Abakristo basenga mu mwuka no mu kuri
Abakristo basenga mu mwuka no mu kuri
“Imana ni [u]mwuka; n’abayisenga bakwiriye kuyisengera mu [m]wuka no mu kuri.”—YOHANA 4:24.
1. Ni ukuhe gusenga gushimisha Imana?
YESU KRISTO, umwana w’ikinege wa Yehova, yagaragaje neza ugusenga gushimisha Se wo mu ijuru. Igihe Yesu yahaga Umusamariyakazi ubuhamya bususurutsa umutima ku iriba ryari hafi y’umudugudu wa Sukara, yaravuze ati “dore, mwebweho musenga icyo mutazi, ariko twebwe dusenga ibyo tuzi, kuko agakiza kava mu Bayuda. Ariko igihe kiraje ndetse kirasohoye, ubwo abasenga by’ukuri basengera Data mu [m]wuka no mu kuri: kuko Data ashaka ko bene abo ari bo bamusenga. Imana ni [u]mwuka; n’abayisenga bakwiriye kuyisengera mu [m]wuka no mu kuri” (Yohana 4:22-24). Ayo magambo ashatse kuvuga iki?
2. Ni iki ugusenga kw’Abasamariya kwari gushingiyeho?
2 Abasamariya bari bafite ibitekerezo bya kidini bikocamye. Bemeraga ko ibitabo bitanu bya mbere by’Ibyanditswe Byera byitwaga Pantateki ya Gisamariya babaga barahinduye uko bishakiye, ari byo byonyine byahumetswe. Mu gihe Abasamariya bo batari bazi Imana by’ukuri, Abayahudi bo bari bazi Ibyanditswe (Abaroma 3:1, 2). Abayahudi n’abandi bantu bari abizerwa bashoboraga kwemerwa na Yehova. Ariko se, ni iki ibyo byari kubasaba?
3. Ni iki gisabwa kugira ngo dusenge Imana “mu [m]wuka no mu kuri”?
3 Ni iki Abayahudi, Abasamariya n’abandi bantu bo mu gihe cya kera bagombaga gukora kugira ngo bashimishe Yehova? Bagombaga kumusenga “mu [m]wuka no mu kuri.” Natwe ni uko tugomba kubigenza. Nubwo tugomba gukorera Imana tubigiranye umwete kandi dusunitswe n’uko tuyikunda kandi tukaba tuyizera, kuyisenga mu mwuka bisaba cyane cyane ko tuba dufite umwuka wayo wera kandi twemera kuyoborwa na wo. Imitekerereze yacu igomba guhuza n’iy’Imana binyuriye mu kwiga Ijambo ryayo no mu kurishyira mu bikorwa (1 Abakorinto 2:8-12). Niba dushaka ko Yehova yemera ugusenga kwacu, tugomba kumusenga mu kuri. Ugusenga kwacu kugomba kuba guhuje n’ibyo Ijambo ry’Imana, Bibiliya, rihishura ku bihereranye na yo ndetse n’imigambi yayo.
Ukuri Gushobora Kuboneka
4. Ni gute abantu bamwe na bamwe babona ibihereranye n’ukuri?
4 Abantu bamwe na bamwe biga filozofiya bishyizemo ko abantu badashobora kumenya ukuri nyako. N’ikimenyimenyi, umwanditsi wo muri Suwede witwa Alf Ahlberg yaranditse ati “ibibazo byinshi abahanga mu bya filozofiya bibaza, biba ari ibibazo udashobora kubonera igisubizo nyakuri.” Ariko se, nubwo abantu bamwe na bamwe bavuga ko hariho ukuri kutuzuye, ni ko biri koko? Uko si ko Yesu Kristo yabibonaga.
