Ibikomere by’intambara

UMUNTU wahoze ari umusirikare warwanye mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose yagize ati “mu ntambara nta batsinda babamo. Habamo abatsindwa gusa.” Hari benshi bakwemeranya na we. Ikiguzi cy’intambara giteye ubwoba cyane; abatsinze kimwe n’abatsinzwe, bishyura ikiguzi giteye ubwoba. Ndetse na nyuma y’uko ubushyamirane bukoreshwamo intwaro buhosheje, abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bakomeza kubabazwa n’ibikomere biteye ubwoba by’iyo ntambara.

Ni ibihe bikomere? Intambara ishobora gutsemba abaturage, igasiga umubare munini w’impfubyi n’abapfakazi. Abarokotse benshi usanga bafite ibikomere biteye ubwoba ku mubiri, hamwe n’inkovu mu bwenge. Ababarirwa muri za miriyoni bashobora gusigara iheruheru cyangwa bagahatirwa kuba impunzi. Mbese, dushobora kwiyumvisha urwango n’intimba bigomba kuba bikomeza gucumbeka mu mitima y’abarokotse bene izo ntambara?

Ibikomere Bininda

Ibikomere intambara zateye mu mitima y’abantu bikomeza kubababaza nyuma y’igihe kirekire amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano agezweho, imbunda zigaceceka n’abasirikare bagasubira iwabo. Abo mu bihe bikurikiraho bashobora kubikirana inzika. Muri ubwo buryo, ibikomere by’intambara imwe bishobora kuba intandaro y’indi izayikurikira.

Urugero, Amasezerano y’i Versailles, yashyizweho umukono mu mwaka wa 1919 kugira ngo Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose irangire mu buryo bwemewe, yasabye u Budage ibintu abaturage babwo babonaga ko ari ugukagatiza no kubihimuraho. Dukurikije uko igitabo cyitwa The Encyclopædia Britannica kibivuga, amagambo yo muri ayo masezerano “yatumye Abadage babika inzika, kandi yagize uruhare mu kubasunikira gushaka kwihorera.” Hashize imyaka runaka nyuma y’aho, “inzika abantu bari baratewe n’amasezerano y’amahoro, yahaye Hitileri aho atangirira,” kandi yabaye kimwe mu bintu byatumye Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose irota.

Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose yatangiriye mu Burayi bw’i Burengerazuba, isakara no mu karere ka Balkans. Ibikomere abantu b’amoko atandukanye batuye muri ako karere bateranye mu myaka ya za 40 byagize uruhare mu gutegura intambara yo mu karere ka Balkans mu myaka ya za 90. Ikinyamakuru cyo mu Budage cyitwa Die Zeit cyagize kiti “umuzurungutano w’urwangano no gushaka kwihorera, wahindutse ikibazo gikomeza gukaza umurego, kigera muri iki gihe cyacu.”

Nta gushidikanya ko kugira ngo abantu babeho mu mahoro, ibikomere by’intambara bigomba kuvurwa bigakira. Ibyo byagerwaho bite? Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo urwangano n’intimba bikurweho? Ni nde ushobora gukiza ibikomere by’intambara?

 [Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 2 yavuye]

COVER: Fatmir Boshnjaku

[Aho amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 3 yavuye]

Ifoto yatanzwe na U.S. Coast Guard; UN PHOTO 158297/J. Isaac