“Pimu” ni igihamya kigaragaza ko Bibiliya ihuza n’ibyo amateka avuga

MU GIHE cy’ubutegetsi bw’Umwami Sawuli, Abisirayeli bagombaga kujya gutyarisha ibikoresho byabo by’ibyuma mu bacuzi b’Abafilisitiya. Bibiliya Ntagatifu ivuga ko “uko gutyaza kwarihishwaga bibiri bya gatatu bya sikeli ku muhoro, intorezo, amasuka, maze bigasubirana ubugi bwabyo.”—1 Samweli 13:21.

Ijambo ry’umwimerere ry’Igiheburayo ryahinduwemo “bibiri bya gatatu bya sikeli” muri uwo murongo, ni pimu kandi riboneka incuro imwe gusa muri Bibiliya. Ariko se pimu yari iki? Igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo cyakomeje kuba amayobera kugeza mu mwaka wa 1907 I.C., ubwo ibuye rya mbere rya pimu ryakoreshwaga mu gupima uburemere, ryatabururwaga mu mujyi wa kera wa Gezeri. Guhindura iryo jambo “pimu” byagoye cyane abahinduzi ba Bibiliya bo mu bihe bya kera. Urugero nka Bibiliya Yera, yahinduye 1 Samweli 13:21 igira iti “ariko bari bafite ityazo ryo gutyazaho imihoro n’amasuka, n’ingobe n’intorezo, n’iryo gutyaza ibihosho.”

Intiti zo muri iki gihe zizi ko pimu yari igipimo cy’uburemere cyapimaga hafi garama 7,82, cyangwa bibiri bya gatatu bya shekeli, yari ikinyabumwe cy’ifatizo mu ngero z’uburemere mu Baheburayo. Ibice bya shekeli bingana na pimu imwe ni byo byari ikiguzi Abafilisitiya bacaga Abisirayeli kugira ngo babatyarize ibikoresho. Uko gupima uburemere hakoreshejwe shekeli byarangiranye n’irimbuka ry’ubwami bw’u Buyuda n’umurwa mukuru wabwo Yerusalemu mu mwaka wa 607 M.I.C. Ku bw’ibyo se, ni gute pimu ari igihamya kigaragaza ko umwandiko w’Igiheburayo uhuza n’ibyo amateka avuga?

Hari intiti zivuga ko umwandiko w’Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo, hakubiyemo n’igitabo cya 1 Samweli, wanditswe mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Abagiriki n’ubw’Abaroma, ndetse ko ari ukuva mu kinyejana cya kabiri kugeza mu kinyejana cya mbere M.I.C. Bavuga rero ko Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo “bidahuje n’‘ibivugwa mu mateka,’ ko usanga bifite agaciro gake cyangwa nta na ko mu kugaragaza amateka nyayo yaranze ‘Isirayeli ivugwa muri Bibiliya’ cyangwa ‘Isirayeli ya kera’; ko ibyo byose ari ibintu byahimbwe n’Abayahudi hamwe n’Abakristo bo mu gihe cya vuba aha.”

Icyakora, ku bihereranye n’igipimo cy’uburemere cyitwa pimu kivugwa muri 1 Samweli 13:21, William G. Dever, umwarimu wo mu ishami ryigisha ubumenyi bw’abantu n’ibyataburuwe mu matongo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, yagize ati “ntibishobora kuba byarahimbwe n’abanditsi babayeho mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Abagiriki n’ubw’Abaroma, nyuma y’ibinyejana byinshi byari bishize ibyo bipimo by’uburemere bizimangatanye kandi byibagiranye. Mu by’ukuri, ako gace gato k’umwandiko wa Bibiliya. . . . ntikashoboye gusobanuka kugeza mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20 [mu Mwaka w’Umwami Wacu], igihe havumburwaga ibihamya bya mbere bifatika byataburuwe mu matongo by’inyandiko ziriho ijambo pîm ryanditse mu Giheburayo.” Uwo mwarimu akomeza agira ati “niba inkuru zo muri Bibiliya zose ‘zarahimbwe’ mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Abagiriki n’ubw’Abaroma, iyo nkuru yihariye yaje kugera ite mu mwandiko wa Bibiliya w’Igiheburayo? Birumvikana ko hari ushobora guhakana avuga ko pîm ari ‘akantu gato gusa katagize icyo kavuze.’ Ibyo ni ukuri; ariko nk’uko bisanzwe bizwi, ‘amateka aba agizwe n’utwo tuntu duto duto.’”

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 29]

Igipimo cy’uburemere cya pimu cyari hafi bibiri bya gatatu bya shekeli