesi; nta n’aho byari bihuriye. Kubera ko Yehova yari ashyigikiye abubakaga urusengero, nta mwanzi wari kubabuza kurangiza uwo murimo bari baratangiye. Ibyo Zekariya yababwiye byabateye inkunga rwose! Icyo Abayahudi basabwaga gusa ni ukwiringira Yehova, ubundi bakongera kubaka. Kandi koko biringiye Yehova bongera kubaka, nubwo itegeko ryabibabuzaga ryari rikiriho.

7. Ni ikihe kintu cyabaye kigafasha abubakaga urusengero?

⁷ Hari ikintu cyabaye gifasha Abayahudi bubakaga urusengero. Icyo kintu ni ikihe? Mu mwaka wa 520 Mbere ya Yesu, mu Buperesi hagiyeho umwami mushya witwaga Dariyo wa Mbere. Mu mwaka wa kabiri w’ingoma ye, yamenye ko Abayahudi bari barabujijwe kubaka urusengero kandi ko ibyo byari akarengane. Dariyo yahise ategeka ko basubukura imirimo yo kubaka urwo rusengero (Ezira 6:1-3). Ibyo byatunguye cyane Abayahudi, ariko si ibyo gusa uwo mwami yakoze. Nanone umwami yategetse ko abarwanyaga Abayahudi babireka, kandi ategeka ko babaha amafaranga  n’ibindi bintu bari gukenera, muri uwo mushinga wo kongera kubaka urusengero (Ezira 6:7-12). Ibyo byatumye Abayahudi barangiza kubaka urusengero mu mwaka wa 515 Mbere ya Yesu, hakaba hari hashize imyaka ine irengaho gato, Umwami Dariyo atanze iryo tegeko.—Ezira 6:15.

8. Kuki tugomba kugira ubutwari mu gihe abantu baturwanyije?

⁸ Muri iki gihe na bwo, usanga Abahamya ba Yehova benshi batotezwa. Urugero, hari ababa mu bihugu umurimo wacu wabuzanyijwe. Muri ibyo bihugu usanga abavandimwe na bashiki bacu bafatwa bagafungwa, kandi ‘bakajyanwa imbere y’abatware n’abami’ kugira ngo bibe ubuhamya ku babatoteza (Mat 10:17, 18). Hari igihe ubutegetsi buhinduka, maze abavandimwe na bashiki bacu bagakorera Yehova bafite umudendezo. Hari n’igihe umucamanza ushyira mu gaciro afata umwanzuro uturenganura. Icyakora hari abandi Bahamya barwanywa mu bundi buryo. Hari Abahamya baba mu bihugu bitaturwanya, ariko bakarwanywa n’abagize imiryango yabo baba badashaka ko bakomeza gukorera Yehova (Mat 10:32-36). Akenshi abagize imiryango y’abavandimwe na bashiki bacu, hari igihe bareka kubarwanya kubera ko babona ko ibyo bakora kugira ngo bababuze gukorera Yehova, nta cyo bigeraho. Hari n’igihe bamwe mu bahoze baturwanya bikabije, bageraho bakaba Abahamya barangwa n’ishyaka. Ubwo rero mu gihe abantu bakurwanya, ntugacike intege. Jya ugira ubutwari. Uge uzirikana ko Yehova azagufasha akoresheje umwuka we. Nta mpamvu yo kugira ubwoba rwose.

9. Kuki Abayahudi bamwe bababaye igihe hashyirwagaho urufatiro rw’urusengero rushya?

⁹ Igihe urufatiro rw’urusengero rushya rwari rumaze gushyirwaho, bamwe mu Bayahudi bari bageze mu za bukuru bararize (Ezira 3:12). Barijijwe n’iki? Barijijwe n’uko bari barabonye urusengero rwiza cyane rwari rwarubatswe na Salomo, maze bakumva ko urwo rusengero rushya ‘nta gaciro ruzaba rufite urugereranyije’ n’urwa mbere (Hag 2:2, 3). Batekerezaga ukuntu urusengero rushya ruzaba rutandukanye n’urwa mbere, bikabababaza cyane. Icyakora ibyo Zekariya yeretswe na bo byari kubafasha, bakongera kugira ibyishimo. Mu buhe buryo?

