Igihe cy’ibyishimo muri Balkans

Hari mu mwaka wa 1922. Icyo gihe i Innsbruck ho muri Otirishiya hari habereye amateraniro y’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya b’Abanyamwete, uko akaba ari ko Abahamya ba Yehova bitwaga. Mu bari bateze amatwi harimo Franz Brand, umusore wo mu mujyi wa Apatin mu ntara ya Vojvodina ho muri Seribiya. Igihe uwatangaga disikuru yari avuze izina ry’Imana, ari ryo Yehova, hari agatsiko k’abantu bari mu materaniro katangiye gutera hejuru, bimubuza gukomeza, maze amateraniro ahagararira aho. Icyakora, ibyo Franz yumvise byamukoze ku mutima cyane, maze bituma atangira kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami. Ibyo byabaye intangiriro yoroheje y’ukwiyongera gushishikaje ko mu buryo bw’umwuka muri kimwe mu bihugu byo mu karere ka Balkans.

MURI iki gihe iyo uvuze Yugosilaviya, abantu benshi bumva intambara n’ubwicanyi. Bahita batekereza ubwicanyi bw’agahomamunwa, impunzi zihebye, amazu yasenyutse, n’imfubyi zitagira kivurira. Nta wabona amagambo yasobanura imibabaro n’amagorwa bikomeye byatewe n’intambara yayogoje akarere ka Balkans kuva mu mwaka wa 1991 kugeza mu wa 1995, igatuma ibyiringiro byose by’uko abantu bazatuma igihe kizaza kirangwa n’uburumbuke no kugubwa neza biyoyoka. Nanone yatumye abaturage bo mu cyahoze ari Yugosilaviya bahura n’ibibazo by’ubukungu n’ubukene. *

Kubera iyo mibabaro yose, nta muntu wakwitega kubona abantu bishimye muri ako karere. Nubwo bisa n’aho bidashoboka, abo bantu barahari rwose. Mu by’ukuri, abo bantu bagize umunsi w’ibyishimo byihariye ahagana ku iherezo ry’ikinyejana cya 20. Ni uruhe ruhare Franz Brand, wa musore twavuze tugitangira, yagize muri ibyo byishimo?

Ukwiyongera ko mu buryo bw’umwuka mu karere ka Balkans

Franz Brand yashishikajwe n’ukuri yari amaze kumva, maze yiyemeza gukwirakwiza ubwo butumwa bwiza. Yabonye akazi ko kogosha mu mujyi wa Maribor ho muri Slovénie, hafi y’umupaka wa Otirishiya, nuko atangira kubwiriza abakiriya be, bicaraga bakamutega amatwi bitonze mu gihe yabogoshaga. Ibyo byatumye i Maribor havuka itsinda rito ry’ababwiriza b’Ubwami mu mpera z’imyaka ya za 20. Disikuru zishingiye kuri Bibiliya zatangirwaga muri resitora, ibyo bikaba byaratumye nyuma y’aho iyo resitora yitwa resitora y’ “Isi Nshya.”

 Hashize igihe runaka, ukuri kwakwirakwiriye mu gihugu hose. Kwerekana “Photo-Drame de la Création” (ikaba ari filimi imara amasaha umunani irimo amafoto agenda n’atagenda hamwe n’amajwi) byabigizemo uruhare rukomeye. Hanyuma mu myaka ya za 30, igihe Abahamya ba Yehova batotezwaga bikomeye mu Budage, abo muri Yugosilaviya batewe inkunga n’abapayiniya bo mu Budage bahungaga igihugu cyabo. Bigomwe imibereho yo kudamarara, bashyiraho imihati kugira ngo bajye kubwiriza mu turere twa kure tw’icyo gihugu cy’imisozi. Mu mizo ya mbere, byasaga n’aho abantu bake ari bo bitabiraga ubutumwa bwabo. Mu ntangiriro ya za 40, ababwiriza 150 gusa ni bo batanze raporo y’umurimo.