5. Kuki Yesu yaje mu isi?
5 Reka tuvuge ko turimo tureba ibintu bikurikira: ni mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 33 I.C., kandi Yesu ahagaze imbere y’Umutegetsi w’Umuroma witwa Ponsiyo Pilato. Yesu abwiye Pilato ati ‘iki ni cyo cyanzanye mu isi, ni ukugira ngo mpamye ukuri.’ Pilato aramubajije ati “ukuri ni iki?” Ariko ntategereje ko Yesu agira icyo yongeraho.—Yohana 18:36-38.
6. (a) “Ukuri” kwasobanuwe gute? (b) Ni uwuhe murimo Yesu yahaye abigishwa be?
6 “Ukuri” kwagiye gusobanurwa ko ari “urutonde rw’ibintu nyakuri, ibyabayeho n’ibifitiwe ibihamya” (Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary). Ariko se, Yesu yaba yarahamije ukuri mu buryo bwa rusange? Oya rwose. Yerekezaga ku kuri runaka kwihariye. Yasabye abigishwa be kwamamaza uko kuri, kuko yababwiye ati “muhindure abantu bo mu mahanga yose abigishwa, mubabatiza mu izina rya Data wa twese n’Umwana n’[u]mwuka [w]era: mubigisha kwitondera ibyo nababwiye byose” (Matayo 28:19, 20). Mbere y’uko “imperuka y’isi” iza, abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu bari kwamamaza “ukuri k’ubutumwa bwiza” mu isi yose (Matayo 24:3; Abagalatiya 2:14). Ibyo byari kuba bisohoza amagambo ya Yesu agira ati “ubu butumwa bwiza bw’ubwami buzigishwa mu isi yose, ngo bube ubuhamya bwo guhamiriza amahanga yose: ni bwo imperuka izaherako ize” (Matayo 24:14). Ku bw’ibyo rero, ni iby’ingenzi ko tumenya abantu bigisha amahanga yose ukuri binyuriye mu kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami.
Uko Dushobora Kumenya Ukuri
7. Ni gute wagaragaza ko Yehova ari Isoko y’ukuri?
7 Yehova ni we Soko y’ukuri kumwerekeyeho. N’ikimenyimenyi, Dawidi umwanditsi wa Zaburi, yise Yehova “Imana y’umurava.” (Zaburi 31:6, umurongo wa 5 muri Biblia Yera; 43:3.) Yesu yari azi ko ijambo rya Se ari ukuri, kandi yaranavuze ati “byanditswe mu byahanuwe ngo ‘bose bazigishwa n’Imana.’ Umuntu wese wumvise ibya Data, akabyiga, aza aho ndi” (Yohana 6:45; 17:17; Yesaya 54:13). Birumvikana rero ko abantu bashaka kumenya ukuri, bagomba kwigishwa na Yehova, Umwigisha Mukuru (Yesaya 30:20, 21). Abashaka ukuri bagomba “kumenya Imana” (Imigani 2:5). Kandi Yehova yagiye yigisha ukuri mu buryo butandukanye abigiranye urukundo.
8. Ni mu buhe buryo Imana yigishije cyangwa yamenyekanishije ukuri?
8 Urugero, Imana yahaye Abisirayeli amategeko binyuriye ku bamarayika (Abagalatiya 3:19). Binyuriye mu nzozi, yasezeranyije kuzaha imigisha abakurambere bacu, Aburahamu na Yakobo (Itangiriro 15:12-16; 28:10-19). Imana yanavugiye mu ijuru igihe Yesu yabatizwaga, maze ku isi humvikana amagambo ashishikaje agira ati “nguyu Umwana wanjye nkunda nkamwishimira” (Matayo 3:17). Nanone, dushobora gushimira ku bwo kuba Imana yaramenyekanishije ukuri ihumekera abanditsi ba Bibiliya (2 Timoteyo 3:16, 17). Ku bw’ibyo rero, binyuriye mu kwiga Ijambo ry’Imana, dushobora “kwizera ukuri.”—2 Abatesalonike 2:13.
