Aho Inteko Nyobozi itandukaniye n’umuryango wemewe n’amategeko

INAMA za buri mwaka z’umuryango wa Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania zagiye ziba guhera muri Mutarama 1885. Igihe igikorwa cyo gukorakoranya Abakristo basizwe cyari kigikomeza mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 19, abayobozi n’abakozi bakuru b’uwo muryango bari bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzajya mu ijuru. Mu by’ukuri, hafi buri gihe ni ko byabaga bimeze.

Hari igihe kimwe ibyo bitakurikijwe. Mu mwaka wa 1940, Hayden C. Covington​—icyo gihe wari umujyanama wa Sosayiti mu birebana n’amategeko kandi akaba uwo mu ‘zindi ntama,’ wari ufite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba ku isi​—yatorewe kujya mu rwego rw’ubuyobozi bwa Sosayiti (Yohana 10:16). Yabaye visi perezida wa Sosayiti kuva mu mwaka wa 1942 kugeza mu wa 1945. Icyo gihe, Umuvandimwe Covington yeguye ku murimo we kugira ngo ahuze n’ibyasaga n’aho ari byo Yehova ashaka​—ko abayobozi n’abakozi bakuru bose b’umuryango wa Pennsylvania baba Abakristo basizwe. Lyman A. Swingle yasimbuye Hayden C. Covington mu rwego rw’abayobozi, naho Frederick W. Franz atorerwa kuba visi perezida.

Kuki abagaragu ba Yehova batekerezaga ko abayobozi n’abakozi bakuru b’umuryango wa Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania bose bagomba kuba Abakristo basizwe? Ni ukubera ko muri icyo gihe, urwego rw’abayobozi n’abakozi bakuru b’umuryango wa Pennsylvania babonwaga ko bafitanye isano rya bugufi n’Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova, buri gihe yose uko yakabaye ikaba yarabaga igizwe n’abagabo basizwe n’umwuka.

Inama ya Buri Mwaka Itazibagirana

Mu nama ya buri mwaka yabereye i Pittsburgh ku itariki ya 2 Ukwakira 1944, abagize umuryango wa Pennsylvania batoye ibyemezo bitandatu byari bikubiyemo ubugororangingo ku mahame remezo yawo. Amahame remezo y’umuryango yateganyaga ingingo ivuga ko abatora ari abatangaga amafaranga yo gushyigikira umurimo wa Sosayiti, ariko ubugororangingo bwa gatatu bwakuyemo iyo ngingo. Raporo yavuye muri iyo nama ya buri mwaka yagiraga iti “abagize Sosayiti bazaba ari abantu batarenga 500 . . . Buri wese uzajya atoranywa agomba kuba ari umukozi w’igihe cyose wa Sosayiti cyangwa umukozi utari uw’igihe cyose w’ikompanyi [itorero] y’Abahamya ba Yehova kandi agomba kugaragaza umwuka w’Umwami.”

Nyuma y’aho, abayobozi ba Sosayiti bagombaga gutorwa n’abantu biyeguriye Yehova mu buryo bwuzuye, uko umubare w’amafaranga babaga batanze kugira ngo bateze imbere umurimo w’Ubwami wabaga ungana kose. Ibyo byaje kugaragara ko byari bihuje n’ibintu byari kuzagenda binonosorwa buhoro buhoro, byahanuwe muri Yesaya 60:17, aho dusoma ngo “mu cyimbo cy’imiringa nzazana izahabu; no mu cyimbo cy’icyuma nzazana ifeza; no mu cyimbo cy’igiti nzazana imiringa, no mu cyimbo cy’amabuye nzazana ibyuma; amahoro ni yo azagutwarira, kandi gukiranuka ni ko kuzagukoreshereza ikoro.” Mu kwerekeza ku ‘batware’ no ku ‘bakoresha ikoro,’ ubwo buhanuzi bwerekezaga ku bintu byari kunonosorwa mu bihereranye n’imikorere y’umuteguro w’ubwoko bwa Yehova.

Iyo ntambwe y’ingenzi yatewe kugira ngo umuteguro uhuze na tewokarasi yaje guterwa ku iherezo ry’ “iminsi ibihumbi bibiri na magana atatu uko bukeye bukira,” yavuzwe muri Daniyeli 8:14. Icyo gihe, ‘ubuturo bwera bwarejejwe.’