10. Ni mu buhe buryo amagambo marayika yavuze ari muri Zekariya 4:8-10, yari gufasha Abayahudi bari bababaye?

¹⁰ Soma muri Zekariya 4:8-10. Ni iki umumarayika  yashakaga kuvuga, igihe yavugaga ko Abayahudi ‘bazishima nibabona itimasi mu kiganza cya Zerubabeli, guverineri w’Umuyahudi’? Itimasi ni igikoresho abubatsi bifashisha kugira ngo barebe niba ibyo bubatse bigororotse. Amagambo marayika yavuze, yijeje abagize ubwoko bw’Imana ko urwo rusengero rwari kuzura kandi Yehova akarwemera, nubwo hari ababonaga ko rutari kuba rwiza nk’urwa mbere. None se niba Yehova yari kurwishimira, ni iki cyari gutuma Abayahudi bo batarwishimira? Yehova yabonaga ko ik’ingenzi ari uko abari kumusengera muri urwo rusengero rushya, bari kubikora mu buryo yemera. Ubwo rero abo Bayahudi na bo bari kongera kugira ibyishimo, iyo bazirikana ko ik’ingenzi ari ugusenga mu buryo Yehova yemera no kwemerwa na we.

11. Ni ikihe kibazo bamwe mu bagaragu ba Yehova bahanganye na cyo muri iki gihe?

¹¹ Abenshi muri twe iyo imimerere turimo ihindutse biratugora. Hari abagaragu ba Yehova bari bamaze igihe kirekire mu murimo w’igihe cyose wihariye, bahinduriwe inshingano. Hari n’abandi bagiye bareka inshingano bakundaga, kubera ko bari bageze mu za bukuru. Iyo ibintu nk’ibyo bitubayeho biratubabaza. Hari n’igihe tudahita dusobanukirwa neza impamvu uwo mwanzuro wafashwe no kuwemera bikatugora. Hari n’igihe twumva dukumbuye uko ibintu byakorwaga kera. Nanone dushobora kumva tutagikora byinshi mu murimo wa Yehova na byo bikaduca intege (Imig 24:10). None se ibyo Zekariya yabonye mu iyerekwa, byadufasha bite guha Yehova ibyiza kurusha ibindi mu gihe imimerere turimo ihindutse?

12. Ni mu buhe buryo ibyo Zekariya yeretswe byadufasha gukomeza kugira ibyishimo mu gihe imimerere turimo ihindutse?

¹² Kubona ibintu nk’uko Yehova abibona mu gihe imimerere turimo ihindutse, bituma dukomeza kugira ibyishimo. Twibonera ibintu bihambaye Yehova arimo akora muri iki gihe kandi dushimishwa no kuba turi mu muryango we, tukaba turi abakozi bakorana na we (1 Kor 3:9). Ubwo rero nubwo inshingano dufite zahinduka, Yehova we azakomeza kudukunda. Ibyo nibikubaho uzirinde guhora utekereza impamvu byabayeho. Aho guhora utekereza iby’“iminsi ya kera,” uge usenga Yehova agufashe kwishimira inshingano nshya uhawe (Umubw 7:10). Nanone aho gutekereza ku byo udashoboye gukora, uge wibanda ku byo ushoboye gukora. Ibyo Zekariya yeretswe, byatweretse ko dukwiriye gukomeza kurangwa  n’ikizere. Ibyo nitubikora bizatuma dukomeza kugira ibyishimo kandi dukomeze gukorera Yehova turi indahemuka, no mu gihe imimerere ihindutse.

13. Kuki hari Abayahudi bumvaga ko itegeko ryo kongera kubaka urusengero ritari rikwiriye?

¹³ Abayahudi bari barabujijwe kongera kubaka urusengero. Icyakora Umutambyi Mukuru Yeshuwa cyangwa Yosuwa na guverineri Zerubabeli bari barahawe inshingano yo kuyobora Abayahudi, ‘bongeye kubaka inzu y’Imana’ (Ezira 5:1, 2). Hari Abayahudi bamwe babonaga ko ibyo bidakwiriye. Kubera iki? Kubera ko abanzi babo bari kubona ko bongeye kubaka, bagakora ibishoboka byose ngo bababuze. Ubwo rero, Yosuwa na Zerubabeli bari bakeneye ikintu kibizeza ko Yehova yari kubafasha. Kandi koko Yehova yaberetse ko abashyigikiye. Mu buhe buryo?

14. Dukurikije ibivugwa muri Zekariya 4:12, 14, ni iki Yehova yijeje Umutambyi Mukuru Yosuwa na guverineri Zerubabeli?

¹⁴ Soma muri Zekariya 4:12, 14. Umumarayika wa Yehova yabwiye Zekariya ko ibiti bibiri by’imyelayo, byagereranyaga “ba bandi babiri basutsweho amavuta” ari bo Yosuwa na Zerubabeli. Uwo mumarayika yavuze ko ari nk’aho abo bagabo babiri bari bahagaze “iruhande rw’Umwami w’isi yose,” ari we Yehova. Mbega inshingano yari ishimishije! Yehova yabijeje ko abashyigikiye rwose. Ubwo rero, Abisirayeli bagombaga kwemera imyanzuro yose abo bagabo bafataga, kubera ko ari bo Yehova yakoreshaga ngo abayobore.

