Barashakisha ubutegetsi bwiza

“Kubera ko ibihugu biri ku isi bigenda birushaho gukenerana, byatumye havuka ibibazo bitandukanye byo mu rwego rw’isi yose, ku buryo ibihugu ubwabyo bidashobora kubyikemurira. Ibintu biteje akaga n’ibibazo bidasiba kwiyongera abantu bahanganye na byo, twabikemura binyuze gusa ku bufatanye bw’abatuye isi bose.”—Ghulam Umar, umuhanga mu bya politiki wo muri Pakisitani.

MURI iyi si usanga harimo ibintu byinshi bihabanye cyane. Mu gihe ku isi hari ubutunzi bwinshi, hari n’abantu benshi babona ibibatunga biyushye akuya. Abantu barakataje mu ikorana buhanga rya orudinateri, barize cyane baraminuza kandi bafite ubumenyi bwinshi kuruta abo mu kindi gihe cyose, nyamara kubona akazi gahoraho birarushaho kugora abantu benshi. N’ubwo abantu basa n’abafite umudendezo kurusha mbere hose, hari abantu benshi cyane bahora bafite ubwoba, bumva nta mutekano. Dushobora kubona ko hari uburyo bwo kugera ku bintu byinshi bishishikaje, ariko kubera ko ruswa yamunze inzego zose z’imibereho n’amategeko akaba adakurikizwa, byatumye abantu benshi batakaza icyizere.

Ibibazo byugarije abantu ni byinshi cyane ku buryo nta gihugu kimwe cyangwa ibihugu byishyize hamwe, bishobora kubyikemurira. Ku bw’ibyo, abantu benshi bazi kwitegereza babonye ko kugira ngo isi ibone amahoro n’umutekano, ibihugu byose byo ku isi bigomba kwishyira hamwe, bikagira ubutegetsi bumwe. Urugero, nka Albert Einstein yamaze igihe kirekire ashyigikira icyo gitekerezo. Mu mwaka wa 1946, yagize ati “nemera rwose ko abantu benshi ku isi bifuza kubaho mu mahoro n’umutekano . . . Icyifuzo abantu bafite cyo kubona amahoro, cyagerwaho ari uko gusa habayeho ubutegetsi bumwe ku isi hose.”

Hashize imyaka isaga mirongo itanu, nyamara icyo kintu cy’ingenzi cyane abantu bakeneye ntikiraboneka. Mu ngingo yo mu kinyamakuru cy’i Paris mu Bufaransa yagaragazaga urutonde rw’ingorane zo mu kinyejana cya 21, harimo amagambo agira ati “igikenewe ni ugushyiraho imfatiro z’ubutegetsi mpuzamahanga burimo inzego z’ubucamanza, izubahiriza amategeko n’izishinga amategeko; bushoboye guhita bufata ingamba zo gutabara ahantu aho ari ho hose ku isi, mu gihe hadutse ubwicanyi bushingiye ku moko. Icya ngombwa nanone ni ukwemera igitekerezo cy’uko iyi si ari igihugu kimwe” (Le Monde). Ni nde ufite ububasha n’ubushobozi bwo gushyiraho ubutegetsi nk’ubwo, bityo agaha abantu icyizere cy’uko bashobora kuzagira imibereho y’igihe kizaza irangwa n’amahoro?

Mbese Umuryango w’Abibumbye ni wo uzakemura ibibazo?

Abantu benshi biringira ko Umuryango w’Abibumbye ari wo uzazana amahoro ku isi. Mbese Umuryango w’Abibumbye ni ubutegetsi bushobora kuzana amahoro nyakuri n’umutekano kuri iyi si? Amadisikuru y’abanyapolitiki arimo amagambo atanga icyizere, yo si ay’ibura! Urugero, mu “Itangazo ry’Ikinyagihumbi” ryo mu mwaka wa 2000, Inteko Rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yafashe icyemezo kigira kiti “nta cyo tutazakora ngo dukize abaturage bacu icyorezo cy’intambara,  zaba izishyamiranya abenegihugu cyangwa amahanga, izo ntambara zikaba zarahitanye abantu basaga miriyoni 5 mu myaka icumi ishize.” Ayo magambo yatumye abantu benshi bo mu nzego zose bashimagiza Umuryango w’Abibumbye, barawukunda, maze mu mwaka wa 2001 ubona Igihembo cy’Amahoro cyitiriwe Nobeli. Komite ishinzwe gutanga ibihembo byitiriwe Nobeli yo muri Noruveji, na yo yashimagije Umuryango w’Abibumbye igira iti “Umuryango w’Abibumbye, ni bwo buryo bwonyine bushoboka bwo kugera ku mahoro n’ubufatanye ku isi.”

N’ubwo wavuzweho ibyo byose, mbese Umuryango w’Abibumbye washinzwe mu mwaka 1945, wabaye ubutegetsi bushobora kuzana amahoro nyakuri kandi arambye ku isi hose? Si ko biri kubera ko ibihugu biwugize biharanira inyungu zabyo gusa kandi bikaba bishaka kugera ku migambi yabyo bwite, ibyo bigatuma imihati myinshi ushyiraho itagira icyo igeraho. Nk’uko bivugwa n’umwanditsi wo mu kinyamakuru kimwe, igitekerezo abantu bahuriyeho ni uko Umuryango w’Abibumbye ari nta kindi umaze, uretse “gufasha abantu kubona uko ibihugu bitandukanye bibona ibintu” kandi ko “ku murongo w’ibyigwa uwo muryango ufite ibibazo byinshi bimaze imyaka myinshi bigibwaho impaka, ariko nta cyo babikozeho kigaragara ngo bikemuke.” Ikibazo kiracyahari: ese hari igihe ibihugu byo ku isi bizaba byunze ubumwe koko?

Bibiliya ihishura ko ubwo bumwe bugiye kugerwaho mu gihe cya vuba aha. Ibyo bizabaho bite? Kandi se ni ubuhe butegetsi buzatuma ubwo bumwe bugerwaho? Soma ingingo ikurikira urabona igisubizo.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 3]

Einstein yashyigikiraga igitekerezo cy’uko hakenewe ubutegetsi bumwe bw’isi yose

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

Einstein: U.S. National Archives photo