Ariko kandi, nyuma y’iyo nama ya buri mwaka itazibagirana yabaye mu mwaka wa 1944, hakomeje kubaho ikibazo cy’ingenzi. Mbese, kuba icyo gihe Inteko Nyobozi yari ifitanye isano rya bugufi n’abagize urwego rw’abayobozi barindwi b’umuryango wa Pennsylvania, ibyo byashakaga kuvuga  ko Inteko Nyobozi itashoboraga kuzigera na rimwe ibamo Abakristo basizwe basaga barindwi? Byongeye kandi, mbese kuba abayobozi baratorwaga n’abagize umuryango, abagize umuryango ni bo batoraga abagize Inteko Nyobozi mu nama ya buri mwaka? Mbese, abayobozi n’abakozi bakuru b’umuryango wa Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania n’abagize Inteko Nyobozi ni bamwe, cyangwa baratandukanye?

Indi Nama ya Buri Mwaka Itazibagirana

Ibyo bibazo byashubijwe mu nama ya buri mwaka yabaye ku itariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1971. Icyo gihe, umwe mu bafashe ijambo yagaragaje ko inteko nyobozi y’ ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ yatanze umuryango wa Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania kubaho mu myaka ibarirwa mu magana (Matayo 24:45-47). Inteko nyobozi yashinzwe kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., mu binyejana bisaga 18 mbere y’uko umuryango wa Pennsylvania uvuka. Mu mizo ya mbere, inteko nyobozi ntiyari igizwe n’abantu barindwi, ahubwo yari igizwe n’intumwa 12. Uko bigaragara, umubare w’abayigize waragutse, kubera ko ‘intumwa n’abakuru babaga i Yerusalemu’ ari bo bayoboraga.​—Ibyakozwe 15:2.

Mu mwaka wa 1971, uwo wafashe ijambo yakomeje asobanura ko abagize umuryango Watch Tower Society batashoboraga gutora abagize Inteko Nyobozi basizwe. Kubera iki? Yagize ati “ni ukubera ko inteko nyobozi y’itsinda ry’ ‘umugaragu’ idashyirwaho n’umuntu uwo ari we wese. Ishyirwaho na . . . Yesu Kristo, we Mutware w’itorero ry’ukuri rya Gikristo, akaba n’Umwami na Shebuja w’itsinda ry’ ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge.’ ” Uko bigaragara rero, abagize Inteko Nyobozi ntibashobora gutorwa n’abagize umuryango uwo ari wo wose wemewe n’amategeko.

Uwafashe ijambo yakomeje avuga amagambo afite ireme cyane ati “inteko nyobozi ntigira abakozi bakuru nk’abo Urwego rw’Ubuyobozi bwa Sosayiti rugira, ni ukuvuga perezida, visi perezida, umunyamabanga n’umubitsi hamwe n’umwungirije. Yo igira gusa uyihagarariye.” Mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi, perezida w’umuryango wa Pennsylvania yabaga ari n’umuntu uri ku isonga mu Nteko Nyobozi. Ibyo si ko byari kongera kugenda. N’ubwo abagize Inteko Nyobozi atari inararibonye kimwe kandi bakaba badahuje ubushobozi, bari kugira inshingano zingana. Yongeyeho ati “uwo ari we wese mu bagize inteko nyobozi ashobora kuyihagararira bitabaye ngombwa ko aba ari na we perezida wa . . . Sosayiti . . . Byose biterwa na gahunda yo kujya ibihe mu guhagararira inteko nyobozi.”

Muri iyo nama ya buri mwaka itazibagirana yabaye mu mwaka wa 1971, hagaragajwe neza itandukaniro riri hagati y’abasizwe n’umwuka bagize Inteko Nyobozi n’abayobozi b’umuryango wa Pennsylvania. Icyakora, abagize Inteko Nyobozi bakomeje kuba abayobozi n’abakozi bakuru ba Sosayiti. Ariko kandi, muri iki gihe hari ikibazo kivuka: mbese, haba hari impamvu iyo ari yo yose ishingiye ku Byanditswe igaragaza ko abayobozi b’umuryango wa Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania bagomba kuba bagize Inteko Nyobozi?