Ukuri n’Umwana w’Imana
9. Ni mu buhe buryo Imana yakoresheje Umwana wayo kugira ngo ihishure ukuri?
9 Mu buryo bwihariye, Imana yakoresheje Umwana wayo kugira ngo ihishurire abantu ukuri (Abaheburayo 1:1-3). Mu by’ukuri, Yesu yavuze ukuri kurusha undi muntu uwo ari we wese (Yohana 7:46). Na nyuma y’aho azamukiye akajya mu ijuru, yagaragaje ukuri kuva kuri Se. Urugero, intumwa Yohana yabonye “ibyahishuwe na Yesu Kristo, ibyo Imana yamuhereye kugira ngo yereke imbata ze ibikwiriye kuzabaho vuba.”—Ibyahishuwe 1:1-3.
10, 11. (a) Ukuri Yesu yahamije gufitanye isano n’iki? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo Yesu yatumye ukuri kuba impamo?
10 Yesu yabwiye Ponsiyo Pilato ko yaje mu isi kugira ngo ahamye ukuri. Mu gihe cy’umurimo wa Yesu, yagaragaje ko uko kuri kwari gufitanye isano no kugaragaza ko Yehova ari we ufite uburenganzira bwo kuba umutegetsi w’ikirenga binyuriye ku Bwami, Umwami wabwo akaba yari Kristo. Ariko kandi, guhamya ukuri byasabaga ko Yesu akora ibirenze ibyo kubwiriza no kwigisha. Yesu yatumye uko kuri kuba impamo binyuriye mu kugusohoza. Kubera iyo mpamvu, intumwa Pawulo yaranditse ati “ntihakagire ubacira urubanza ku bw’ibyo murya cyangwa ibyo munywa, cyangwa ku bw’iminsi mikuru, cyangwa ku bwo kuziririza imboneko z’ukwezi, cyangwa amasabato: kuko ibyo ari igicucu cy’ibizaba, naho umubiri wabyo ufitwe na Kristo.”—Abakolosayi 2:16, 17.
11 Uburyo bumwe ukuri kwabaye impamo, ni ukuba Yesu yaravukiye i Betelehemu nk’uko byari byarahanuwe. (Mika 5:1, umurongo wa 2 muri Biblia Yera; Luka 2:4-11.) Ukuri nanone kwabaye impamo igihe amagambo y’ubuhanuzi ya Daniyeli yasohozwaga, amagambo yavugaga ibihereranye n’ukuza kwa Mesiya nyuma y’ibyumweru 69 by’imyaka. Ibyo byabaye igihe Yesu yiyerekaga Imana igihe yabatizwaga, maze nk’uko byari byarahanuwe agasigwa binyuriye ku mwuka wera mu mwaka wa 29 I.C. (Daniyeli 9:25; Luka 3:1, 21, 22). Ukuri kongeye kuba impamo binyuriye ku murimo yakoze abwiriza ibyerekeye Ubwami (Yesaya 9:1, 2, 6, 7; 61:1, 2; Matayo 4:13-17; Luka 4:18-21). Kwanabaye impamo binyuriye ku rupfu rwe n’umuzuko.—Zaburi 16:8-11; Yesaya 53:5, 8, 11, 12; Matayo 20:28; Yohana 1:29; Ibyakozwe 2:25-31.
12. Kuki Yesu yashoboraga kuvuga ati ‘ni jye kuri’?
12 Kubera ko ukuri kwari gushingiye kuri Yesu Kristo, yashoboraga kuvuga ati “ni jye nzira, n’ukuri, n’ubugingo: nta wujya kwa Data, ntamujyanye” (Yohana 14:6). Iyo abantu bashyigikiye “ukuri” maze bakemera uruhare Yesu afite mu mugambi w’Imana, bavanwa mu bubata bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka (Yohana 8:32-36; 18:37). Kubera ko abantu bagereranywa n’intama bemera ukuri kandi bagakurikira Kristo binyuriye mu kumwizera, bazabona ubugingo buhoraho.—Yohana 10:24-28.
