Mbese, ubuzima bukomeza kubaho nyuma yo gupfa?

MU MYAKA igera ku 3.500 ishize, umukurambere Yobu yarabajije ati “umuntu napfa, azongera abeho?” (Yobu 14:14). Icyo kibazo kimaze imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi cyarabereye abantu urujijo. Mu gihe cy’ibinyejana byinshi, abantu bo muri buri muryango wa kimuntu wose bagiye batekereza kuri icyo kibazo, kandi bahimbye inyigisho zinyuranye.

Abakristo benshi ku izina gusa bizera ko hari abajya mu ijuru n’abajya ikuzimu. Ku rundi ruhande, Abahindu bo bizera ko ubugingo buva mu mubiri bukimukira mu wundi. Mu gihe Emir Muawiyah, akaba ari umukozi mu kigo cy’idini rya Isilamu, yagiraga icyo avuga ku birebana n’uko idini rya Isilamu ribona icyo kibazo, yagize ati “twizera ko hazabaho umunsi w’urubanza nyuma yo gupfa, igihe uzajya imbere y’Imana, Allah, bikazaba bimeze nko kujya imbere y’abacamanza.” Dukurikije imyizerere y’idini rya Isilamu, icyo gihe Allah azasuzuma imibereho buri muntu yagize, maze amugenere kujya muri paradizo cyangwa mu muriro w’ikuzimu.

Muri Sri Lanka, baba Ababuda cyangwa Abagatolika, bose barangaza inzugi n’amadirishya iyo hari umuntu wapfuye mu rugo rwabo. Bacana itara rya peteroli, kandi isanduku bakayirambika berekeje ibirenge by’umurambo mu muryango wo ku irembo. Batekereza ko ibyo byorohereza umwuka w’umuntu wapfuye gusohoka mu nzu.

Dukurikije uko Ronald M. Berndt wo muri Kaminuza y’u Burengerazuba bwa Ositaraliya yabivuze, Abasangwabutaka bo muri Ositaraliya bizera ko “abantu bafite igice cy’umwuka kidashobora gupfa.” Amoko amwe n’amwe yo muri Afurika yizera ko nyuma yo gupfa abantu bo muri rubanda rusanzwe bahinduka abazimu, mu gihe abantu bakomeye bo bahinduka imyuka y’abakurambere bazajya bahabwa icyubahiro kandi bakagira ibyo basabwa kuko baba ari abayobozi bataboneka b’abaturage.

Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, imyizerere yerekeranye n’imimerere y’abapfuye usanga ikomatanyije imigenzo gakondo n’Ubukristo bwo ku izina gusa. Urugero, mu Bagatolika benshi n’Abaporotesitanti bo muri Afurika y’i Burengerazuba, hari umugenzo wo gutwikira indorerwamo mu gihe haba hari umuntu wapfuye kugira ngo hataza kugira umuntu urebera mu ndorerwamo maze akabona umwuka w’uwo muntu wapfuye.

Koko rero, ibisubizo abantu batanga ku kibazo kigira kiti ‘bitugendekera bite iyo dupfuye?’ biranyuranye cyane. Ariko kandi, igitekerezo kimwe cy’ibanze ibyo bisubizo bihurizaho, ni uko hari ikintu kiba mu muntu kidapfa kandi gikomeza kubaho iyo apfuye. Hari abantu bamwe batekereza ko icyo ‘kintu’ ari umwuka. Urugero, mu duce tumwe na tumwe twa Afurika na Aziya, no mu turere twose tw’inyanja ya Pasifika twa Polynésie, Mélanésie na Micronésie, abantu benshi bizera ko umwuka​—atari ubugingo​—udapfa. Mu by’ukuri, indimi zimwe na zimwe nta n’ubwo zigira ijambo “ubugingo.”

Mbese, mu muntu muzima harimo umwuka nk’uwo? Mbese koko, uwo mwuka uva mu mubiri iyo umuntu apfuye? Niba ari uko biri se, biwugendekera bite? Kandi se, hari ibihe byiringiro ku bantu bapfuye? Ibyo bibazo ntitugomba kubyirengagiza. Uko umuco wawe cyangwa imimerere y’iby’idini warerewemo byaba biri kose, urupfu ni ikintu cy’ukuri ugomba guhangana na cyo. Bityo, ibyo bibazo birakureba mu buryo bwimbitse. Turagutera inkunga yo gusuzuma icyo kibazo.