Igisubizo ni oya. Umuryango wa Pennsylvania si wo muryango wemewe n’amategeko wonyine ukoreshwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova. Hari indi miryango. Umwe ni umuryango wa Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Incorporated. Worohereza umurimo wacu muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Uko bigaragara, Yehova yahundagaje imigisha kuri uwo muryango n’ubwo ahanini abayobozi bawo n’abakozi bakuru bawo bari abo mu bagize “izindi ntama.” Umuryango witwa International Bible Students Association ukoreshwa mu Bwongereza. Indi miryango yemewe n’amategeko ikoreshwa mu guteza imbere inyungu z’Ubwami mu bindi bihugu. Iyo miryango yose itahiriza umugozi umwe kandi igira uruhare mu gutuma ubutumwa bwiza bubwirizwa ku isi hose. Aho iyo miryango yaba iri hose cyangwa uko abayobozi bayo cyangwa abakozi bakuru bayo baba bari kose, iyoborwa mu buryo bwa gitewokarasi kandi ikoreshwa n’Inteko Nyobozi. Ku bw’ibyo, iyo miryango ifite inshingano igomba gusohoza mu guteza imbere inyungu z’Ubwami.

Kugira imiryango yemewe n’amategeko bidufitiye akamaro. Muri ubwo buryo duhuza n’amategeko y’uturere n’ay’ibihugu, nk’uko tubisabwa mu Ijambo ry’Imana (Yeremiya 32:11; Abaroma 13:1). Imiryango yemewe n’amategeko iratworohereza mu murimo wacu wo gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami binyuriye ku gucapa za Bibiliya, ibitabo, amagazeti, udutabo n’izindi nyandiko. Nanone kandi, iyo miryango ni ibikoresho  byemewe n’amategeko bikoreshwa mu guhihibikanira ibibazo birebana n’umutungo, ubutabazi, gushaka aho gukorera amakoraniro n’ibindi n’ibindi. Dushimira ibikorwa by’iyo miryango yemewe n’amategeko.

Izina rya Yehova Rishyirwa Imbere

Mu mwaka wa 1944, Ingingo ya II y’amahame remezo y’umuryango wa Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania yaragorowe kugira ngo ishyirwemo intego z’uwo muryango. Dukurikije amahame remezo, intego za Sosayiti zikubiyemo iyi ntego y’ingenzi: “kubwiriza ivanjiri y’ubwami bw’Imana buyobowe na Yesu Kristo mu mahanga yose, kugira ngo bibe ubuhamya bw’izina, ijambo n’ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga by’Imana Ishoborabyose YEHOVA.”

Guhera mu mwaka wa 1926, ‘umugaragu ukiranuka’ yagiye ashyira imbere izina rya Yehova. Umwaka ushishikaje mu buryo bwihariye ni uwa 1931, ubwo Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bafataga izina ry’Abahamya ba Yehova (Yesaya 43:10-12). Ibitabo bya Sosayiti byagiye bitsindagiriza izina ry’Imana bikubiyemo igitabo Jéhovah (cyanditswe mu wa 1934), “Que ton nom soit sanctifié” (cyanditswe mu wa 1961), na “Les nations sauront que je suis Jéhovah”​—Comment? (cyanditswe mu wa 1971).

Ntitwabura kuvuga mu buryo bwihariye Bibiliya yitwa Les Saintes Écritures — Traduction du monde nouveau, yasohotse yose uko yakabaye mu mwaka wa 1960 mu Cyongereza. Ikubiyemo izina rya Yehova aho za nyuguti enye bita Tétragramme ziboneka hose mu Byanditswe bya Giheburayo. Ubwo buhinduzi nanone bukubiyemo izina ry’Imana ahantu 237 mu Byanditswe bya Gikristo bya Kigiriki, aho isesengura ryitondewe ryagaragaje ko ryahahoze. Mbega ukuntu dushimira ku bwo kuba, mu buryo bunyuranye, Yehova yaremereye ‘umugaragu’ hamwe n’Inteko Nyobozi ye gukoresha uburyo bwabo bwo gucapa ibitabo n’imiryango yemewe n’amategeko kugira ngo bamenyekanishe izina ry’Imana ku isi hose!