13. Ni mu bihe bice bitatu turi busuzumemo ukuri ko mu Byanditswe?
13 Ibintu by’ukuri byavuzwe na Yesu n’intumwa ze zahumekewe, ni byo bigize ukwizera nyakuri kwa Gikristo. Bityo, abantu “bumvira uko kwizera” ‘bagendera mu kuri’ (Ibyakozwe 6:7; 3 Yohana 3, 4). Ku bw’ibyo se, ni bande muri iki gihe bagendera mu kuri? Ni bande mu by’ukuri bigisha amahanga yose ukuri? Mu gusubiza ibyo bibazo, turi bwibande cyane cyane ku Bakristo ba mbere kandi tunasuzume ukuri ko mu Byanditswe guhereranye (1) n’imyizerere, (2) uburyo bwo gusenga, n’(3) imyitwarire ya buri muntu ku giti cye.
Ukuri n’Imyizerere
14, 15. Nk’uko byari bimeze ku Bakristo ba mbere, ni iki wavuga ku bihereranye n’uko Abahamya ba Yehova babona Ibyanditswe?
14 Abakristo ba mbere bubahaga cyane Ijambo rya Yehova ryanditse (Yohana 17:17). Ni ryo imyizerere n’ibikorwa byabo byari bishingiyeho. Uwitwa Clément d’Alexandrie wabayeho hagati y’ikinyejana cya kabiri n’icya gatatu, yagize ati ‘abahatanira kugira imico ihebuje ntibazareka gukomeza gushaka ukuri, kugeza igihe bazabonera igihamya kigaragaza ko ibyo bizera bishingiye ku Byanditswe.’
15 Kimwe n’Abakristo ba mbere, Abahamya ba Yehova bubaha Bibiliya cyane. Bemera ko “Ibyanditswe byera byose byahumetswe n’Imana, kandi bigira umumaro wo kwigisha umuntu” (2 Timoteyo 3:16). Bityo, nimucyo dusuzume bike mu bintu Abakristo ba mbere bizeraga, dukurikije ibyo abagaragu ba Yehova bo muri iki gihe bamenye, bitewe n’uko Bibiliya ari cyo gitabo cyabo cy’ibanze bifashisha.
Ukuri ku Bihereranye n’Ubugingo
16. Ni iki Bibiliya ivuga ku bihereranye n’ubugingo?
16 Kubera ko Abakristo ba mbere bemeraga ibivugwa mu Byanditswe, bigishije ukuri ku bihereranye n’ubugingo. Bari bazi ko ‘umuntu yahindutse ubugingo buzima’ igihe Imana yamuremaga (Itangiriro 2:7). Nanone bari bazi ko ubugingo bupfa (Ezekiyeli 18:4; Yakobo 5:20). Bari bazi kandi ko ‘abapfuye nta cyo bazi.’—Umubwiriza 9:5, 10.
17. Hari ibihe byiringiro ku bantu bapfuye?
17 Ariko kandi, abigishwa ba mbere ba Yesu bari bafite ibyiringiro bidashidikanywaho by’uko abantu bapfuye bibukwa n’Imana, bari kuzazuka. Ibyo byiringiro byagaragajwe neza na Pawulo, we wagize ati “niringiye Imana . . . yuko hazabaho kuzuka kw’abakiranutsi n’abakiranirwa” (Ibyakozwe 24:15). Ndetse na nyuma y’aho, uwitwa Minucius Felix, wiyitaga Umukristo, yaranditse ati ‘ni nde waba udatekereza cyangwa atagira ubwenge, ku buryo yakwihandagaza avuga ko umuntu, ubusanzwe waremwe n’Imana, atashobora kongera kuremwa na yo?’ Kimwe n’Abakristo ba mbere, Abahamya ba Yehova bizirika ku kuri ko mu Byanditswe kuvuga ibihereranye n’ubugingo, urupfu n’umuzuko. Reka noneho dusuzume ibihereranye n’Imana na Kristo.
