“Murwanye Satani”
“Murwanye Satani”
“Murwanye Satani, na we azabahunga.”—YAKOBO 4:7.
1. Ni iki twavuga ku bihereranye n’iyi si, kandi kuki abasizwe na bagenzi babo bagomba kuba maso?
“IMANA yarigendeye, ariko Satani nta ho yagiye.” Ayo magambo y’umwanditsi w’Umufaransa witwa André Malraux yakwerekezwa ku isi dutuyemo kubera ko ibikorwa abantu bakora usanga bigaragaza amayeri ya Satani kuruta uko bigaragaza ibyo Imana ishaka. Satani ayobya abantu akoresheje “imbaraga zose n’ibimenyetso n’ibitangaza by’ibinyoma, n’ubuhenzi bwose bwo gukiranirwa ku barimbuka” (2 Abatesalonike 2:9, 10). Ariko kandi, muri iyi “minsi y’imperuka,” Satani yibasiye cyane abagaragu ba Yehova bamwiyeguriye, ashoza intambara ku Bakristo basizwe, “bitondera amategeko y’Imana kandi bafite guhamya kwa Yesu” (2 Timoteyo 3:1; Ibyahishuwe 12:9, 17). Abo bagaragu b’Imana basizwe hamwe na bagenzi babo bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba ku isi, bakeneye kuba maso.
2. Ni gute Satani yoheje Eva, kandi ni iki intumwa Pawulo yatinyaga?
2 Satani ni umubeshyi kabuhariwe. Yakoresheje inzoka abeshya Eva bituma atekereza ko yashoboraga kubona ibyishimo byinshi kurushaho atisunze Imana (Itangiriro 3:1-6). Imyaka igera hafi ku bihumbi bine nyuma y’aho, intumwa Pawulo yavuze ko yari afite ubwoba bw’uko Abakristo basizwe b’i Korinto bashoboraga kuyobywa n’amayeri ya Satani. Pawulo yaranditse ati “ndatinya yuko nk’uko ya nzoka yohesheje Eva uburyarya bwayo, ko ari na ko intekerezo zanyu zayobywa, mukareka gutungana no kubonera bya Kristo” (2 Abakorinto 11:3). Satani yangiza ubwenge bw’abantu agacurika ibitekerezo byabo. Kimwe n’uko yoheje Eva, ashobora gutuma Abakristo batekereza nabi maze bakibwira ko babona ibyishimo bakoze ibintu Yehova n’Umwana we banga.
3. Ni gute Yehova arinda abantu uburiganya bwa Satani?
3 Satani ashobora kugereranywa n’umuntu uhiga inyoni utega umutego kugira ngo inyoni zitawubonye ziwugwemo. Kugira ngo twirinde kugwa mu mutego wa Satani, dukeneye ‘kuba mu rwihisho rw’Isumbabyose,’ ahantu h’uburinzi bwo mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo Yehova arindira abantu bemera kandi bakagandukira ubutegetsi bwe bw’ikirenga mu byo bakora (Zaburi 91:1-3). Twese dukeneye ko Yehova aturinda binyuriye ku Ijambo rye, umwuka we wera, n’umuteguro we, kugira ngo ‘tubashe guhagarara tudatsinzwe n’uburiganya bwa Satani’ (Abefeso 6:11). Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “uburiganya” rishobora nanone guhindurwamo “amayeri.” Nta gushidikanya, Satani akoresha amayeri menshi agamije kugusha mu mutego abagaragu ba Yehova.
Imitego Satani yategaga Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere
4. Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bari mu mimerere iteye ite?
4 Abakristo babayeho mu kinyejana cya mbere n’icya kabiri I.C. bariho mu gihe Ubwami bw’Abaroma bwari bumaze guhama. Agahenge karangwaga muri ubwo bwami bwa Roma, katumye ubucuruzi butera imbere. Iryo terambere ryatumye abategetsi babona igihe gihagije cyo kwirangaza, kandi bakoraga ku buryo rubanda na bo bagira ibintu byinshi byo kwirangaza kugira ngo batazigomeka ku butegetsi. Hari igihe wasangaga iminsi y’amakonji ingana n’iminsi y’akazi. Abategetsi bakoreshaga amafaranga abaturage batangaga bakabagaburira bagahaga kandi bakabategurira ibirori ku buryo bakomeza guhuga ntibabone igihe cyo gutekereza ku byo kwigomeka.