Bateje Imbere Uburyo bwo Gukwirakwiza Ijambo ry’Imana

Ubwoko bwa Yehova buri gihe bwagiye buhamya izina rye, kandi bwashyigikiye Ijambo rye binyuriye mu kwandika no gukwirakwiza ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya bibarirwa muri za miriyoni, hamwe na Bibiliya ubwayo. Mu ntangiriro y’imyaka ya 1900, Watch Tower Society yegukanye uburenganzira bwose bw’umwanditsi bwa The Emphatic Diaglott, akaba ari ubuhinduzi bwakozwe na Benjamin Wilson bw’Ikigiriki giteganye n’Icyongereza bw’Ibyanditswe bya Gikristo bya Kigiriki. Sosayiti yasohoye icapwa ry’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya ry’ubuhinduzi bwitwa King James Version, bwari bukubiyemo umugereka w’amapaji 500. Mu mwaka wa 1942, yasohoye Bibiliya yitwa King James Version ifite ibisobanuro ku nkika z’amapaji. Hanyuma mu mwaka wa 1944, Sosayiti yatangiye gucapa Bibiliya yitwa American Standard Version yo mu mwaka wa 1901, ikaba ikoresha izina ry’Imana. Nanone kandi, izina rya Yehova ni kimwe mu byari bigize Bibiliya yitwa The Bible in Living English, yahinduwe na Stephen T. Byington, ikaba yarasohowe na Sosayiti mu mwaka wa 1972.

Imiryango yemewe n’amategeko ikoreshwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova yagize uruhare mu gucapa no gukwirakwiza ubwo buhinduzi bwose bwa Bibiliya. Ariko kandi, ikintu cyagiye kigaragara cyane, ni ubufatanye bwa bugufi hagati ya Watch Tower Society n’itsinda ry’Abahamya ba Yehova basizwe bari bagize Komite y’Ubuhinduzi bwa Bibiliya y’Isi Nshya. Twishimira ko muri iki gihe, hacapwe kopi z’ubwo buhinduzi 106.400.000 mu ndimi 38, yaba yuzuye cyangwa igice. Umuryango wa Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, mu by’ukuri ni umuryango wa Bibiliya!

‘Umugaragu ukiranuka’ Shebuja ‘yamweguriye ibintu bye byose.’ Ibyo bintu bikubiyemo amazu ari ku biro bikuru muri Leta ya New York ho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, hamwe n’amashami 110 ubu akorera hirya no hino ku isi. Abagize  itsinda ry’umugaragu bazi ko bazabazwa ukuntu bakoresheje ibyo beguriwe (Matayo 25:14-30). Ariko kandi, ibyo ntibibuza ‘umugaragu’ kureka ngo abagenzuzi bashoboye bo mu bagize “izindi ntama” bite ku nshingano zihereranye n’iby’amategeko n’ubuyobozi. Mu by’ukuri, ibyo bituma abagize Inteko Nyobozi bakoresha igihe kinini kurushaho mu “gusenga no kugabura ijambo ry’Imana.”​—Ibyakozwe 6:4.

Igihe cyose imimerere yo muri iyi si izaba ikibiyemerera, Inteko Nyobozi ihagarariye ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ izakoresha imiryango yemewe n’amategeko. Iyo miryango ni myiza ariko si yo kamara. Iyo umuryango wemewe n’amategeko usheshwe n’iteka rya leta, ni ha handi umurimo wo kubwiriza urakomeza. Ndetse no muri iki gihe, mu bihugu umurimo ukibuzanyijwemo kandi akaba ari nta miryango yemewe n’amategeko ikoreshwa, ubutumwa bw’Ubwami burimo buratangazwa, abantu barimo barahindurwa abigishwa kandi hakomeje kubaho ukwiyongera kwa gitewokarasi. Ibyo birimo biraba bitewe n’uko Abahamya ba Yehova batera imbuto kandi bakazuhira, maze ‘Imana ikazikuza.’​—1 Abakorinto 3:6, 7.

Mu gihe dutegereje igihe kizaza, twiringiye ko Yehova azita ku byo ubwoko bwe bukeneye mu buryo bw’umwuka no mu buryo bw’umubiri. We n’Umwana we Yesu Kristo, bazakomeza gutangira mu ijuru ubuyobozi n’inkunga bikenewe kugira ngo umurimo wo kubwiriza iby’Ubwami urangire. Birumvikana ariko ko ibyo tugeraho byose twebwe abagaragu b’Imana bidakorwa “ku bw’amaboko, kandi si ku bw’imbaraga, ahubwo ni ku bw’umwuka” wa Yehova (Zekariya 4:6). Ku bw’ibyo, dusenga dusaba ubufasha bw’Imana, tuzi ko binyuriye ku mbaraga zitangwa na Yehova tuzashobora kurangiza umurimo yadushinze muri iki gihe cy’imperuka!