Inkuru ivuga ibyabaye mu mibereho

Nakoranye ubugingo bwanjye bwose n’ubwo nahuye n’ibigeragezo

BYAVUZWE NA RODOLFO LOZANO

Navukiye muri Megizike mu mujyi wa Gómez Palacio, muri Leta ya Durango ku itariki ya 17 Nzeri 1917. Revolisiyo y’Abanyamegizike yari igeze ahakomeye. N’ubwo iyo revolisiyo yarangiye mu mwaka wa 1920, imivurungano yo mu karere twari dutuyemo yarakomeje imara imyaka myinshi nyuma y’aho, bituma ubuzima bugorana cyane.

IGIHE kimwe ubwo Mama yamenyaga ko hari hagiye kubaho imirwano hagati y’ingabo zigometse ku butegetsi n’ingabo za leta, yadushyize mu nzu jye na bakuru banjye batatu hamwe na bashiki banjye babiri tumaramo iminsi myinshi. Twari dufite ibyokurya bike, kandi ndibuka igihe jye na mushiki wanjye muto twihishaga munsi y’igitanda. Nyuma y’ibyo, Mama yafashe umwanzuro wo kutujyana, twebwe abana, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, aho data yari kuzadusanga.

Twageze muri Kaliforuniya mu mwaka wa 1926, mbere gato y’uko Kugwa Gukomeye k’Ubukungu ku isi hose kugera muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Twagendaga twimukira aho twashoboraga kubona akazi hose, tujya mu mijyi imwe n’imwe, urugero nka San Joaquin Valley, Santa Clara, Salinas, na King City. Twitoje gukora mu mirima no gusarura imbuto n’imboga by’ubwoko bwose. N’ubwo nkiri muto twakoraga akazi kavunanye, byaranshimishaga cyane mu mibereho yanjye.

Tugerwaho n’Ukuri kwa Bibiliya

Muri Werurwe 1928, Umwigishwa wa Bibiliya, nk’uko Abahamya ba Yehova bitwaga icyo gihe, yaradusuye. Yari umugabo ugeze mu za bukuru wavugaga Igihisipaniya witwaga Esteban Rivera. Umutwe w’agatabo yadusigiye uvuga ngo “Abapfuye Bari Hehe?” waranshimishije kimwe n’ibyari bikubiyemo. N’ubwo nari nkiri muto, nakomeje kwiga Bibiliya no kwifatanya n’Abigishwa  ba Bibiliya. Nyuma y’igihe runaka, mama na mushiki wanjye Aurora na bo babaye abasingiza Yehova babigiranye umwete.

Mu myaka ya za 30 rwagati, hari Inzu y’Ubwami yubatswe i San Jose yari igenewe itorero ryakoreshaga Icyongereza. Kubera ko Abanyahisipaniya benshi bakoraga mu mirima yo muri ako karere, twatangiye kubabwiriza no kugira Icyigisho cy’Umunara w’Umurinzi. Ibyo twabikoraga tubifashijwemo n’Abahamya b’Abanyahisipaniya baturukaga i San Francisco, ku birometero 80. Nyuma y’igihe runaka, twari dufite abantu bagera kuri 60 bazaga mu materaniro yakoreshaga ururimi rw’Igihisipaniya yaberaga mu Nzu y’Ubwami y’i San Jose.

Amaherezo, ku itariki ya 28 Gashyantare 1940, niyeguriye Yehova binyuriye ku mubatizo wo mu mazi mu ikoraniro ryari ryabereye i San Jose. Mu mwaka wakurikiyeho, nabaye umupayiniya, ni ukuvuga umukozi w’igihe cyose w’Abahamya ba Yehova. Hanyuma, muri Mata 1943, natumiriwe kwimukira i Stockton, umujyi uri ku birometero bigera ku 130, kugira ngo njye gushinga itorero rikoresha ururimi rw’Igihisipaniya. Icyo gihe nari umugenzuzi uhagarariye itorero ry’Icyongereza ry’i San Jose, kandi nanone nitaga ku Bahamya b’aho bavugaga Igihisipaniya. Igihe nari maze gukora gahunda zo kugira ngo abandi bite kuri izo nshingano, nimukiye i Stockton.