5, 6. (a) Kuki bitari bikwiriye ko Umukristo ajya mu mazu yakinirwagamo amakinamico y’i Roma? (b) Ni ayahe mayeri Satani yakoreshaga, kandi ni gute Umukristo yashoboraga kwirinda kugwa mu mitego ye?
5 Mbese iyo mimerere yaba yarashoboraga guteza akaga Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere? Umuntu afatiye ku miburo yanditswe n’abanditsi ba kera babayeho nyuma y’intumwa ho gato, urugero nka Tertullien, ku Bakristo b’ukuri ibyinshi mu bintu byo kwirangaza byarimo akaga haba mu buryo bw’umwuka no mu bihereranye n’umuco. Kimwe mu bintu byabiteraga ni uko imyinshi mu minsi mikuru n’imikino byakorwaga bigamije gusingiza imana z’ibinyoma (2 Abakorinto 6:14-18). Ndetse no mu mazu yakinirwagamo amakinamico no mu myinshi mu mikino ya kera wavuga ko yari yiyubashye, wasangaga harimo ubwiyandarike bw’akahebwe n’ibikorwa byo kumena amaraso. Uko igihe cyagendaga gihita, ni na ko abantu bakundaga iyo mikino bagendaga bagabanuka, maze iza gusimbuzwa imikino bakinaga baca amarenga ariko berekeza ku busambanyi. Umuhanga mu by’amateka witwa Jérôme Carcopino yaravuze ati “abagore bakinaga iyo mikino babaga bemerewe kwiyambura imyenda yose . . . Bavushaga amaraso ibi bya nyabyo. . . . Muri iyo mikino bacaga amarenga yabaga yerekeza ku bikorwa by’akahebwe byari byaratwaye umutima abaturage bo muri uwo murwa. Iyo mikino ntiyabateraga ishozi bitewe n’uko ubwicanyi bukabije bwahakorerwaga bwari bwaramaze kubagira ibiti batakigira imbabazi” (Daily Life in Ancient Rome).—Matayo 5:27, 28.
6 Muri ayo mazu yerekanirwagamo amakinamico, abakurankota bararwanaga kugeza bapfuye, cyangwa bakarwana n’inyamaswa, batazica zikabica. Abanyabyaha babaga barakatiwe urwo gupfa, amaherezo n’Abakristo benshi, bashumurizwaga inyamaswa z’inkazi. Ndetse no muri ibyo bihe bya kera, amayeri Satani yakoreshaga yari ayo kugira abantu ibiti ku buryo usanga ubwiyandarike n’ubugome bitabateye ishozi, kugeza igihe ibyo bintu byabereye ibintu bisanzwe kandi abantu benshi bakabishikira. Uburyo bwonyine bwo kwirinda kugwa muri iyo mitego kwari ukutajya muri ayo mazu yakinirwagamo amakinamico.—1 Abakorinto 15:32, 33.
7, 8. (a) Kuki bitari kuba ari iby’ubwenge ko Umukristo ajya mu isiganwa ry’amafarashi? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo Satani yashoboraga gukoresha amazu y’i Roma yo kwiyuhagiriramo kugira ngo agushe Abakristo mu mutego?
7 Isiganwa ry’amafarashi ryakorerwaga muri za sitade nini cyane za muviringo zabaga zishamaje, ariko kandi Abakristo ntibemererwaga kuzijyamo bitewe n’urugomo rwahakorerwaga n’ababaga baje kuyareba. Umwanditsi wo mu kinyejana cya gatatu yavuze ko bamwe mu babaga baje kureba bateranaga amakofe, naho Carcopino we avuga ko “abaraguza inyenyeri n’indaya ari ho bakoreraga akazi kabo,” aho hose ku mabaraza ya sitade bakaba barabaga bahari. Birumvikana neza ko ayo masitade yakorerwagamo isiganwa ry’amafarashi atari ahantu Umukristo yari akwiriye kujya.—1 Abakorinto 6:9, 10.
