Ubuhanuzi bwose bwahamije Kristo

‘Guhamya kwa Yesu ni umwuka w’ubuhanuzi.’—IBYAHISHUWE 19:10.

1, 2. (a) Guhera mu mwaka wa 29 I.C., ni uwuhe mwanzuro Abisirayeli bagombaga gufata? (b) Turi busuzume iki muri iki gice?

HARI mu mwaka wa 29 I.C. * Abisirayeli bose nta kindi bavugaga uretse ibya Mesiya wasezeranyijwe. Inyigisho za Yohana Umubatiza na zo zari zaratumye abantu barushaho gutegereza Mesiya (Luka 3:15). Yohana yari yarahakaniye abantu ko atari we Kristo. Ahubwo yavuze ibya Yesu w’i Nazareti agira ati “mpamya yuko ari Umwana w’Imana” (Yohana 1:20, 34). Bidatinze, imbaga y’abantu yatangiye gukurikira Yesu kugira ngo abigishe kandi abakize.

² Mu mezi yakurikiyeho, Yehova yakomeje gutanga ibihamya byinshi cyane bihamya Umwana we. Abantu bari bariyigishije Ibyanditswe bakibonera n’ibitangaza Yesu yakoraga, bari bafite impamvu zikomeye zo kumwizera. Icyakora, ubwoko bw’Imana bw’isezerano muri rusange ntibwari bufite ukwizera. Urebye, abantu bake cyane ni bo bemeraga ko Yesu ari we Kristo Umwana w’Imana (Yohana 6:60-69). Uba warakoze iki iyo uza kuba uriho muri icyo gihe? Mbese uba waremeye ko Yesu ari Mesiya kandi ukamukurikira mu budahemuka? Reka turebe ibihamya Yesu ubwe yatanze agaragaza uwo ari we igihe bamushinjaga ko arenga ku Isabato, maze uzirikane ibindi bihamya yatanze hanyuma kugira ngo ashimangire ukwizera kw’abigishwa be b’indahemuka.

Yesu ubwe atanga igihamya

3. Ni iyihe mimerere yatumye Yesu yumva ko agomba gutanga ibihamya bigaragaza uwo ari we?

³ Hari mu gihe cya Pasika yo mu mwaka wa  31 I.C. Yesu yari i Yerusalemu. Ni bwo yari akimara gukiza umugabo wari umaze imyaka 38 arwaye. Ariko Abayahudi bo batoteje Yesu ngo ‘kuki amukijije ku Isabato?’ Bamushinje nanone ko yatutse Imana kandi bashaka kumwica kubera ko yavugaga ko Imana ari yo Se (Yohana 5:1-9, 16-18). Yesu yisobanuye atanga ingingo eshatu zikomeye zari kwemeza Umuyahudi wese wari ufite umutima utaryarya, ko Yesu yari Mesiya w’ukuri.

4, 5. Umurimo wa Yohana wari ugamije iki, kandi se ni mu buhe buryo yawushohoje neza?

⁴ Yesu yatangiye avuga ubuhamya Yohana Umubatiza wamubanjirije yatanze, agira ati “mwatumye kuri Yohana, na we yahamije ukuri. Uwo yari itabaza ryaka rimurika, namwe mwamaze igihe gito mwishimira umucyo we.”—Yohana 5:33, 35.

⁵ Yohana Umubatiza “yari itabaza ryaka rimurika” mu buryo bw’uko mbere y’uko Herode amufunga amuhora ubusa, yari yarashohoje inshingano Imana yari yaramuhaye yo gutegurira Mesiya inzira. Yohana yaravuze ati ‘kugira ngo [Mesiya] yerekwe Abisirayeli, ni cyo cyatumye nza mbatirisha amazi. . . . Nabonye umwuka umanuka uva mu ijuru usa n’inuma, utinda kuri we. Icyakora sinari muzi, keretse yuko Iyantumye kubatirisha amazi yambwiye iti “uwo uzabona umwuka umanukira ukagwa kuri we, uwo ni we ubatirisha umwuka wera.” Nanjye mbibonye, mpamya yuko ari Umwana w’Imana’ * (Yohana 1:26-37). Yohana yavuze yeruye ko Yesu ari Umwana w’Imana, ko ari we Mesiya wasezeranyijwe. Yohana yatanze ubuhamya busobanutse neza ku buryo amezi umunani nyuma y’urupfu rwe, Abayahudi benshi b’imitima itaryarya biyemereye bati “ibyo Yohana yavuze kuri uyu byari iby’ukuri byose.”—Yohana 10:41, 42.

