Turwanye ruswa dukoresheje inkota y’umwuka

‘Mwambare umuntu mushya, waremewe ibyo gukiranuka no kwera bizanywe n’ukuri, nk’uko imana yabishatse.’​—Abefeso 4:24.

IGIHE Ubwami bw’Abaroma bwari bumaze gukomera cyane, ni bwo bwari ubutegetsi bwa kimuntu bukomeye cyane kuruta ubundi bwose bwari bwarabaye ku isi mbere y’aho. Amategeko y’Abaroma yari ingirakamaro cyane, ku buryo na n’ubu akiri urufatiro rw’amategeko y’ibihugu byinshi. Ariko kandi, n’ubwo Roma yageze ku bintu byinshi, hari umwanzi umwe ufite amayeri menshi abasirikare bayo batashoboye kunesha: uwo ni ruswa. Amaherezo, ruswa yihutishije ibyo kugwa kwa Roma.

Intumwa Pawulo ni umwe mu bantu bahababariye mu gihe cy’abategetsi b’Abaroma bari baramunzwe na ruswa. Umutware w’Umuroma wamuhase ibibazo, ari we Feliki, uko bigaragara yabonaga ko Pawulo yari umwere. Ariko kandi, Feliki, wari umwe mu batware bari baramunzwe na ruswa cyane kurusha abandi bose bari bariho mu gihe cye, yagiye arazika urubanza rwa Pawulo, yiringiye ko Pawulo yari kuzamuhongera amafaranga kugira ngo akunde amurekure.—Ibyakozwe 24:22-26.

Aho kugira ngo Pawulo ahe Feliki ruswa, yamubwije ukuri kose ku birebana n’ibyo “gukiranuka n’ibyo kwirinda.” Feliki ntiyahinduye imyifatire  ye, maze Pawulo aguma muri gereza aho kugerageza kurenga ku mikorere yemewe n’amategeko atanga ruswa. Yabwirizaga ubutumwa buhereranye n’ukuri no kuba inyangamugayo, kandi akabaho mu buryo buhuje na bwo. Yandikiye Abakristo b’Abayahudi ati “twiringiye yuko tudafite umutima wicira urubanza, tukaba dushaka kugira ingeso nziza muri byose.”—Abaheburayo 13:18.

Bene icyo gihagararo cyari gihabanye rwose n’umuco wari uriho icyo gihe. Umuvandimwe wa Feliki witwaga Pallas yari umwe mu bantu bakize cyane kurusha abandi mu gihe cya kera, kandi umutungo we—wabarirwaga muri miriyoni 45 z’amadolari y’amanyamerika—hafi ya wose yari yarawuvanye kuri ruswa bamuhongeraga n’ibintu yamburaga. Icyakora, usanga umutungo we nta cyo uvuze rwose iyo uwugereranyije n’amadolari abarirwa muri za miriyari abategetsi bamwe na bamwe bo mu kinyejana cya 20 bamunzwe na ruswa bahishe kuri za konti zo mu ibanga muri banki. Uko bigaragara, umuntu utazi uko ibintu biteye ni we wenyine watekereza ko leta zo muri iki gihe zanesheje intambara yo kurwanya ruswa.

Kubera ko ruswa imaze igihe kirekire gutyo yarashinze imizi, mbese, tugomba kuvuga gusa ko ari kimwe mu bigize kamere muntu? Cyangwa se hari ikintu cyakorwa mu kurwanya ruswa?

Ni gute ruswa yarwanywa?

Intambwe ya mbere igaragara mu kurwanya ruswa, ni ukwemera ko ruswa isenya kandi ikaba ari mbi, kubera ko yungura abantu bononekaye igakandamiza abandi. Nta gushidikanya, hari amajyambere runaka yagezweho muri icyo cyerekezo. Uwitwa James Foley, akaba yungirije umunyamabanga wa leta muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, yagize ati “twese twemera ko ikiguzi cya ruswa gihanitse. Ruswa imunga imitegekere myiza, ikonona imigendekere myiza y’iby’ubukungu n’amajyambere, igahindanya ubucuruzi kandi igakandamiza abaturage hirya no hino ku isi.” Benshi bakwemeranya na we. Ku itariki ya 17 Ukuboza 1997, ibihugu 34 by’ibigugu byashyize umukono ku “masezerano yo guca ruswa” agenewe “kuzagira ingaruka zikomeye ku ntambara yo kurwanya ruswa ku isi hose.” Ayo masezerano “avuga ko umuntu utanga ruswa, uyisezeranya cyangwa uyiha umutegetsi wo mu kindi gihugu kugira ngo abone isoko mpuzamahanga cyangwa arigumane, aba akoze icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko.”