8 Naho se bite ku bihereranye n’amazu yo kwiyuhagiriramo y’i Roma yari ahambaye? Kwiyuhagira kugira ngo umuntu agire isuku nta kibi cyarimo rwose. Ariko kandi, amenshi mu mazu yo kwiyuhagiriramo y’i Roma yabaga ari ibigo binini cyane byabaga birimo ibyumba wajyagamo bakagukandakanda umubiri wose ukagarura ubuyanja, ibyumba bakoreragamo imyitozo ngororangingo, ibyo bakiniragamo, n’ahantu ho kurira no kunywera. Nubwo bavugaga mu magambo gusa ko abagabo bagiraga igihe cyabo cyo gukoresha aho hantu n’abagore bakagira icyabo, akenshi kujyanamo bose byaremerwaga. Uwitwa Clément d’Alexandrie yaranditse ati “amazu yo kwiyuhagiriramo usanga yakira abagabo n’abagore icyarimwe nta kuvangura; kandi iyo bagezemo biyambura byose bagakora ibintu by’akahebwe.” Ku bw’ibyo rero, ikigo nk’icyo cyemewe Satani yashoboraga kugikoresha kugira ngo agushe Abakristo mu mutego. Abanyabwenge birindaga kujyayo.
9. Ni iyihe mitego Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bagombaga kwirinda?
9 Imikino y’urusimbi na yo yari imikino yo kwirangaza abantu bakundaga cyane igihe Ubwami bw’Abaroma bwari bumaze guhama. Kwirinda kujya ahantu haberaga iyo mikino ni bwo buryo Abakristo bo hambere bashoboraga kwirinda iyo mikino yo gutega mu marushanwa y’amafarashi. Imikino mito mito y’urusimbi yanakorerwaga mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko mu byumba byihishe byo mu mahoteli no mu tubari. Abakinnyi bategeraga kumenya ikiganza undi mukinnyi yabaga apfumbatijemo umubare w’igiharwe cyangwa utari igiharwe w’utubuye cyangwa utugufwa. Urusimbi rwatumaga ubuzima burushaho kuryoha kubera ko byatumaga abantu babona amafaranga batagombye kwiyuha akuya (Abefeso 5:5). Ikindi kandi, abakozi bakoraga muri utwo tubari akenshi babaga ari indaya, ibyo bikaba byaratumaga abantu bishora mu busambanyi mu buryo bworoshye. Iyo yari imwe mu mitego Satani yategaga Abakristo babaga mu mijyi yo mu Bwami bwa Roma. Muri iki gihe se, hari ibintu nk’ibyo biriho?
Imitego Satani atega Abakristo muri iki gihe
10. Ni mu buhe buryo imimerere iriho muri iki gihe isa n’iyari iriho mu gihe cy’Ubwami bwa Roma?
10 Urebye muri rusange, hashize ibinyejana byinshi Satani akoresha imitego imwe idahinduka. Kugira ngo Satani ‘atagira icyo atsindisha’ Abakristo babaga mu mujyi w’i Korinto wari warononekaye, Pawulo yabagiriye inama ikomeye. Yaravuze ati ‘ntituyobewe imigambi ya [Satani]’ (2 Abakorinto 2:11). Mu bihugu byinshi byateye imbere, usanga abantu bafite imibereho imeze nk’iyari yogeye mu Butegetsi bwa Roma igihe yari igihangange. Abantu benshi usanga bafite igihe gihagije cyo kwirangaza kurusha ikindi gihe cyose. Tombola zitegurwa na Leta zituma n’abatindi barota ubukire. Usanga hari imyidagaduro myinshi ihendutse ituma abantu bose birangaza. Iyo habaye imikino, sitade ziba zuzuye abantu, bategeye ikintu bari buhe umuntu uri bufore abari butsinde, kandi akenshi usanga abafana n’abakinnyi bagira urugomo. Imizika ivugwamo ibintu by’akahebwe ni yo abantu biyumvira gusa, kandi usanga mu makinamico, filimi na televiziyo berekana ubusambanyi. Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, abantu b’igitsina gabo n’ab’igitsina gore bafite amavunane bahurira mu mazu babakandiramo cyangwa bakajyana koga mu mashyuza, tutiriwe tuvuga abantu bajya kota akazuba ku myaro bambaye uko bavutse. Nk’uko byari bimeze mu myaka ya mbere y’Ubukristo, na n’ubu Satani agerageza gushuka abagaragu b’Imana yifashishije ibikorwa byo kwidagadura byogeye hanze aha.
