Muhagarare mushikamye mumenye neza mudashidikanya

Ubuhinduzi bwitwa New World Translation bwishimiwe n’abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi hose

BYAFASHE imyaka 12, amezi 3 n’iminsi 11 y’umurimo ukoranywe umwete. Icyakora, ku itariki ya 13 Werurwe 1960, igice cya nyuma cy’umwandiko w’ubuhinduzi bushya bwa Bibiliya cyararangiye. Ubwo buhinduzi bwiswe New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya).

Hashize umwaka umwe nyuma y’aho, Abahamya ba Yehova basohoye ubwo buhinduzi mu mubumbe umwe gusa. Hacapwe kopi miriyoni imwe y’ubwo buhinduzi bwasohotse mu mwaka wa 1961. Muri iki gihe, umubare wa kopi zacapwe warenze miriyoni ijana, bikaba byaratumye ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation buba bumwe mu buhinduzi bwa Bibiliya bwakwirakwijwe cyane kurusha ubundi. Ariko se, ni iki cyasunikiye Abahamya gutegura ubwo buhinduzi?

Kuki Hakozwe Ubuhinduzi Bushya bwa Bibiliya?

Kugira ngo Abahamya ba Yehova basobanukirwe ubutumwa bwo mu Byanditswe Byera kandi babutangaze, bamaze imyaka myinshi bakoresha ubuhinduzi bunyuranye bwa Bibiliya bw’Icyongereza. N’ubwo ubwo buhinduzi bufite ibintu by’ingirakamaro biburanga, akenshi usanga burimo imigenzo ya kidini hamwe n’amahame ya Kristendomu (Matayo 15:6). Ku bw’ibyo, Abahamya ba Yehova babonye ko ari ngombwa kugira ubuhinduzi bwa Bibiliya bugaragaza mu buryo nyakuri ibiri mu nyandiko zahumetswe z’umwimerere.

Intambwe ya mbere yo kubigeraho yatewe mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1946, igihe Nathan H. Knorr, wari umwe mu bagize Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova, yatangaga igitekerezo cyo gukora ubuhinduzi bushya bwa Bibiliya. Ku itariki ya 2 Ukuboza 1947, Komite yari ishinzwe gukora ubwo buhinduzi yitwaga New World Bible Translation Committee, yatangiye gutegura ubuhinduzi bwari kuzakurikiza neza umwandiko w’umwimerere, bwari kuzaba bukubiyemo ibyo intiti mu bya Bibiliya zari zimaze kugeraho mu bushakashatsi zakoze ku nyandiko za Bibiliya zandikishijwe intoki zari ziherutse kuvumburwa, kandi bugakoresha ururimi abasomyi bo muri iki gihe bumva bitabagoye.

Mu gihe igice cya mbere cyasohokaga​—New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures (Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya bw’Ibyanditswe bya Gikristo bya Kigiriki)​—mu mwaka wa 1950, byarigaragaje neza ko abahinduzi bari barageze ku ntego bari bariyemeje. Imirongo ya Bibiliya mbere y’aho itarasobanukaga mu buryo bwuzuye, noneho yarumvikanye mu buryo busobanutse neza. Reka dufate urugero rw’umurongo wabuzaga abantu amahwemo wo muri Matayo 5:3; hagira hati “hahirwa abakene mu mwuka” (King James Version). Wahinduwe ngo “abagira ibyishimo ni abazi ko bakeneye ibintu byo mu buryo bw’umwuka.” Inama yatanzwe n’intumwa Pawulo yari yarahinduwe ngo “ntimukagire icyo mwitondera” (King James Version), yahinduwe ngo “ntihakagire ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kibahangayikisha” (Abafilipi 4:6). Naho ahahindurwa ngo “ikimenyetso cyo kuza” muri Bibliya Yera, hahinduwe ngo “ikimenyetso cyo kuhaba” (Matayo 24:3). Uko bigaragara, New World Translation yatumye habaho uburyo bushya bwo gusobanukirwa Bibiliya.

Ibyo bintu byashimishije intiti nyinshi. Urugero,  intiti mu bya Bibiliya y’Umwongereza yitwa Alexander Thomson yavuze ko ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation buhambaye mu birebana n’ukuntu bwagiye buhindura neza cyane inshinga z’Ikigiriki ziri mu ndagihe y’ubu. Dufate urugero: mu Befeso 5:25 dusoma ngo “bagabo, mukomeze gukunda abagore banyu,” aho gupfa kwivugira gusa ngo “bagabo, mukunde abagore banyu” (King James Version). Thomson yerekeje kuri New World Translation agira ati “nta bundi buhinduzi buboneka ko bwagaragaje icyo kintu cy’ingenzi mu buryo bwuzuye kandi kenshi bene ako kageni.”