Mu mwaka wa 1941, hatangiye ibitotezo bikaze byakomeje bigeza mu mwaka wa 1952. Mbega ukuntu byari bishimishije cyane ubwo amaherezo ku itariki ya 9 Nzeri 1953, mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Umukomunisiti Jenerali Tito, Abahamya ba Yehova babonaga ubuzima gatozi! Muri uwo mwaka, hari ababwiriza b’ubutumwa bwiza 914, kandi umubare wabo wariyongeraga cyane. Mu mwaka wa 1991, umubare w’ababwiriza wariyongereye ugera ku 7.420, kandi abateranye ku rwibutso muri uwo mwaka bari 16.072.

Kuva ku itariki ya 16 kugeza ku ya 18 Kanama mu mwaka wa 1991, ikoraniro rya mbere ry’Abahamya ba Yehova muri icyo gihugu ryabereye i Zagreb ho muri Korowasi. Hateranye abantu 14.684 bo mu gihugu n’abavuye mu mahanga. Iryo koraniro ritazibagirana ryateguriraga ubwoko bwa Yehova kuzahangana n’ibigeragezo bari kuzahura na byo. Mu modoka za nyuma zagombaga kunyura kuri bariyeri yari ku mupaka wa Korowasi na Seribiya, harimo bisi zari zicyuye intumwa zo muri Seribiya. Bisi ya nyuma imaze gutambuka, umupaka warafunzwe maze intambara iratangira.

Ubwoko bwa Yehova bufite impamvu zo kwishima

Mu ntambara, Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu karere ka Balkans bahuye n’ibigeragezo bikomeye. Icyakora, bafite impamvu zo kwishima kubera ko Yehova yabahereye umugisha muri ako karere bakiyongera cyane. Kuva mu mwaka wa 1991, umubare w’ababwiriza b’Ubwami mu cyahoze ari Yugosilaviya wiyongereyeho abasaga 80 ku ijana. Mu mwaka w’umurimo wa 2001, ababwiriza bageze ku 13.472.

Ibiro by’i Zagreb n’i Belgrade (Seribiya), ni byo byitaga ku murimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova bose bo mu cyahoze ari Yugosilaviya. Kubera ko habayeho ukwiyongera n’ihinduka muri politiki, byabaye ngombwa ko hashyirwaho ibindi biro bishya i Ljubljana (Slovénie), n’i Skopje (Macédoine), kandi bagombaga gushaka ibindi biro bishya i Belgrade n’i Zagreb. Tugereranyije, abantu bagera ku 140 bakorera muri ibyo biro. Abenshi muri bo baracyari bato kandi bafitiye Yehova ishyaka ryinshi n’urukundo. Bamwe muri abo bahindura ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya mu ndimi z’Igikorowate, Macédonien, Igiseribe na Slovène. Mbega ukuntu bishimishije kubona amagazeti n’ibitabo by’Abahamya ba Yehova muri izo ndimi hafi ya byose bisohokera rimwe n’ibyo mu rurimi rw’umwimerere rw’Icyongereza! Ibyo bitabo bifasha abantu benshi kubona ihumure n’ibyiringiro.

Indi mpamvu yo kugira ibyishimo ni ubufasha buvuye ku mutima bw’ababwiriza b’igihe cyose batari bake bavuye mu bindi bihugu. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hubatswe amazu y’Ubwami  meza cyane, ibyo bituma abagize amatorero barushaho kwishima. Icyakora, hari ibindi bintu byari gutuma bishima kurushaho. Ibyo bintu byari ibihe?

Umushinga wihariye

Akenshi, ababwiriza benshi bajyaga bibaza niba ‘hari igihe bari kuzagera aho babona Bibiliya ya Traduction du monde nouveau mu rurimi rwabo.’ Buri mwaka bategerezanyaga amatsiko kuzumva itangazo rihereranye n’ibyo mu ikoraniro ry’intara. Ariko se, ni gute umushinga nk’uwo ukomeye wari kugerwaho, tuzirikanye ko hari hashize imyaka mike gusa amakipi y’ubuhinduzi muri izo ndimi ashyizweho kandi hakaba hari abahinduzi bake ugereranyije?

