Kuki muri iki gihe hari Bibiliya zitandukanye mu ndimi nyinshi? Ese kuba ari nyinshi bituma abantu basobanukirwa Ijambo ry’Imana? Kumenya inkomoko y’izo Bibiliya bizagufasha kuzisuzumana ubwitonzi.

Ubundi se ni nde wabanje kwandika Bibiliya kandi yayanditse ryari?

Bibiliya igabanyijemo ibice bibiri. Igice cya mbere kigizwe n’ibitabo 39 birimo “amagambo yera y’Imana” (Abaroma 3:2). Imana yahumekeye abantu b’indahemuka kugira ngo bandike ibyo bitabo mu gihe k’imyaka igera ku 1.100, kuva mu mwaka wa 1513 kugeza mu wa 443 Mbere ya Yesu. Ibyinshi byanditswe mu Giheburayo. Ni yo mpamvu ibyo bitabo byitwa Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo, nanone bakunda kwita Isezerano rya Kera.

Igice cya kabiri kigizwe n’ibitabo 27, na byo bikaba ari “ijambo ry’Imana” (1 Abatesalonike 2:13). Imana yahumekeye abigishwa ba Yesu Kristo b’indahemuka, bandika ibyo bitabo mu gihe k’imyaka igera kuri 60, kuva mu mwaka wa 41 kugeza mu mwaka wa 98. Hafi ya byose byanditswe mu Kigiriki. Ni yo mpamvu byitwa Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo, bakunze kwita Isezerano Rishya.

Ibyo bitabo byose uko ari 66 ni byo bigize Bibiliya, ikubiyemo ubutumwa Imana yoherereje abantu. Ariko se kuki iyo Bibiliya yahinduwe mu zindi ndimi? Byatewe n’impamvu eshatu.

• Gufasha abantu gusoma Bibiliya mu ndimi zabo kavukire.

• Gukosora amakosa y’abandukuzi, bityo umwandiko ugasigara umeze nk’uw’umwimerere.

• Gukoresha imvugo ihuje n’igihe.

Reka dusuzume uko ibyo bintu byakurikijwe mu guhindura Bibiliya ebyiri za kera.

Imyaka igera kuri 300 Mbere ya Yesu, intiti z’Abayahudi zatangiye guhindura Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo mu Kigiriki. Bibiliya bahinduye bayise Bibiliya y’Ikigiriki ya Septante. Kuki yahinduwe? Bagira ngo bafashe Abayahudi benshi bari basigaye bavuga Ikigiriki, aho kuvuga Igiheburayo, kumenya neza “Ibyanditswe byera.”—2 Timoteyo 3:15.

Bibiliya ya Septante yafashije abandi bantu batari Abayahudi babarirwa muri za miriyoni bavugaga Ikigiriki, kumenya inyigisho za Bibiliya. Mu buhe buryo? Porofeseri W. F. Howard yaravuze ati: “Kuva mu kinyejana cya mbere, Abakristo ni bo bagiraga iyo Bibiliya, abamisiyonari babo bakajya mu masinagogi ‘bereka abantu bakoresheje ibyanditswe ko Yesu ari we wari Mesiya’” (Ibyakozwe 17:3, 4; 20:20). Intiti mu bya Bibiliya yitwa F. F. Bruce yaravuze iti: “Iyo ni imwe mu mpamvu yatumye Abayahudi benshi badashishikazwa na Bibiliya ya Septante.”

Uko abigishwa ba Yesu bagendaga babona ibitabo by’Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo, babishyize hamwe bongeraho Bibiliya ya Septante y’Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo, zivamo Bibiliya yuzuye dufite muri iki gihe.

Nyuma y’imyaka 300 iyo Bibiliya ibonetse, intiti yitwa Jérôme yayihinduye mu Kilatini, ayita Vulgate. None se ko Bibiliya z’Ikilatini zari zihari, kuki n’iyo yari ikenewe? Hari igitabo cyagize kiti: “Yashakaga gukosora aho bahinduye nabi, kongeramo ibyo bavanyemo no kuvanamo ibyo bongereyemo.”—International Standard Bible Encyclopedia.

Jérôme yakosoye amakosa menshi. Icyakora, nyuma yaho abayobozi ba Kiliziya bakoze ikosa rikomeye. Bamaze imyaka ibarirwa mu magana bavuga ko Bibiliya y’Ikilatini ya Vulgate ari yo yonyine yemewe. Abantu bo muri rubanda rwa giseseka ntibashoboraga gusobanukirwa Bibiliya ya Vulgate, kuko abenshi batari bazi Ikilatini.

Hagati aho, abantu bakomeje guhindura Bibiliya. Urugero, mu kinyejana cya gatanu, hahinduwe Bibiliya y’Igisiriyake izwi cyane yitwa Peshitta. Ariko mu kinyejana cya 14 ni bwo habonetse Bibiliya zihinduye mu ndimi abantu benshi bo muri rubanda bashobora kumva.

Mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 14, John Wycliffe wo mu Bwongereza yashatse kuvana muri Bibiliya imvugo ya kera, maze ahindura mu Cyongereza Bibiliya abantu bo mu gihugu cye bashoboraga kumva. Nyuma yaho gato, Johannes Gutenberg yahimbye uburyo bwo gucapa, maze bituma intiti mu bya Bibiliya zitangira gucapa no gukwirakwiza Bibiliya zahinduwe mu ndimi zivugwa mu Burayi.

Igihe Bibiliya zihinduye mu Cyongereza zabonekaga ari nyinshi, abantu bibajije impamvu hariho Bibiliya zitandukanye mu rurimi rumwe. Umwongereza witwa John Lewis wo mu kinyejana cya 18 yaranditse ati: “Ururimi rurakura kandi rugasaza, ntirube rucyumvikana neza. Ni yo mpamvu tugomba gusubiramo Bibiliya zahinduwe kera, tugakoresha imvugo ihuje n’igihe, abantu bumva.”

Muri iki gihe, abahanga mu bya Bibiliya bafite uburyo bwiza bwo gusubiramo Bibiliya za kera, bakazihuza n’igihe. Basobanukiwe neza indimi za kera Bibiliya yanditswemo, kandi bafite imyandiko ya kera yandikishijwe intoki yavumbuwe vuba aha. Ibyo bituma bamenya neza umwandiko w’umwimerere Bibiliya yanditswemo.

Ubwo rero, kugira Bibiliya zihuje n’igihe ni byiza. Birumvikana ariko ko hari izo tugomba kwitondera. * Niba abantu basubiramo Bibiliya babiterwa n’uko bakunda Imana koko, nta kuntu izo Bibiliya zitatugirira akamaro.