11. Ni iyihe mitego umuntu ashobora kugwamo mu gihe yagiye kwirangaza?
11 Muri iyi si aho usanga imihihibikano y’ubuzima ari myinshi, birasanzwe ko abantu bakenera kuruhuka no kwirangaza. Ariko rero, kimwe n’uko muri Roma amazu abantu bajyaga kwiyuhagiriramo yabaga arimo ibintu byashoboraga guteza akaga Abakristo ba mbere, ni na ko ahantu hamwe na hamwe abantu bajya kwirangariza no gusura haje kuboneka ko ari umutego Satani akoresha kugira ngo agushe Abakristo bo muri iki gihe mu busambanyi no mu businzi. Pawulo yandikiye Abakristo b’i Korinto ati “ntimuyobe; kwifatanya n’ababi konona ingeso nziza. Nimuhugukire gukiranuka, nk’uko bibakwiriye, ntimukongere gukora ibyaha; kuko bamwe batamenye Imana.”—1 Abakorinto 15:33, 34.
12. Ni ayahe mayeri amwe n’amwe Satani akoresha kugira ngo agushe mu mutego abagaragu ba Yehova muri iki gihe?
12 Twabonye ukuntu igihe Satani yashukaga Eva yakoresheje amayeri kugira ngo amuyobye (2 Abakorinto 11:3). Muri iki gihe, umwe mu mitego Satani akoresha ni ugutuma Abakristo batekereza ko bagerageje kwerekana mu buryo bushoboka bwose ko Abahamya ba Yehova na bo ari abantu nk’abandi, bazashobora kugira bamwe bazana mu kuri kwa Gikristo. Rimwe na rimwe bararengera, kandi ikibabaje ni uko batabona ibyo bari biteze (Hagayi 2:12-14). Undi mutego wa Satani ni ukoshya Abakristo bitanze, ari abato n’abakuru, kugira ngo bagire imibereho y’amaharakubiri maze ‘bateze agahinda umwuka wera’ (Abefeso 4:30). Bamwe baguye muri uwo mutego bazira gukoresha nabi Internet.
13. Umwe mu mitego ififitse urimo amayeri Satani akoresha ni uwuhe, kandi se ku bihereranye n’ibyo, ni iyihe nama ikwiriye itangwa mu Migani?
13 Undi mutego Satani akoresha ni ibikorwa by’ubupfumu abantu badahita babona ububi bwabyo. Nta Mukristo w’ukuri wakwishora ku bushake mu bintu by’ubupfumu. Nyamara, hari abo usanga nta cyo bitayeho iyo bareba za filimi, televiziyo, imikino yo kuri videwo n’ibitabo by’abana cyangwa filimi zabo byiganjemo urugomo cyangwa ibintu by’amayobera. Ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose gifitanye isano n’ubupfumu umuntu aba agomba kucyirinda. Umugani umwe w’umunyabwenge ugira uti “amahwa n’imitego biri mu nzira y’ikigoryi; urinda ubugingo bwe azanyura kure yabyo” (Imigani 22:5). Kubera ko Satani ari “imana y’iki gihe,” ikintu cyose abantu benshi bashikira gishobora kuba cyihishemo umwe mu mitego ye.—2 Abakorinto 4:4; 1 Yohana 2:15, 16.