6. Kuki ibyo Yesu yakoze byagombye kuba byaremeje abantu ko Imana yari imushyigikiye?

⁶ Yesu yatanze indi ngingo yemezaga ko ari we Mesiya w’ukuri. Yagaragaje ko imirimo myiza yakoraga ubwayo yari igihamya cy’uko Imana yari imushyigikiye. Yarababwiye ati “mfite ibimpamya biruta ibya Yohana, kuko imirimo Data yampaye ngo nyisohoze, iyo mirimo nkora ari yo impamya ubwayo yuko Data ari we wantumye” (Yohana 5:36). Ndetse n’abanzi ba Yesu ntibashoboraga guhakana ibyo bihamya, byari bikubiyemo ibitangaza binyuranye yakoraga. Bamwe muri bo nyuma y’aho barabazanyije bati “tugire dute ko uwo muntu akora ibimenyetso byinshi?” (Yohana 11:47). Icyakora hari ababyitabiriye neza maze baravuga bati “harya Kristo naza, mugira ngo azakora ibimenyetso byinshi biruta ibyo uyu yakoze?” (Yohana 7:31). Yesu yagaragazaga imico ya Se ku buryo abantu bamwiyumviye bari bafite uburyo budasanzwe bwo kumenya kamere ya Se.—Yohana 14:9.

7. Ni mu buhe buryo Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo bihamya Yesu?

⁷ Amaherezo Yesu yatanze igihamya kitavuguruzwa. Yarababwiye ati ‘ibyanditswe ni byo bimpamya. Iyo mwizera Mose najye muba munyizeye, kuko ari ibyanjye yanditse’ (Yohana 5:39, 46). Birumvikana ariko ko Mose atari we wenyine mu bahamya ba mbere y’Ubukristo banditse ku bihereranye na Kristo. Ibyo banditse byari bikubiyemo ubuhanuzi bubarirwa mu magana hamwe n’ibisekuru bisobanutse neza, byose byerekezaga kuri Mesiya (Luka 3:23-38; 24:44-46; Ibyakozwe 10:43). Naho se Amategeko ya Mose? Intumwa Pawulo yaranditse ati “amategeko yatubereye umushorera wo kutugeza kuri Kristo” (Abagalatiya 3:24). Ni koko, ‘guhamya kwa Yesu ni umwuka w’ubuhanuzi,’ ni ukuvuga ko ubuhanuzi bwose iyo buva bukagera bwabaga bugamije guhamya Yesu.—Ibyahishuwe 19:10.

8. Kuki Abayahudi benshi batizeye Mesiya?

⁸ Mbese ibyo bihamya byose, ni ukuvuga ubuhamya bweruye bwa Yohana, ibitangaza Yesu ubwe yakoze, imico y’Imana yagaragaje hamwe n’ubuhamya buhambaye Ibyanditswe byatanze, ntibiba byarakwemeje ko Yesu yari Mesiya? Umuntu wese wakundaga Imana by’ukuri agakunda n’Ijambo ryayo, aba yarahise abibona kandi akizera ko Yesu  yari Mesiya wasezeranyijwe. Icyakora, muri rusange urukundo nk’urwo ntirwarangwaga muri Isirayeli. Yesu yabwiye abamurwanyaga ati “mwebwe ndabazi yuko mudakunda Imana mu mitima yanyu” (Yohana 5:42). “Mu cyimbo cyo gushaka ishimwe riva ku Mana ubwayo,” bamaraniraga “gushimwa n’abantu.” Ntibitangaje rero kuba bataremeraga ibyo Yesu yavugaga, kuko we na Se bamaganira kure imitekerereze nk’iyo!—Yohana 5:43, 44; Ibyakozwe 12:21-23.

Iyerekwa ry’ubuhanuzi ryakomeje ukwizera kwabo

9, 10. (a) Kuki twavuga ko Yesu yahisemo igihe cyiza cyo guha abigishwa be ikimenyetso? (b) Ni irihe sezerano rikomeye Yesu yahaye abigishwa be?

⁹ Hari hashize umwaka usaga uhereye igihe Yesu yatangiye bya bihamya twabonye haruguru by’uko yari Mesiya. Pasika yo mu mwaka wa 32 I.C. yarabaye irarangira. Hari benshi bari baramwizeye ariko bari bararetse kumukurikira bitewe n’ibitotezo, gukunda ubutunzi cyangwa imihangayiko y’ubuzima. Abandi bashobora kuba bari mu rujijo cyangwa se bakumva baratengushywe bitewe n’uko Yesu yanze ko abaturage bamugira umwami. Igihe abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi bamurwanyaga, yanze kubaha ikimenyetso kivuye mu ijuru cyo kwihesha ikuzo (Matayo 12:38, 39). Kuba yaranze gutanga ikimenyetso, bishobora kuba byarateye bamwe urujijo. Byongeye kandi, Yesu yatangiye kubwira abigishwa ikintu cyabagoye kucyiyumvisha: yababwiye “ko akwiriye kujya i Yerusalemu, akababazwa uburyo bwinshi n’abakuru n’abatambyi bakuru n’abanditsi, akicwa.”—Matayo 16:21-23.