Ukuri n’Ubutatu
18, 19. Kuki dushobora kuvuga ko inyigisho y’Ubutatu idashingiye ku Byanditswe?
18 Abakristo ba mbere ntibabonaga ko Imana, Kristo n’umwuka wera ari Ubutatu. Igitabo kimwe kigira kiti “ari ijambo Ubutatu, ari n’iyo nyigisho ubwayo, ntibiboneka mu Isezerano Rishya, kandi nta nubwo Yesu n’abigishwa be bigeze bavuguruza Shema [ni ukuvuga isengesho ry’Igiheburayo] riri mu Isezerano rya Kera, rivuga riti ‘umva, wa bwoko bw’Abisirayeli we; Uwiteka Imana yacu ni we Uwiteka wenyine’ (Guteg 6:4)” (Encyclopædia Britannica). Abakristo ntibasengaga imana y’ubutatu y’Abaroma cyangwa izindi mana izo ari zo zose. Bemeraga amagambo ya Yesu avuga ko Yehova ari we wenyine ugomba gusengwa (Matayo 4:10). Ikindi kandi, bemeraga amagambo Kristo yavuze agira ati ‘Data aranduta’ (Yohana 14:28). Muri iki gihe, Abahamya ba Yehova na bo ni ko babibona.
19 Abigishwa ba mbere ba Yesu bashyiraga itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’Imana, Kristo, n’umwuka wera. Ibyo bigaragazwa n’uko babatizaga abigishwa babo (1) mu izina rya Data, (2) mu izina ry’Umwana, no (3) mu izina ry’umwuka wera, aho kuba mu izina ry’Ubutatu. Abahamya ba Yehova na bo bigisha ukuri ko mu Byanditswe kandi bagashyira itandukaniro hagati y’Imana, Umwana wayo, n’umwuka wera.—Matayo 28:19.
Ukuri n’Umubatizo
20. Ni iki abitegura kubatizwa bagomba kumenya?
20 Yesu yahaye abigishwa be inshingano yo guhindura abantu abigishwa babigisha ukuri. Kugira ngo abantu buzuze ibisabwa ngo babatizwe, bagomba kugira ubumenyi bw’ibanze bw’Ibyanditswe. Urugero, bagomba kumenya umwanya n’ububasha bya Data n’Umwana we, Yesu Kristo (Yohana 3:16). Nanone abantu bashaka kubatizwa bagomba kuba basobanukiwe ko umwuka wera atari umuntu, ko ahubwo ari imbaraga rukozi y’Imana.—Itangiriro 1:2.
21, 22. Kuki wavuga ko umubatizo ugenewe abantu bizera?
21 Abakristo ba mbere babatizaga gusa abantu bafite ubumenyi kandi bihannye, babaga baritangiye gukora ibyo Imana ishaka batizigamye. Abayahudi n’abantu bari barahindukiriye idini ry’Abayahudi bari bateraniye i Yerusalemu kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., bari bazi Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo. Abantu bagera ku 3.000 bamaze kumva ibyo Petero yavugaga kuri Yesu, ari we Mesiya, ‘bemeye amagambo ye’ maze “barabatizwa.”—Ibyakozwe 2:41; 3:19–4:4; 10:34-38.