Ugushikama Kugeragezwa

Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 1940, nahamagajwe kenshi ku biro byandika abajya mu gisirikare, ariko buri gihe igihagararo cyanjye cyo kwanga uwo murimo bitewe n’umutimanama wanjye cyarubahirizwaga. Nyuma y’aho Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zinjiriye mu ntambara ya kabiri y’isi yose mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 1941, ibigeragezo byaturukaga mu biro byandika abajya mu gisirikare byakajije umurego. Amaherezo, mu mwaka wa 1944, narafunzwe. Mu gihe nari ntegereje gukatirwa, nafungiwe mu nzu yo hasi y’ubutaka hamwe n’abagizi ba nabi. Bamaze kumenya ko ndi umwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova, benshi muri bo bambajije ibibazo ku bihereranye n’ukuntu ibyaha bari barakoze byari kuzagira ingaruka ku gihagararo cyabo imbere y’Imana.

Abahamya b’i San Jose banyishyuriye amafaranga y’ingwate kugira ngo nshobore gufungurwa by’agateganyo ntegereje kuburana. Umuhanga mu by’amategeko w’i Los Angeles wunganiraga abaregwa mu manza zifitanye isano n’uburenganzira bw’abaturage yemeye kumburanira ku buntu. Umucamanza yafashe icyemezo cyo kundekura ari uko ndetse gukora umurimo w’ubupayiniya, ngashaka akazi k’umubiri kandi nkajya nitaba ubutegetsi buri kwezi. Icyo cyemezo naracyanze maze nkatirwa igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri muri gereza yitwa McNeil Island muri Leta ya Washington. Igihe nari ndiyo, nakoresheje igihe cyanjye kugira ngo nkaze umurego mu cyigisho  cya Bibiliya. Nanone kandi, nize kwandikisha imashini. Mu gihe kitageze ku myaka ibiri, narafunguwe kubera ko nitwaraga neza. Nahise nkora gahunda zo gukomeza umurimo w’ubupayiniya.

Nagura Umurimo

Mu itumba ryo mu mwaka wa 1947, jye hamwe n’undi mupayiniya twakoranaga twahawe inshingano yo gukorera mu bantu bavuga Igihisipaniya bo muri Colorado City, ho muri Texas. Ariko kandi, hari hakonje cyane ku buryo twagiye i San Antonio ho hari hashyushye. Aho ngaho ariko, imvura yaragwaga cyane ku buryo umurimo wo ku nzu n’inzu wahagaze. Bidatinze, amafaranga yaradushiranye. Mu gihe cy’ibyumweru byinshi twatunzwe n’utugati turimo amashu gusa hamwe n’icyayi cya mukaru. Mugenzi wanjye yisubiriye iwabo ariko jye narasigaye. Mu gihe Abahamya bavuga Icyongereza bamenyaga ibyo nari nkeneye mu buryo bw’umubiri, batangiye kumfasha.

Mu rugaryi rwakurikiyeho, nasubiye aho nari naroherejwe gukorera muri Colorado City, maze amaherezo haza gushingwa itorero rito rikoresha Igihisipaniya. Hanyuma nimukiye i Sweetwater ho muri Texas, aho nagize uruhare mu gushinga irindi torero rikoresha Igihisipaniya. Igihe nari nkiri i Sweetwater, nabonye ibaruwa yantumiriraga kujya kwiga ishuri rya 15 mu Ishuri rya Bibiliya rya Galeedi rya Watchtower ritoza abamisiyonari, ryatangiye ku itariki ya 22 Gashyantare 1950. Maze guhabwa impamyabumenyi mu ikoraniro mpuzamahanga ryari ryabereye i Yankee Stadium muri New York City mu mpeshyi y’uwo mwaka, namaze amezi atatu ndi ku biro bikuru byo mu rwego rw’isi yose by’Abahamya ba Yehova biri i Brooklyn. Aho ngaho, nahawe imyitozo irebana n’inshingano nari kuzasohoza mu biro by’ishami byo muri Megizike.