Ikindi kintu cy’ingenzi kiranga New World Translation, ni ukuntu ikoresha izina bwite ry’Imana, ari ryo Yehova, haba mu Byanditswe bya Giheburayo no mu Byanditswe bya Kigiriki. Kubera ko izina ry’Imana ry’Iriheburayo riboneka incuro zigera hafi ku 7.000 mu cyitwa Isezerano rya Kera honyine, bigaragara neza ko Umuremyi wacu yifuza ko abamusenga bakoresha izina rye kandi bakamenya ko abaho koko (Kuva 34:6, 7). New World Translation yafashije abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni kubigeraho.

Ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation Bushyirwa mu Ndimi Nyinshi

Uhereye igihe bwabonekeye mu Cyongereza, Abahamya ba Yehova bo hirya no hino ku isi bifuje cyane kubona ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation mu ndimi zabo kavukire​—kandi ibyo byari bifite ishingiro. Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, byari bigoye kubona ubuhinduzi bwa Bibiliya mu ndimi zaho bitewe n’uko abahagarariye Imiryango ya Bibiliya izitanga batari bashimishijwe no kubona Bibiliya zabo zitwarwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova. Byongeye kandi, bene izo Bibiliya zipfukirana inyigisho z’ingenzi. Urugero rubigaragaza ni urw’ubuhinduzi bwa Bibiliya mu rurimi rumwe rukoreshwa mu majyepfo y’u Burayi, buhisha ahantu h’ingenzi herekeza ku izina ry’Imana bufata amagambo ya Yesu agira ati “izina ryawe ryezwe” (NW ), bukayasimbuza amagambo agira ati “wubahwe n’abantu.”​—Matayo 6:9.

Mu mwaka wa 1961, abahinduzi batangiye guhindura umwandiko w’Icyongereza w’ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation mu zindi ndimi. Hashize imyaka ibiri gusa nyuma y’aho, ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures bwari bumaze kurangira mu zindi ndimi esheshatu. Icyo gihe, bitatu bya kane by’Abahamya ku isi hose bashoboraga gusoma Bibiliya mu rurimi rwabo. Ariko kandi, hari umurimo ukomeye kurushaho wagombaga gukorwa kugira ngo Abahamya ba Yehova bageze kopi y’iyo Bibiliya ku bantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni nyinshi.

Mu mwaka wa 1989, byagaragaye ko iyo ntego yari igiye kugerwaho, ubwo hashyirwagaho Ibiro Bishinzwe Ubuhinduzi ku biro bikuru byo mu rwego rw’isi yose by’Abahamya ba Yehova. Urwo rwego rwashyizeho uburyo bwo guhindura bwakomatanyirizaga hamwe isesengura ry’amagambo ya Bibiliya n’ikoranabuhanga rya orudinateri. Gukoresha ubwo buryo byatumye bashobora guhindura Ibyanditswe bya Gikristo bya Kigiriki mu zindi ndimi zimwe na zimwe mu gihe cy’umwaka, n’Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo mu myaka ibiri​—icyo kikaba ari igihe gito cyane ugereranyije n’igihe ubusanzwe umushinga wo guhindura Bibiliya utwara. Uhereye igihe ubwo buryo bwashyiriweho, amacapa 29 ya New World Translation yahinduwe avanywe mu Cyongereza maze asohoka mu ndimi zivugwa n’abantu basaga miriyari ebyiri. Ubu irimo irahindurwa mu zindi ndimi 12. Kugeza ubu, ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation mu Cyongereza, bwaba bwuzuye cyangwa igice cyabwo, bwahinduwe mu zindi ndimi 41.

Ubu hashize imyaka isaga 50 uhereye igihe igice cya mbere cy’ubuhinduzi bwa New World Translation cyasohokeye ku itariki ya 3 Kanama 1950 mu ikoraniro ry’Abahamya ba Yehova ryari rifite umutwe uvuga ngo ‘Ukwiyongera kwa Gitewokarasi, ‘ ryabereye i New York City. Icyo gihe, Nathan H. Knorr yateye inkunga abari muri iryo koraniro agira ati “mufate ubu buhinduzi. Mubusome bwose, icyo ni ikintu  muzakora munezerewe. Mubwige, kuko buzabafasha kurushaho gusobanukirwa neza Ijambo ry’Imana. Mubugeze no ku bandi.” Turagutera inkunga yo gusoma Bibiliya buri munsi, kubera ko ubutumwa buyikubiyemo bushobora kugufasha ‘guhagarara ushikamye kandi uzi neza udashidikanya ibyo Imana ishaka byose.’​—Abakolosayi 4:12.

[Imbonerahamwe/Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 8 n’iya 9]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu Munara w’Umurinzi)

“Uko Ubuhinduzi Bwitwa New World Translation Bwagiye Busohoka”

Ubuhinduzi bwitwa New World Translation bwabanje gusohoka mu Cyongereza, none ubu buboneka bwuzuye cyangwa ari igice mu ndimi 41

Ibyanditswe bya Gikristo bya Kigiriki Bibiliya yuzuye

1950 1

1960-1969 6 5

1970-1979 4 2

1980-1989 2 2

1990-Kugeza ubu 29 19