Yesu yarwanyije Satani
14. Ni gute Yesu yatsinze ikigeragezo cya mbere Satani yamuteje?
14 Yesu yatanze urugero rwiza mu bihereranye no kurwanya Satani kandi yamuvaniye inzira ku murima aramuhunga. Yesu amaze kubatizwa no kwiyiriza ubusa mu gihe cy’iminsi 40, Satani yaramugerageje (Matayo 4:1-11). Mu kigeragezo cya mbere yateje Yesu, yamufatiranye ashonje kuko yari amaze iminsi yiyiriza ubusa. Satani yasabye Yesu gukora igitangaza cya mbere kugira ngo ahaze ibintu by’umubiri yari akeneye. Yesu yasubiyemo amagambo ari mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 8:3, yanga gukoresha imbaraga ze akora igikorwa cy’ubwikunde, ahubwo agaragaza ko aha agaciro ibyokurya by’umwuka kubirutisha ibyokurya bisanzwe.
15. (a) Ni ikihe kintu gisanzwe buri muntu wese akenera Satani yahereyeho akagerageza Yesu? (b) Umwe mu mitego ikomeye Satani akoresha kugira ngo agushe abagaragu b’Imana muri iki gihe ni uwuhe, ariko se ni gute dushobora kumurwanya?
15 Ikintu gishishikaje ku bihereranye n’icyo kigeragezo ni uko Satani atagerageje gutuma Yesu akora icyaha cy’ubusambanyi. Ubusanzwe iyo umuntu ashonje yifuza kugira icyo arya. Ni yo mpamvu yamufatiranye ashonje akaba ari bwo amugerageza, kuko kurya ari byo yari akeneye cyane muri ako kanya. Ni ibihe bishuko Satani akoresha kugira ngo ayobye ubwoko bw’Imana muri iki gihe? Akoresha ibigeragezo byinshi bitandukanye, ariko kandi umwe mu mitego ikomeye akoresha ni ubusambanyi, agamije gutuma abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova bareka gukomeza gushikama. Nitwigana Yesu, dushobora kurwanya Satani maze tugatsinda ibishuko bye. Nk’uko Yesu yaburijemo imihati Satani yashyizeho kugira ngo amushuke abifashijwemo no kuba yaributse imirongo y’Ibyanditswe yari ikwiriye muri icyo gihe, natwe mu gihe dushutswe dushobora kwibuka ibivugwa mu Itangiriro 39:9 no mu 1 Abakorinto 6:18.
16. (a) Ni gute Satani yagerageje Yesu ku ncuro ya kabiri? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo Satani ashobora kugerageza kudushuka kugira ngo tugerageze Yehova?
16 Hanyuma, Satani yashotoye Yesu amusaba gusimbuka avuye ku gasongero k’urusengero, kugira ngo agerageze ubushobozi bw’Imana bwo kumurinda ikoresheje abamarayika bayo. Yesu yasubiyemo amagambo yo mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 6:16 yanga kugerageza Se. Satani ashobora kutadushuka ngo dusimbuke duturutse hejuru ku rusengero, ariko kandi ashobora kudushuka kugira ngo tugerageze Yehova. Mbese tujya dushaka kureba aho twageza twigana imideri y’isi mu myambarire no mu kwirimbisha nta muntu wari watugira inama? Mbese, twaba duhura n’ibishuko byo kujya mu myidagaduro ikemangwa? Icyo gihe twaba tugerageza Yehova. Niba twumva ibintu nk’ibyo bidukurura, aho kugira ngo Satani aduhunge, azakomeza atugendeho, akomeze agerageze kutwoshya kugira ngo dufatanye na we kurwanya Imana.
17. (a) Ni gute Satani yagerageje Yesu ku ncuro ya gatatu? (b) Ni gute amagambo yo muri Yakobo 4:7 yatubera ay’ukuri?