Umurimo Muri Megizike

Nageze mu mujyi wa Mexico City ku itariki ya 20 Ukwakira 1950. Hashize hafi ibyumweru bibiri nyuma y’aho, nagizwe umugenzuzi w’ishami, iyo nshingano nyisohoza mu gihe cy’imyaka ine n’igice. Amasomo nari narakuye ku byambayeho mu murimo w’ubupayiniya, muri gereza, i Galeedi n’i Brooklyn yabaye ingirakamaro cyane. Nkigera muri Megizike, nahise mbona ko ari ngombwa kubaka imimerere yo mu buryo bw’umwuka y’abavandimwe na bashiki bacu bo muri Megizike. Cyane cyane bari bakeneye gufashwa kubaho mu buryo buhuje n’amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yo mu Ijambo ry’Imana.

Mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y’Epfo, hakubiyemo na Megizike, hari hari umuco w’uko abagabo n’abagore bibanira batarashyingiranywe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Amadini yo muri Kristendomu, cyane cyane Kiliziya Gatolika y’i Roma, yari yararetse uwo mugenzo udahuje n’Ibyanditswe urasagamba (Abaheburayo 13:4). Ku bw’ibyo, hari bamwe bari barabaye abagize amatorero y’Abahamya ba Yehova, n’ubwo batari barashyingiranywe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Icyo gihe abantu nk’abo bahawe amezi atandatu kugira ngo babe bashyize ibintu mu buryo. Naho ubundi, ntibashoboraga gukomeza kwemerwa ko ari Abahamya ba Yehova.

Kuri benshi, gushyira ibintu mu buryo mu mibereho yabo byari byoroshye. Bagombaga gusa gusezerana mu butegetsi. Abandi bo bari bafite ibibazo bikomeye kurushaho. Urugero, hari bamwe bari barashatse incuro ebyiri, ndetse hari n’abari barashatse incuro eshatu, batarigeze batana mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Igihe amaherezo imimerere y’ubwoko bwa Yehova ihereranye n’ishyingiranwa yari ihuje n’inyigisho z’Ijambo ry’Imana, amatorero yabonye imigisha ihebuje yo mu buryo bw’umwuka.​—1 Abakorinto 6:9-11.

Muri rusange, muri Megizike abari barakandagiye mu ishuri muri icyo gihe bari bake cyane. Ndetse na mbere y’uko mpagera mu mwaka wa 1950, ibiro by’ishami byari byaratangiye gutegura amashuri yo kwigisha gusoma no kwandika mu matorero. Noneho twongeye kuvugurura ayo mashuri, maze hakorwa gahunda zo kugira ngo yandikwe mu butegetsi. Guhera mu mwaka wa 1946, ubwo batangiraga kujya babika imibare, abantu basaga 143.000 muri Megizike bigiye gusoma no kwandika mu mashuri y’Abahamya!

Amategeko yo muri Megizike yabuzaga amadini ibintu byinshi cyane. Icyakora, mu myaka ya vuba aha habayeho ihinduka rikomeye mu birebana n’ibyo. Mu mwaka wa 1992, hashyizweho itegeko rishya ryerekeranye n’amadini, bityo mu mwaka wa 1993 umuryango wo mu rwego rw’idini w’Abahamya ba Yehova bo muri Megizike uhabwa ubuzima gatozi.

Kuri jye iryo hinduka ryatumye ngira  ibyishimo byinshi cyane, ibintu mu bihe byahise nari gutekereza ko bitari gushoboka. Mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi nari naragiye njya mu biro bya leta incuro nyinshi maze bakanyakirana urwikekwe. Ariko kandi, ni byiza kubona ukuntu ibyo bibazo byahihibikaniwe mu Rwego Rushinzwe iby’Amategeko mu biro by’ishami ryacu, ku buryo muri iki gihe duhura n’ibibazo bike ugereranyije bitubangamira mu murimo wo kubwiriza.