22 Umubatizo wa Gikristo ugenewe abantu bizera. Abantu b’i Samariya bemeye ukuri, maze ‘bamaze kwizera ubutumwa bwiza Filipo yababwiraga bw’ubwami bw’Imana n’ubw’izina rya Yesu Kristo, barabatizwa, abagabo n’abagore’ (Ibyakozwe 8:12). Nubwo Umunyetiyopiya w’inkone yari yarahindukiriye idini rya Kiyahudi bityo akaba yari azi ibyerekeye Yehova, yabanje kwemera amagambo ya Filipo ahereranye n’isohozwa ry’ubuhanuzi bwavugaga ibya Mesiya, hanyuma abona kubatizwa (Ibyakozwe 8:34-36). Nyuma y’aho, Petero yabwiye Koruneliyo n’abandi Banyamahanga ko ‘mu mahanga yose uwubaha [Imana] agakora ibyo gukiranuka imwemera,’ kandi ko umuntu wese wizera Yesu Kristo ababarirwa ibyaha (Ibyakozwe 10:35, 43; 11:18). Ibyo byose bihuje n’itegeko Yesu yatanze ryo ‘guhindura abantu abigishwa, babigisha kwitondera ibyo yababwiye byose’ (Matayo 28:19, 20; Ibyakozwe 1:8). Ibyo ni byo Abahamya ba Yehova bagenderaho; bemerera kubatizwa umuntu ufite ubumenyi bw’ibanze ku Byanditswe kandi wamaze kwiyegurira Imana.
23, 24. Ni gute umubatizo wa Gikristo wemewe ukorwa?
23 Kwibizwa mu mazi umuntu wese uko yakabaye, ni bwo buryo bwo kubatiza bukwiriye abizera. Yesu amaze kubatizwa mu ruzi rwa Yorodani, ‘yavuye mu mazi’ (Mariko 1:10). Ya nkone y’Umunyetiyopiya yabatirijwe mu “mazi.” Yo na Filipo ‘baramanutse bajya mu mazi,’ hanyuma baza no ‘kuyavamo’ (Ibyakozwe 8:36-40). Nanone kandi, kuba Ibyanditswe bishyira isano hagati y’umubatizo no guhambwa mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, bigaragaza ko umuntu aba agomba kwibizwa wese uko yakabaye.—Abaroma 6:4-6; Abakolosayi 2:12.
24 Hari igitabo kigira kiti “ibisobanuro bitangwa ku mibatizo ivugwa mu Isezerano Rishya, bigaragaza ko umuntu wabatizwaga yibizwaga mu mazi” (The Oxford Companion to the Bible). Dukurikije ikindi gitabo, “Abakristo ba mbere babatizwaga bibijwe mu mazi, aho yashoboraga kuba ari hose” (Larousse du XXe Siècle, cyandikiwe i Paris mu mwaka wa 1928). Hanyuma, igitabo kindi na cyo kikagira kiti ‘umubatizo ubusanzwe wasabaga ko ugiye kubatizwa yatura ukwizera kwe, hanyuma akibizwa mu mazi mu izina rya Yesu.’—After Jesus—The Triumph of Christianity.
25. Ni iki tuzasuzuma mu gice gikurikira?
25 Izo zari ingero gusa zihereranye n’imyizerere n’ibikorwa byakorwaga n’Abakristo ba mbere bishingiye kuri Bibiliya. Twashoboraga no kuvuga ibindi bintu bahuriyeho n’Abahamya ba Yehova. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzasuzuma ubundi buryo umuntu yakwifashisha kugira ngo amenye abantu bigisha abandi ukuri.
Ni Gute Wasubiza?
• Imana ishaka ko tuyisenga dute?
• Ni mu buhe buryo ukuri kwabaye impamo binyuriye kuri Yesu Kristo?
• Ni iki Bibiliya ivuga ku bihereranye n’ubugingo n’urupfu?
• Umubatizo wa Gikristo ukorwa ute, kandi ni iki abashaka kubatizwa basabwa?
[Ibibazo]
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 16]
Yesu yabwiye Pilato ati ‘nazanywe no guhamya ukuri’
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 17]
Mbese, ushobora gusobanura impamvu Yesu yavuze ati ‘ni jye kuri’?
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 18]
Umubatizo wa Gikristo ukorwa ute?