17 Igihe Satani yabwiraga Yesu ko amuha ubwami bw’isi bwose ari uko abanje gupfukama akamusenga, Yesu yaramwamaganye asubiramo umurongo w’Ibyanditswe, ntiyanamuka ku cyemezo cye cyo gusenga Se wenyine (Gutegeka 5:9; 6:13; 10:20). Satani ashobora kutaduha ubwami bw’iyi si, ariko ahora adushukisha ibintu by’iraha ry’ubutunzi, cyangwa akatwereka twageze ku bitangaza. Mbese, natwe tubyifatamo nk’uko Yesu yabyifashemo, Yehova akaba ari we dusenga wenyine? Niba ari uko bimeze, ibyabaye kuri Yesu natwe ni ko bizatugendekera. Inkuru ya Matayo igira iti “Umwanzi aherako aramureka” (Matayo 4:11). Satani azatureka nitumurwanya dushikamye binyuriye mu kwibuka amahame yo muri Bibiliya dukeneye muri ako kanya kandi tukayashyira mu bikorwa. Umwigishwa Yakobo yaranditse ati “murwanye Satani, na we azabahunga” (Yakobo 4:7). Umukristo umwe yandikiye ibiro by’ishami by’Abahamya ba Yehova byo mu Bufaransa ati “Satani ni umunyamayeri mubi! Nubwo mba mfite intego nziza, ntibinyorohera gutegeka ibyiyumvo n’ibyifuzo byanjye. Ariko kandi, nakomeje gushikama no gukomera ku kuri mbikesheje ubutwari no kwihangana, cyane cyane ariko mbifashijwemo na Yehova.”
Dufite ibikenewe byose ngo turwanye Satani
18. Ni izihe ntwaro zo mu buryo bw’umwuka zidufasha kurwanya Satani?
18 Yehova yaduhaye intwaro zose zo mu buryo bw’umwuka kugira ngo tubashe ‘guhagarara tudatsinzwe n’uburiganya bwa Satani’ (Abefeso 6:11-18). Ukuri dukunda tuzagukenyera cyangwa kudutegurire gukora umurimo wa Gikristo. Kuba twariyemeje kwizirika ubutanamuka ku mahame ya Yehova yo gukiranuka bizatubera nk’icyuma gikingira umutima. Nidukweta inkweto, ni ukuvuga ubutumwa bwiza, ibirenge byacu bizajya bihora bitujyana mu murimo wo kubwiriza, kandi ibyo bizadukomeza kandi biturinde mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ukwizera kwacu kutajegajega kuzatubera nk’ingabo, kuturinde ‘imyambi y’umubi yaka umuriro,’ ari byo bitero bififitse atugabaho n’ibishuko aduteza. Ibyiringiro byacu bidakuka by’uko amasezerano ya Yehova azasohora bizatubera ingofero, irinde ibitekerezo byacu kandi itume tugira amahoro yo mu mutima (Abafilipi 4:7). Nituba abahanga mu gukoresha Ijambo ry’Imana, rizatubera nk’inkota dushobora gukoresha tugafasha abantu kuva mu bubata bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka bashyizwemo na Satani. Dushobora nanone kurikoresha twitabara, nk’uko Yesu yabigenje igihe yashukwaga.
19. Uretse ‘kurwanya Satani,’ ni iki kindi tugomba gukora?
19 Nidukomeza ‘kwambara intwaro zose z’Imana,’ tugakomeza gusenga ubutanamuka, dushobora kwizera tudashidikanya ko Yehova azaturinda igihe Satani azatugabaho ibitero (Yohana 17:15; 1 Abakorinto 10:13). Ariko kandi, Yakobo yagaragaje ko ‘kurwanya Satani’ bidahagije. Ikirenze ibindi byose, tugomba ‘kugandukira Imana,’ yo itwitaho cyane (Yakobo 4:7, 8). Uko twabigeraho tuzabisuzuma mu gice gikurikira.
Ni gute wasubiza?
• Ni iyihe mitego ya Satani Abakristo ba mbere bagombaga kwirinda?
• Ni ayahe mayeri Satani akoresha muri iki gihe ashaka kugusha mu mutego abagaragu ba Yehova?
• Ni gute Yesu yaburijemo ibishuko bya Satani?
• Ni izihe ntwaro zo mu buryo bw’umwuka zidufasha kurwanya Satani?
[Ibibazo]
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 8 n’iya 9]
Yesu yarwanyije Satani yivuye inyuma
[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 10]
Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bangaga kujya mu myidagaduro yakorerwagamo ibikorwa by’ubugome n’ibintu by’ubwiyandarike
[Aho ifoto yavuye]
The Complete Encyclopedia of Illustration/J. G. Heck