¹⁰ Hari hasigaye hafi amezi icyenda cyangwa icumi, kugira ngo igihe cya Yesu cyo “kuva mu isi agasubira kuri Se” gisohore (Yohana 13:1). Kubera ko Yesu yari ahangayikishijwe cyane n’uko abigishwa be b’indahemuka bazamera, yasezeranyije bamwe muri bo kubaha ikintu yari yarimye Abayahudi batizeraga: yari agiye kubaha ikimenyetso kivuye mu ijuru. Yesu arababwira ati “ndababwira ukuri yuko muri aba bahagaze hano harimo bamwe batazapfa, kugeza ubwo bazabona Umwana w’umuntu aziye mu bwami bwe” (Matayo 16:28). Uko bigaragara, Yesu ntiyashakaga kuvuga ko mu bigishwa be hari abari kuzakomeza kubaho kugeza igihe Ubwami bwa kimesiya bwari kuzimikirwa mu mwaka wa 1914. Yesu yateganyaga kuzafata abigishwa be batatu akunda cyane akabereka mu buryo butangaje umusogongero w’ikuzo yari kuzagira mu Bwami bwe. Iryo yerekwa ryitwa guhindura isura kwa Yesu.

11. Vuga uko iyerekwa ryo guhindura isura kwa Yesu ryagenze.

¹¹ Hashize iminsi itandatu, Yesu yafashe Petero, Yakobo na Yohana bazamukana umusozi muremure, bakaba bashobora kuba baragiye mu mpinga y’umusozi Herumoni. Bagezeyo, Yesu “ahindurirwa imbere yabo, mu maso he harabagirana nk’izuba, imyenda ye yera nk’umucyo.” Abahanuzi Mose na Eliya na bo bagaragaye baganira na Yesu. Ibyo bintu bihambaye bishobora kuba byarabaye nijoro kugira ngo birusheho kugaragara neza. Kandi koko, Petero we yabonaga iryo atari iyerekwa gusa ahubwo ari abantu nyabantu bari bahagaze aho, ku buryo yasabye kuhaca ingando eshatu, iya Yesu,  iya Mose n’iya Eliya. Mu gihe Petero yari akivuga, igicu kirabagirana cyarabakingirije maze ijwi rikivugiramo riti “nguyu Umwana wanjye nkunda nkamwishimira, mumwumvire.”—Matayo 17:1-6.

12, 13. Ni izihe ngaruka iyerekwa ryo guhindura isura kwa Yesu ryagize ku bigishwa be, kandi kuki?

¹² Ni iby’ukuri ko Petero yari aherutse kwemeza ko Yesu ari “Kristo, Umwana w’Imana ihoraho” (Matayo 16:16). Ariko noneho tekereza ko biyumviye Imana ubwayo itanga ubuhamya bwayo, ikemeza Umwana wayo wasizwe uwo ari we kandi ikagaragaza n’uruhare rwe! Koko rero, iyerekwa ryo guhindura isura kwa Yesu ryakomeje ukwizera kwa Petero, Yakobo na Yohana. Kubera ko ukwizera kwabo kwari kumaze gukomezwa gutyo, bari biteguye neza kuzahangana n’ibyo bari kuzanyuramo, no kuzasohoza neza inshingano zikomeye bari kuzagira mu itorero.

¹³ Abigishwa ntibigeze bibagirwa ibyo babonye igihe Yesu yahinduraga isura. Hashize imyaka isaga 30 nyuma y’aho, Petero yaranditse ati “[Yesu] yahawe n’Imana Data wa twese ishimwe n’icyubahiro, ubwo ijwi ryavugiraga mu bwiza bukomeye cyane rimubwira riti ‘nguyu Umwana wanjye nkunda nkamwishimira.’ Iryo jwi twaryumvise rivugira mu ijuru, ubwo twari kumwe na we kuri wa musozi wera” (2 Petero 1:17, 18). Yohana na we iryo yerekwa ryamukoze ku mutima cyane. Hashize imyaka isaga 60 ribaye, uko bigaragara ni ryo yashakaga kuvuga igihe yandikaga ati ‘twabonye ubwiza bwe busa n’ubw’Umwana w’ikinege wa Se’ (Yohana 1:14). Icyakora, iyerekwa ryo guhindura isura kwa Yesu si ryo rya nyuma abigishwa be babonye.