Inteko Nyobozi imaze kubisuzuma, yemeje ko amakipi y’ubuhinduzi bwo mu ndimi z’Igikorowate, Macédonien n’Igiseribe, yakorana mu buryo bwa bugufi, bakajya bungurana ibitekerezo. Ikipi y’Igikorowate ni yo yari gufata iya mbere.

Umunsi w’ibyishimo

Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu karere ka Balkans, ntibazibagirwa itariki ya 23 Nyakanga 1999. Amakoraniro y’intara yari afite umutwe uvuga ngo “Ijambo ry’Imana ry’Ubuhanuzi” yagombaga kubera icyarimwe i Belgrade, i Sarajevo (Bosiniya-Herizegovina), i Skopje n’i Zagreb. Abavandimwe bamaze igihe runaka batazi neza niba bari kuzagirira amakoraniro i Belgrade, kubera ko mu gihe Umuryango wa OTAN wateraga za bombe, nta bantu bari bemerewe gukoranira hamwe. Mbega ukuntu abavandimwe bishimye cyane ubwo nyuma y’amezi menshi bari mu gihirahiro bamenyaga ko bashobora kuzongera guteranira hamwe! Ariko kandi, babonye ibirenze ibyo bari biteze.

Hari ku wa Gatanu nyuma ya saa sita, ubwo muri iyo mijyi uko ari ine yari yabereyemo ikoraniro ry’intara hatangwaga itangazo ryihariye. Abantu 13.497 bari bateranye bari bacecetse, bafitiye amatsiko ibigiye kuvugwa. Uwatangaga disikuru amaze gutangaza ko hasohotse Bibiliya ya Traduction du monde nouveau y’Ibyanditswe bya Kigiriki mu Gikorowate no mu Giseribe, kandi akababwira ko n’ubuhinduzi bwo mu rurimi rwa Macédonien bwagendaga neza; abari bateranye bananiwe kwifata. Bakomye amashyi y’urufaya bituma atarangiza iryo tangazo. Mu ikoraniro ry’i Sarajevo, bamaze akanya nta wukoma kubera ko iryo tangazo ryari ribatunguye. Ryakurikiwe n’amashyi y’urufaya. I Belgrade abantu benshi barizwaga n’ibyishimo, kandi uwatangaga itangazo ntiyashoboye kurirangiza kubera ko abantu bakomaga mu mashyi biyungikanya. Mbega ukuntu buri wese yari yishimye!

Iyo mpano yarushijeho kugira agaciro kubera ko Abahamya ba Yehova bari barahawe uburenganzira bwo gucapa Bibiliya yo mu Gikorowate no mu Giseribe. Ku bw’ibyo, muri buri rurimi, bafashe Bibiliya ya Traduction du monde nouveau y’Ibyanditswe bya Kigiriki bayomeka ku Byanditswe bya Giheburayo byari bisanzwe muri urwo rurimi, babigira umubumbe umwe. Byongeye kandi, Bibiliya y’Igiseribe yacapwe mu nyuguti z’Ikiromani n’Igisirilike.

Kubera ko ubwoko bwa Yehova bwo mu karere ka Balkans bushimira ku bw’izo mpano zose zihebuje n’ubuyobozi bwabonye, bwemeranya neza n’amagambo ya Dawidi agira ati “naho nanyura mu gikombe cy’igicucu cy’urupfu, sinzatinya ikibi cyose, kuko ndi kumwe nawe.” Nubwo bagifite ingorane bahanganye na zo, bemera badashidikanya ko ‘kwishimana Uwiteka ari zo ntege zabo.’—Zaburi 23:4; Nehemiya 8:10.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 20]

Itsinda rya mbere ry’ababwiriza b’i Maribor ho muri Slovénie, babwiriza mu ifasi yitaruye