15. Twagaragaza dute ko twumvira amabwiriza Yehova aduha ari mu ijambo rye?

¹⁵ Muri iki gihe, Yehova akomeza kuyobora ubwoko bwe akoresheje Bibiliya. Iyo tuyisomye tumenya uko twamusenga mu buryo yemera. None se twagaragaza dute ko twumvira amabwiriza Yehova aduha akoresheje Bibiliya? Ibyo twabikora dufata umwanya wo gusoma Bibiliya twitonze no gukora uko dushoboye ngo dusobanukirwe ibirimo. Ushobora kwibaza uti: “Ese iyo nsoma Bibiliya cyangwa ibindi bitabo by’umuryango wacu, mfata umwanya wo gutekereza ku byo nsoma? Ese nkora ubushakashatsi kugira ngo nsobanukirwe inyigisho zimwe na zimwe zo muri Bibiliya, ‘zigoye gusobanukirwa’ cyangwa nsoma nihitira (2 Pet 3:16)?” Nidufata umwanya wo gutekereza ku byo Yehova atwigisha, bizadufasha gukurikiza amabwiriza aduha no gukora neza umurimo wo kubwiriza.—1 Tim 4:15, 16.

16. Ni iki kizadufasha kumvira amabwiriza duhabwa n’‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge,’ nubwo twaba tutayasobanukiwe neza?

 ¹⁶ Nanone Yehova aduha amabwiriza akoresheje ‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ (Mat 24:45). Icyakora, hari igihe umugaragu wizerwa aduha amabwiriza, ntidusobanukirwe neza impamvu yayaduhaye. Urugero, dushobora guhabwa amabwiriza atubwira uko twakwitegura ibiza runaka, ariko tukumva ibyo biza bidashobora kuba mu gace dutuyemo. Hari n’igihe dushobora kumva umugaragu akabya kwitwararika mu gihe habayeho icyorezo k’indwara. None se twakora iki mu gihe twumva ayo mabwiriza adashyize mu gaciro? Dushobora gutekereza ukuntu Abisirayeli bumviye amabwiriza Yosuwa na Zerubabeli babahaye kandi bikabagirira akamaro. Nanone dushobora no gutekereza ku zindi nkuru zo muri Bibiliya twasomye. Hari igihe abagaragu b’Imana bahabwaga amabwiriza asa n’aho adashyize mu gaciro, dukurikije uko abantu babona ibintu, ariko amaherezo agatuma barokoka.—Abac 7:7; 8:10.

17. Kuba Zekariya yareretswe igitereko cy’amatara n’ibiti bibiri by’imyelayo byagiriye Abayahudi akahe kamaro?

¹⁷ Nubwo iyerekwa rya gatanu Zekariya yeretswe ryari rigufi, ryatumye Abayahudi bongera kubaka no gukorera Yehova n’umutima wabo wose. Abayahudi bamaze gukurikiza amasomo bakuye muri iryo yerekwa, biboneye ko Yehova abakunda, abashyigikiye kandi ko ari we ubayoboye. Yehova yakoresheje umwuka wera abafasha kongera kubaka no kongera kugira ibyishimo.—Ezira 6:16.

18. Ibyo Zekariya yeretswe bigufitiye akahe kamaro?

¹⁸ Iyerekwa Zekariya yabonye rivuga iby’igitereko cy’amatara n’ibiti bibiri by’imyelayo, rigufitiye akamaro. Nk’uko twabibonye, rishobora gutuma ugira imbaraga maze ukihangana mu gihe hari abakurwanya. Nanone rishobora gutuma ugira ibyishimo, nubwo imimerere waba urimo yahinduka. Ikindi kandi rizagufasha kwiringira ko amabwiriza duhabwa aba aturutse kuri Yehova, maze uyumvire nubwo waba utayasobanukiwe neza. None se wakora iki mu gihe uhuye n’ibibazo? Mbere na mbere, jya uzirikana ko ibyo Zekariya yabonye mu iyerekwa, bikwizeza ko Yehova yita ku bagize ubwoko bwe. Hanyuma uge wiringira Yehova kandi ukomeze kumukorera n’umutima wawe wose (Mat 22:37). Nubigenza utyo, Yehova azagufasha umukorere wishimye iteka ryose.—Kolo 1:10, 11.