Indahemuka z’Imana zakomeje guhabwa ibisobanuro

14, 15. Ni mu buhe buryo intumwa Yohana yagumyeho kugeza aho Yesu yaziye?

¹⁴ Yesu amaze kuzuka yabonekeye abigishwa be abasanze ku Nyanja ya Galilaya. Aho ngaho ni ho yabwiriye Petero ati “niba nshaka ko [Yohana] agumaho kugeza aho nzazira, upfa iki?” (Yohana 21:1, 20-22, 24). Mbese ayo magambo yagaragazaga ko intumwa Yohana yari kuzarama akarusha izindi ntumwa? Uko bigaragara ni uko bimeze kubera ko yamaze indi myaka igera kuri 70 akorera Yehova mu budahemuka. Icyakora, amagambo ya Yesu akubiyemo ikindi kintu.

¹⁵ Amagambo ngo “kugeza aho nzazira” atwibutsa igihe Yesu yavugaga iby’igihe ‘Umwana w’umuntu azazira mu bwami bwe’ (Matayo 16:28). Yohana yakomeje kubaho kugeza aho Yesu yaziye mu buryo bw’uko nyuma y’aho Yohana yabonye mu iyerekwa ry’ubuhanuzi Yesu aje mu Bwami bwe. Mu marembera y’ubuzima bwa Yohana, igihe yari yaraciriwe ku kirwa cya Patimo, yahawe Ibyahishuwe bikubiyemo ibimenyetso byose by’ubuhanuzi bitangaje by’ibintu byari kuzaba “ku munsi w’Umwami wacu.” Ibintu bitangaje cyane Yohana yabonye mu iyerekwa byamukoze ku mutima cyane ku buryo igihe Yesu yavugaga ati “yee, ndaza vuba,” Yohana yahise avuga ati “Amen, ngwino Mwami Yesu.”—Ibyahishuwe 1:1, 10; 22:20.

16. Kuki ari iby’ingenzi ko dukomeza gushimangira ukwizera kwacu?

¹⁶ Abantu b’imitima itaryarya bariho mu kinyejana cya mbere bemeye ko Yesu yari Mesiya, kandi baramwizera. Abizeye bari bakeneye gukomezwa kubera ko bari bakikijwe n’abantu batizeraga, bakaba bari bafite umurimo bagombaga kuzakora kandi hari n’ibigeragezo byari  bibategereje. Yesu yahaye abigishwa be b’indahemuka ibihamya bihagije by’uko yari Mesiya kandi abereka n’ibintu byinshi by’ubuhanuzi mu iyerekwa byatumye barushaho gusobanukirwa kandi bibatera inkunga. Muri iki gihe, tugeze kure mu “munsi w’Umwami.” Vuba aha, Kristo azarimbura isi mbi ya Satani yose iyo iva ikagera, maze arokore ubwoko bw’Imana. Natwe tugomba gukomeza ukwizera kwacu twungukirwa mu buryo bwuzuye n’ibyo Yehova aduteganyiriza ngo turusheho kugubwa neza mu buryo bw’umwuka.

Bararinzwe mu gihe cy’umwijima no mu makuba

17, 18. Ni irihe tandukaniro rikomeye ryari hagati y’abigishwa ba Yesu bo mu kinyejana cya mbere n’abarwanyaga umugambi w’Imana, kandi se byagendekeye bite ayo matsinda yombi?

¹⁷ Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Yesu, intumwa zumviye itegeko rye ryo guhamya ibye zifite ubutwari “i Yerusalemu n’i Yudaya yose n’i Samariya, no kugeza ku mpera y’isi” (Ibyakozwe 1:8). N’ubwo itorero rya gikristo ryari rikimara gushingwa ryagiye rirwanywa cyane, Yehova yarihaye umugisha risobanukirwa ibintu byo mu buryo bw’umwuka kandi rigira n’abigishwa bashya benshi.—Ibyakozwe 2:47; 4:1-31; 8:1-8.