Ariko kandi, ruswa abantu batanga kugira ngo babone isoko mu bindi bihugu, ni agace gato cyane gusa kagaragara ka ruswa. Kuvanaho ruswa mu nzego zayo zose, bisaba gutera intambwe ya kabiri, ari na yo ikomeye kurushaho: guhindura umutima, cyangwa se ahubwo guhindura imitima myinshi. Abantu aho bari hose bagomba kwitoza kwanga ruswa iyo iva ikagera. Icyo gihe ni bwo gusa ibyo kwigwizaho umutungo mu buryo bukemangwa bizashira. Kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho, igazeti yitwa Newsweek yavuze ko hari bamwe batekereza ko leta z’ibihugu zigomba “gutera abantu bose muri rusange inkunga yo kumva ko bagomba kuba abaturage b’inyangamugayo.” Mu buryo nk’ubwo, itsinda ry’abantu bacengeza amatwara yo kurwanya ruswa bibumbiye mu muryango witwa Transparency International, rivuga ko abarishyigikiye “babiba ‘imbuto y’ubudahemuka’ ” aho bakorera.

Intambara yo kurwanya ruswa ni intambara yo mu rwego rw’imyifatire myiza idashobora kuneshwa hakoreshejwe amategeko yonyine cyangwa “inkota” y’ibihano bitangwa n’amategeko (Abaroma 13:4, 5). Imbuto z’ingeso nziza n’ubudahemuka zigomba kubibwa mu mitima y’abantu. Ibyo bishobora kugerwaho mu buryo bwiza kurusha ubundi binyuriye mu gukoresha icyo intumwa Pawulo yise “inkota y’[u]mwuka,” ni ukuvuga Ijambo ry’Imana, ari ryo Bibiliya.—Abefeso 6:17.

Bibiliya yamagana ruswa

Kuki Pawulo yanze gushyigikira ruswa? Ni ukubera ko yifuzaga gukora ibyo Imana ishaka, yo “itita ku cyubahiro cy’umuntu, idahongerwa” (Gutegeka 10:17). Byongeye kandi, nta gushidikanya ko Pawulo yibukaga amategeko asobanutse neza aboneka mu Mategeko ya Mose agira ati “ntuzite ku cyubahiro cy’umuntu; ntuzahongerwe, kuko impongano ihuma amaso y’abanyabwenge, kandi igoreka imanza z’abakiranutsi” (Gutegeka 16:19). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, umwami Dawidi yasobanukiwe ko Yehova yanga ruswa, maze asaba Imana ko itamubara mu banyabyaha, abo “ukuboko kwabo kw’iburyo kuzuye impongano.”—Zaburi 26:10.

Abantu basenga Imana nta buryarya bafite impamvu z’inyongera zituma bazibukira ruswa. Salomo yaranditse ati “umwami akomeresha igihugu ubutabera, ariko ufite umururumba w’impongano aragisenya.” (Imigani 29:4, New International Version.) Ubutabera—cyane cyane iyo bwubahirijwe uhereye mu bategetsi bo mu nzego zo hejuru kugeza ku bo mu nzego z’ibanze—butuma igihugu kidahungabana, mu gihe ruswa yo ikenesha igihugu. Mu buryo  bushishikaje, ya gazeti Newsweek yagize iti “muri gahunda y’ubutegetsi aho usanga umuntu wese ashaka agapande ke kuri ruswa, kandi akaba azi ukuntu yakabona, ubukungu bushobora kugwa nta kabuza.”

Ndetse n’iyo ubukungu butagwa burundu, abakunda ubutabera bumva bamanjiriwe iyo babona ruswa isagamba igahabwa intebe (Zaburi 73:3, 13). Umuremyi wacu, ari na we wadushyizemo icyifuzo cyo gushaka ubutabera na we biramubabaza. Mu gihe cyahise, Yehova yagize icyo akora kugira ngo akureho ruswa yari yarabaye icyorezo. Urugero, yabwiye abaturage ba Yerusalemu adaciye ku ruhande impamvu yari kuzabahana mu maboko y’ababisha babo.