Nkorana na Mugenzi Wanjye w’Umumisiyonari

Igihe nageraga muri Megizike, muri icyo gihugu nasanzeyo abantu benshi bari barahawe impamyabumenyi mu mashuri ya mbere ya Galeedi. Umwe muri abo yari Esther Vartanian, Umuhamya wo muri Arumeniya wari waratangiriye umurimo w’ubupayiniya muri Vallejo ho muri Kaliforuniya mu mwaka wa 1942. Twashyingiranywe ku itariki ya 30 Nyakanga 1955, maze nyuma y’aho dukomereza umurimo wacu muri Megizike. Esther yakomereje umurimo w’ubumisiyonari mu mujyi wa Mexico City, kandi twari dutuye ku biro by’ishami aho nakomeje gukorera.

Esther yari yarageze aho yoherejwe gukorera umurimo w’ubumisiyonari bwa mbere muri Monterrey, i Nuevo León ho muri Megizike, mu mwaka wa 1947. Muri Monterrey hari hari itorero rimwe gusa ry’Abahamya bagera kuri 40, ariko igihe yimurirwaga muri Mexico City mu mwaka wa 1950, hari hari amatorero ane. Ku biro byacu by’ishami biri hafi ya Mexico City, muri iki gihe hari abasore babiri bakomoka mu miryango Esther yiganye na yo Bibiliya igihe yakoreraga muri Monterrey.

Mu mwaka wa 1950, ifasi yo kubwirizamo y’abamisiyonari muri Mexico City yari ikubiyemo igice kinini cy’umujyi. Bagendaga mu ifasi yabo ku maguru cyangwa se bakagenda muri bisi zashaje zabaga zipakiye abantu no hejuru. Igihe nageragayo mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1950, hari hariyo amatorero arindwi. Ubu ayo matorero yariyongereye agera ku 1.600, hakaba hari n’ababwiriza b’Ubwami basaga 90.000 muri Mexico City, kandi umwaka ushize abantu basaga 250.000 bateranye ku Rwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Kristo muri uwo mujyi! Mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi, jye na  Esther twagize igikundiro cyo gukorera muri menshi muri ayo matorero.

Iyo jye na Esther dutangije icyigisho cya Bibiliya, buri gihe tugerageza gukora icyatuma umugabo nyir’urugo ashimishwa kugira ngo umuryango wose uko wakabaye ukigiremo uruhare. Muri ubwo buryo, twagiye tubona imiryango myinshi igizwe n’abantu benshi ikorera Yehova. Ntekereza ko imwe mu mpamvu zituma muri Megizike hari ukwiyongera kwihuse k’ugusenga k’ukuri, ari uko akenshi usanga abagize imiryango bose uko bakabaye bayoboka ugusenga k’ukuri bunze ubumwe.

Yehova Yahaye Umugisha Umurimo

Kuva mu mwaka wa 1950, umurimo wagiye utera imbere muri Megizike mu buryo bushishikaje cyane, mu birebana no kwiyongera k’umubare n’ihinduka mu birebana n’umuteguro. Kuba twaragize uruhare ruto muri uko kwiyongera, dukorana n’abo baturage barangwa n’umuco wo kwakira abashyitsi kandi bishimye, bidutera ibyishimo nyakuri.

Karl Kein, ubu akaba ari umwe mu bagize Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova, we hamwe n’umugore we, Margaret, baradusuye igihe bari mu kiruhuko mu myaka runaka ishize. Umuvandimwe Klein yifuzaga kwiyumvira uko gukora umurimo mu ifasi yacu ya Megizike bimeze, bityo we na Margaret baje mu Itorero ryo mu karere ka San Juan Tezontla, hafi ya Mexico City, aho twateraniraga icyo gihe. Inzu twateraniragamo yari nto, ifite hafi metero 4,5 kuri 5,5. Igihe twari tuhageze, twahasanze abantu bagera kuri 70, kandi nta hantu hari hasigaye umuntu yahagarara. Abageze mu za bukuru bari bicaye mu ntebe zegamirwa, abakiri bato bicaye ku ntebe z’imbaho, naho abana bato bicaye ku matafari cyangwa hasi.