¹⁸ Ku rundi ruhande ariko, ibyiringiro by’abarwanyaga ubutumwa bwiza byagendaga birushaho kuba umwijima. Mu Migani 4:19 hagira hati “inzira y’abanyabyaha ni nk’umwijima, ntibazi ikibasitaza.” Uwo ‘mwijima’ warushijeho kuba icuraburindi mu mwaka wa 66 I.C., igihe ingabo z’Abaroma zagotaga Yerusalemu. Abaroma barikubuye baragenda ari nta mpamvu igaragara ibibateye, ariko nyuma y’aho mu mwaka wa 70 I.C., baragarutse basakiza uwo mujyi. Nk’uko umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuyahudi witwaga Josèphe yabivuze, Abayahudi basaga miriyoni barahaguye. Ariko Abakristo bizerwa bo bararokotse. Kubera iki? Kubera ko igihe abasirikare bari baragose i Yerusalemu bwa mbere bahavaga, Abakristo bumviye itegeko rya Yesu barahunga.—Luka 21:20-22.

19, 20. (a) Kuki abagize ubwoko bw’Imana batagomba gutinya ko iyi si igiye kurimbuka? (b) Ni ubuhe bumenyi buhambaye Yehova yahaye abagize ubwoko bwe mu myaka mirongo yabanjirije umwaka wa 1914?

¹⁹ Natwe turi mu mimerere nk’iyo. Umubabaro ukomeye wegereje uzatuma isi mbi ya Satani iyo iva ikagera irimbuka. Ariko abagize ubwoko bw’Imana ntibazatinya kuko Yesu yabasezeranyije ati “dore ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose kugeza ku mperuka y’isi” (Matayo 28:20). Kugira ngo Yesu akomeze ukwizera kw’abigishwa be kandi abategurire kuzahangana n’ibyari bibategereje, yabahaye umusogongero w’ikuzo azagira ari Umwami wa Kimesiya mu ijuru. Byifashe bite muri iki gihe? Mu mwaka wa 1914, uwo musogongero wabaye impamo. Kandi koko wakomeje cyane abagize ubwoko bw’Imana. Utuma abagaragu ba Yehova bagira ibyiringiro bihebuje by’igihe kizaza, kandi bakomeje kugenda basobanukirwa iby’uwo musogongero wabaye impamo. Muri iyi si igenda irushaho kwinjira mu mwijima, “inzira y’umukiranutsi ni nk’umuseke utambitse, ugakomeza gukura ukageza ku manywa y’ihangu.”—Imigani 4:18.

²⁰ Ndetse na mbere y’umwaka wa 1914, itsinda rito ry’Abakristo basizwe ryari ryaratangiye gusobanukirwa ukuri kw’ingenzi guhereranye no kugaruka k’Umwami. Urugero, basobanukiwe ko ari ukugaruka kutagaragarira amaso, nk’uko abamarayika babiri babonekeye abigishwa babikomojeho, igihe Yesu yari azamutse asubira mu ijuru mu mwaka wa  33 I.C. Igicu kimaze gukingiriza abigishwa ba Yesu ntibongere kumubona, abamarayika barababwiye bati ‘Yesu ubakuwemo akazamurwa mu ijuru, azaza atyo nk’uko mumubonye ajya mu ijuru.’—Ibyakozwe 1:9-11.

21. Ni iki tuzasuzuma mu gice gikurikira?

²¹ Abigishwa b’indahemuka ba Yesu ni bo bonyine bamubonye agenda. Kimwe n’igihe yahinduraga isura, nta bantu benshi babibonye; ndetse ahubwo abantu muri rusange bo ntibamenye ko byanabayeho. Ni na ko byagenze igihe Kristo yagarukaga afite ububasha bw’Ubwami (Yohana 14:19). Abigishwa basizwe b’indahemuka ni bo bonyine bari kuzamenya ko ahari ari Umwami. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzareba ukuntu ubwo bumenyi bwari kuzabagiraho ingaruka zikomeye, bugatuma hakorakoranywa abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bazaba abayoboke ba Yesu bo ku isi.—Ibyahishuwe 7:9, 14.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

Mbese uribuka?

• Igihe Yesu yashinjwaga ko yica Isabato kandi agatuka Imana, ni ikihe gihamya yatanze cy’uko ari Mesiya?

• Ni gute abigishwa ba mbere ba Yesu bungukiwe n’iyerekwa ryo guhindura isura kwe?

• Ni iki Yesu yashakaga kuvuga igihe yavugaga ko Yohana yari kuzagumaho kugeza aho yari kuzazira?

• Mu mwaka wa 1914, ni uwuhe musogongero wabaye impamo?

[Ibibazo]

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 10]

Yesu yatanze ibihamya by’uko ari Mesiya w’ukuri

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 12]

Iyerekwa ryo guhindura isura kwa Yesu ryakomeje ukwizera

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 13]

Yohana yagumyeho kugeza aho Yesu ‘yaziye’