Binyuriye ku muhanuzi Mika, Imana yagize ati “nimwumve ibi, batware b’inzu ya Yakobo, n’abacamanza b’inzu ya Isirayeli, mwanga imanza zitabera, mukagoreka ibitunganye byose. Abatware baho bacira imanza impongano, n’abatambyi baho bigishiriza ibihembo, n’abahanuzi baho baragurira ingemu . . . Ni cyo gituma i Siyoni hazahingwa nk’umurima ari mwe hazize, n’i Yerusalemu hazaba ibirundo by’amazu.” Ruswa yari yarononnye umuryango w’abantu muri Isirayeli, nk’uko yaje kumunga Roma hashize ibinyejana byinshi nyuma y’aho. Mu buryo buhuje n’umuburo w’Imana, hashize hafi ikinyejana kimwe nyuma y’aho Mika yandikiye ayo magambo, Yerusalemu yarashenywe ihinduka umusaka.—Mika 3:9, 11, 12.

Icyakora, nta muntu cyangwa igihugu bari bakwiriye kumungwa na ruswa. Imana itera ababi inkunga yo guhindura imibereho yabo, kandi bagahindura imitekerereze yabo (Yesaya 55:7). Ashaka ko twese uko tungana, umururumba twawusimbuza umutima uzira ubwikunde, na ruswa tukayisimbuza gukiranuka. Yehova atwibutsa agira ati “urenganya umukene, aba atuka Iyamuremye; ariko ubabariye umutindi, aba ayubashye.”—Imigani 14:31.

Turwanye ruswa mu buryo bugira ingaruka nziza dukoresheje ukuri kwa Bibiliya

Ni iki gishobora gusunikira umuntu kugira bene iryo hinduka? Ni imbaraga nk’izasunikiye Pawulo kureka imibereho yari afite ari Umufarisayo maze agahinduka umwigishwa wa Yesu Kristo ukomeye. Yaranditse ati ‘ijambo ry’Imana ni rizima, rifite imbaraga’ (Abaheburayo 4:12). Muri iki gihe, ukuri gushingiye ku Byanditswe na n’ubu gutuma abantu baba inyangamugayo, ndetse na ba bantu bagize uruhare muri ruswa mu buryo bwimbitse. Reka dufate urugero.

Uwitwa Alexander ukomoka mu Burayi bw’i Burasirazuba, akimara kuva mu gisirikare yagiye mu gatsiko k’abantu bakoraga ibikorwa byo kuronka amafaranga mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko, ibikorwa by’ubwambuzi kandi bagakoresha ruswa. * Yagize ati “nari nshinzwe gutera ubwoba abacuruzi bakomeye mbasaba amafaranga kugira ngo mbarinde. Iyo umucuruzi yabaga yaramaze kunyizera, abandi bagize agatsiko kacu bamushyiragaho iterabwoba bamukorera ibikorwa by’urugomo. Hanyuma narazaga nkamubwira ko ngiye gukemura icyo kibazo—akampemba amafaranga menshi cyane. ‘Abakiriya’ banjye baranshimaga kubera ko nabafashaga guhangana n’ingorane zabo, mu gihe mu by’ukuri ari jye wabaga nazibateje. Igitangaje ariko, icyo ni cyo kintu nakundiraga ako kazi.

“Nanone kandi, nakundaga amafaranga hamwe n’ishema rikomeye iyo mibereho yatumaga ngira. Nagenderaga mu modoka ihenda, nkaba mu nzu nziza, kandi nari mfite amafaranga yo kugura ikintu cyose nifuzaga. Abantu barantinyaga, bigatuma numva ndi igihangange. Mu buryo runaka numvaga nta muntu n’umwe ushobora kunkoraho, kandi ndi hejuru y’amategeko. Ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose nagiranaga n’abapolisi cyashoboraga gukemurwa binyuriye ku muntu wakoraga umwuga wo kuburanira abandi wabizobereyemo, wabaga ufite uburyo bwo guhunga gahunda y’ubutabera, cyangwa kigakemurwa binyuriye kuri ruswa mpaye umuntu igomba.

“Icyakora, abantu bafite imibereho ishingiye kuri ruswa ntibakunze kurangwa n’ubudahemuka. Umwe mu bari bagize agatsiko kacu yatangiye kunyanga, maze nsigara nta wuncira akari urutega. Mu buryo butunguranye, natakaje ya modoka yanjye y’akataraboneka, ntakaza amafaranga yanjye n’umukobwa w’iraha wari incuti yanjye. Ndetse abantu barankubise barandembya. Iryo hinduka ryatumye ntekereza cyane ku ntego y’ubuzima.