Umuvandimwe Klein yashimishijwe cyane n’ukuntu abana bose bari bafite Bibiliya zabo mu ntoki, barambura imirongo ya Bibiliya bagakurikira mu gihe utanga disikuru yabaga ayisoma. Nyuma ya disikuru, Umuvandimwe Klein yagize icyo avuga ku bikubiye muri Matayo 13:19-23, kandi avuga ko muri Megizike hari “ubutaka bwiza” bwinshi Yesu yavuze. Muri iki gihe, barindwi mu bana bari bateranye uwo munsi, ubu barimo barakora mu mushinga munini wo kwagura amazu y’ishami ryacu hafi ya Mexico City. Undi akora kuri Beteli kandi abandi benshi ni abapayiniya!

Igihe nazaga i Mexico City, hari hari abantu 11 mu muryango wacu wo ku ishami. Ubu dufite abantu bagera ku 1.350 bakora ku ishami, abagera kuri 250 bakora umurimo wo kubaka amazu mashya y’ishami. Mu gihe iyo mirimo yose izaba irangiye, wenda nko mu mwaka wa 2002, tuzashobora kwakira abandi bantu 1.200 mu mazu yacu azaba yagutse. Tekereza ko mu mwaka wa 1950 twari dufite ababwiriza b’Ubwami batageze ku 7.000 mu gihugu cyose, ariko ubu dufite abasaga 500.000! Umutima wanjye usagwa n’ibyishimo iyo ndebye ukuntu Yehova yahaye umugisha imihati abavandimwe bacu boroheje bo muri Megizike bashyiraho bakorana umwete kugira ngo bamusingize.

Duhangana n’Ikibazo cy’Ingorabahizi

Kimwe mu bibazo by’ingorabahizi cyane kurusha ibindi nahuye na byo mu myaka yo hanyuma, ni uburwayi. Muri rusange nari umuntu ufite amagara mazima. Ariko kandi, mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 1988, narwaye indwara y’imitsi yo mu bwonko, isiga igize ingaruka zikomeye cyane ku bushobozi bwanjye bw’umubiri. Ku bwa Yehova, binyuriye ku myitozo y’umubiri hamwe n’indi miti, narorohewe mu rugero runaka, ariko ibice runaka by’umubiri wanjye ntibigikora nk’uko mbyifuza. Nkomeza guhabwa imiti kandi abaganga bakanyitaho kugira ngo nirinde kuribwa mu mutwe cyane hamwe n’izindi ngaruka ngifite.

N’ubwo ntagishobora gukora byinshi nk’uko mbyifuza, numva nyuzwe kubera ko nzi ko nashoboye gufasha abantu benshi kumenya ibyerekeranye n’imigambi ya Yehova no kuba abagaragu be bamwiyeguriye. Nanone kandi, nishimira kuganira n’abavandimwe na bashiki bacu b’Abakristo benshi uko bishoboka kose mu gihe basuye ishami ryacu; numva duteranye inkunga.

Kumenya ko Yehova yishimira umurimo tumukorera kandi ko ibyo twakoze bitabaye imfabusa byarankomeje cyane (1 Abakorinto 15:58). N’ubwo mfite intege nke n’uburwayi, nazirikanye amagambo avugwa mu Bakolosayi 3:23, 24, amagambo agira ati “ibyo mukora byose, mubikore mubikuye ku mutima, nk’abakorera Shobuja mukuru, badakorera abantu, muzi yuko muzagororerwa na we, muhawe wa murage.” Mu buryo buhuje n’iyo nama, nitoje gukorera Yehova n’ubugingo bwanjye bwose n’ubwo nahuye n’ibigeragezo.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 24]

Mu mwaka wa 1942 igihe nari umupayiniya

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Umugore wanjye yatangiriye umurimo w’ubumisiyonari muri Megizike mu mwaka wa 1947

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 24]

Ndi kumwe na Esther muri iki gihe

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 26]

Haruguru ibumoso: umuryango wacu wa Beteli yo muri Megizike mu mwaka wa 1952, jye ndi imbere

Haruguru: abantu basaga 109.000 bateraniye muri sitade yo muri Mexico City mu ikoraniro ry’intara ryo mu mwaka wa 1999

Hepfo ibumoso: amazu yacu mashya y’ishami ubu ari hafi kuzura