“Mu mezi make mbere y’aho, mama yari yarabaye umwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova, kandi natangiye gusoma ibitabo byabo. Umurongo wo mu Migani 4:14, 15 mu by’ukuri watumye ntekereza cyane, uwo murongo ukaba ugira uti ‘ntukajye mu nzira y’inkozi z’ibibi kandi ntukagendere mu migenzereze y’abantu babi. Ujye uyitaza, ntuyinyuremo; uyiteshuke, uce mu yindi.’ Imirongo y’Ibyanditswe nk’uwo  nguwo, yanyemeje ko abantu bashaka kugira imibereho y’ubugizi bwa nabi, nta mibereho nyakuri y’igihe kizaza baba bafite. Natangiye gusenga Yehova no kumusaba ko anyobora mu nzira iboneye. Niganye Bibiliya n’Abahamya ba Yehova, maze amaherezo negurira Imana ubuzima bwanjye. Kuva icyo gihe nabaye inyangamugayo.

“Birumvikana ko kuyoborwa n’amahame ansaba kuba inyangamugayo mu mibereho yanjye byumvikanisha ko mbona amafaranga make cyane. Ariko noneho ubu numva mfite ibyiringiro by’igihe kizaza, ko ubuzima bwanjye bufite icyo buvuze. Mbona ko imibereho yanjye ya mbere hamwe n’ibintu bihenze cyane by’akarusho nari mfite yari imeze neza neza nk’inzu bakiniramo urusimbi itegereje guhomba igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Mu gihe cyahise, umutimanama wanjye wari warabaye igiti. None ubu mbifashijwemo n’icyigisho cyanjye cya Bibiliya, buri gihe iyo hagize ikinshuka ngo nkore ibintu by’ubuhemu, urandya—ndetse no mu tuntu duto duto. Ndimo ndihatira kubaho mu buryo buhuje n’ibivugwa muri Zaburi 37:3, hagira hati ‘wiringire Uwiteka, ukore ibyiza; guma mu gihugu, ukurikize umurava.’ ”

“Uwanga impongano azabaho”

Nk’uko Alexander yabitahuye, ukuri kwa Bibiliya gushobora gusunikira umuntu kunesha ruswa. Yagize ihinduka mu buryo buhuje n’ibyavuzwe n’intumwa Pawulo mu rwandiko yandikiye Abefeso igira iti “mukwiriye kwiyambura umuntu wa kera, uheneberezwa no kwifuza gushukana, mugahinduka bashya mu mwuka w’ubwenge bwanyu, mukambara umuntu mushya, waremewe ibyo gukiranuka no kwera bizanywe n’ukuri, nk’uko Imana yabishatse. Nuko mwiyambure ibinyoma, umuntu wese avugane ukuri na mugenzi we, kuko turi ingingo za bagenzi bacu. Uwibaga ntakongere kwiba, ahubwo akore imirimo, akoreshe amaboko ibyiza, kugira ngo abone ibyo gufasha umukene” (Abefeso 4:22-25, 28). Imibereho y’abantu yo mu gihe kizaza ishingiye ku kugira ihinduka nk’iryo.

Mu gihe haba hatagize igikorwa kugira ngo umururumba na ruswa birwanywe, bishobora koreka isi nk’uko byagize uruhare mu gusenya Ubwami bw’Abaroma. Igishimishije ariko, ni uko Umuremyi w’abantu adateganya kureka ngo ibyo bintu bikomeze byidegembye. Yiyemeje ‘kurimbura abarimbura isi’ (Ibyahishuwe 11:18). Kandi Yehova asezeranya abantu bifuza cyane isi itarimo ruswa ko mu gihe cya vuba aha hazabaho “ijuru rishya n’isi nshya, ibyo gukiranuka kuzabamo.”—2 Petero 3:13.

Ni koko, kuyoborwa n’amahame adusaba kuba inyangamugayo mu mibereho yacu muri iki gihe bishobora kutoroha. Nyamara kandi, Yehova atwizeza ko amaherezo “umuntu ugira umururumba ateza umuryango we akaga, ariko uwanga impongano azabaho” (Imigani 15:27, NIV). * Iyo tuzibukiriye ruswa uhereye ubu, tuba tugaragaje ko nta buryarya tuba dufite mu gihe dusenga Imana tugira tuti “ubwami bwawe buze, ibyo ushaka bibeho mu isi, nk’uko biba mu ijuru.”—Matayo 6:10.

Mu gihe tugitegereje ko ubwo Bwami bugira icyo bukora, buri wese muri twe ashobora ‘kubiba akurikiza gukiranuka’ yanga gushyigikira ruswa cyangwa kuyitanga no kuyakira (Hoseya 10:12). Nitubigenza dutyo, imibereho yacu na yo izagaragaza ko Ijambo ry’Imana ryahumetswe rifite imbaraga. Inkota y’umwuka ishobora kunesha ruswa.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 7]

Tubifashijwemo na Bibiliya, dushobora kwambara “umuntu mushya” bityo tukazibukira ruswa