Kubwiriza mu gihugu Abakristo ba mbere babwirijemo bakabona umusaruro

U BUTALIYANI, umwigimbakirwa ufite ishusho imeze nk’iy’urukweto rwa botini uri mu Nyanja ya Mediterane, bwagize uruhare rukomeye mu mateka y’isi, haba mu rwego rw’idini no mu by’umuco. Bukurura ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera imiterere y’uturere twaho, ibihangano by’ubugeni byaho bizwi cyane n’ibyokurya byaho biryoshye. Ni n’igihugu usanga umurimo wo kwigisha Bibiliya ukomeza gutera imbere.

Ubukristo bw’ukuri bushobora kuba bwarageze i Roma, umurwa mukuru w’ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bw’isi bw’icyo gihe, ubwo Abayahudi n’abanyamahanga bari barahindukiriye idini ry’Abayahudi bahindutse Abakristo kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C. basubiraga iwabo bavuye i Yerusalemu. Ahagana mu mwaka wa 59 I.C., intumwa Pawulo yasuye u Butaliyani ku ncuro ya mbere. Ageze mu mudugudu wa Puteyoli wari hafi y’inyanja, ‘yahasanze bene Data bamwe.’—Ibyakozwe 2:5-11; 28:11-16.

Mbere y’uko ikinyejana cya mbere I.C. kirangira, abahakanyi bari baratangiye kugenda batandukira amahame ya gikristo, nk’uko byari byarahanuwe na Yesu n’intumwa ze. Ariko rero, abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu bakomeje kuyobora umurimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza ku isi hose, hakubiyemo no mu Butaliyani, mbere y’uko iherezo ry’iyi si mbi rigera.—Matayo 13:36-43; Ibyakozwe 20:29, 30; 2 Abatesalonike 2:3-8; 2 Petero 2:1-3.

Intangiriro idatanga icyizere

Mu mwaka wa 1891, Charles Taze Russell wari uhagarariye umurimo wo kubwiriza ku isi hose wakorwaga n’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya (nk’uko Abahamya ba Yehova bitwaga icyo gihe), yasuye ku ncuro ya mbere imijyi imwe n’imwe y’u Butaliyani. Yivugiye ko ingaruka z’umurimo yakoreye muri icyo gihugu zitatangaga icyizere agira ati “nta kintu dushobora guheraho tuvuga ko hari umusaruro tuzabona mu Butaliyani.” Mu rugaryi rw’umwaka wa 1910, Umuvandimwe Russell yasubiye mu Butaliyani maze ahatanga disikuru ishingiye kuri Bibiliya, mu nzu y’imikino yari iri mu mujyi wa Roma rwagati. Ingaruka zabaye izihe? Yagize ati “muri rusange, umubare w’abaje muri iryo teraniro ntiwari uteye inkunga.”

Koko rero, mu mizo ya mbere umurimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza mu Butaliyani warakorwaga ariko ntihabe ukwiyongera, ahanini bitewe n’uko Abahamya ba Yehova barwanywaga n’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bwa Fascisme. Muri icyo gihe, Abahamya ba Yehova bari muri icyo gihugu ntibari barenze 150, abenshi muri bo bakaba bari baramenye ukuri kwa Bibiliya binyuriye kuri bene wabo cyangwa incuti zabo babaga mu mahanga.

Ukwiyongera gutangaje

Nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, hari abamisiyonari boherejwe mu Butaliyani. Ariko nk’uko byagaragajwe n’inzandiko zari zarabitswe mu madosiye y’ubutegetsi, abantu bo mu nzego zo hejuru b’i Vatikani basabye leta ko yakwirukana abo bamisiyonari. Abamisiyonari bose basabwe kuva muri icyo gihugu uretse bake cyane.

N’ubwo hariho inzitizi nyinshi, abantu benshi bo mu Butaliyani batangiye kwisukiranya ku  “musozi” ugereranya gahunda yo gusenga Yehova (Yesaya 2:2-4). Umubare w’Abahamya wariyongereye mu buryo butangaje. Mu mwaka wa 2004, umubare w’ababwiriza wageraga ku 233.527, ni ukuvuga umubwiriza umwe ku baturage 248, kandi ku Rwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Kristo hateranye abantu 433.242. Hariho amatorero y’Abahamya ba Yehova agera ku 3.049, ateranira mu Mazu y’Ubwami meza cyane. Mu bihe bya vuba aha, hari amatsinda amwe n’amwe y’abantu yagize ukwiyongera gushishikaje.

Kubwiriza mu ndimi nyinshi

Mu Butaliyani hari abimukira benshi baturuka muri Afurika, muri Aziya no mu Burayi bw’i Burasirazuba, bajyanwayo no gushaka akazi, uko babaho neza kurushaho cyangwa rimwe na rimwe bahunze imimerere y’akaga iba ibugarije. Ni gute abo bantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bashobora gufashwa mu buryo bw’umwuka?

Abahamya benshi bo mu Butaliyani bemeye guhangana n’ingorane zo kwiga indimi zikomeye, urugero nk’ururimi rwa Amharique, Cinghalais, Icyalubaniya, Icyarabu, Igipunjabi, Igishinwa, Ikibengali na Tagalog. Kuva mu mwaka wa 2001, abo babyitangiye bahawe amasomo y’indimi yo kubigisha uko babwiriza mu ndimi z’amahanga. Mu myaka itatu ishize, hatanzwe amasomo nk’ayo mu ndimi 17, mu byiciro 79, yakurikiranywe n’Abahamya bagera ku 3.711. Ibyo byatumye amatorero 146 n’amatsinda 274 ashingwa kandi arakomezwa. Yose hamwe akoresha indimi 25. Muri ubwo buryo, abantu benshi b’imitima itaryarya bashoboye kumva ubutumwa bwiza maze batangira kwiga Bibiliya. Akenshi, byagiye bigira ingaruka zihebuje.

Hari Umuhamya wa Yehova wabwiye Georges, umugabo ukomoka mu Buhindi uvuga ururimi rwa Malayalam, ibihereranye na Bibiliya. N’ubwo Georges yari afite ibibazo bikomeye birebana n’akazi, yemeye kuyoborerwa icyigisho cya Bibiliya. Iminsi mike nyuma y’aho, umugabo w’Umuhindi w’incuti ya Georges witwa Gil, uvuga Igipunjabi, yagiye ku Nzu y’Ubwami maze atangira kuyoborerwa icyigisho cya Bibiliya. Gil yeretse Abahamya umugabo w’Umuhindi witwa Dawidi uvuga ururimi rwa Télougou. Dawidi na we yahise atangira kwiga Bibiliya. Dawidi yabanaga n’abandi bagabo babiri b’Abahindi, ari bo Sonny na Shubash. Bombi batangiye kwifatanya na we mu kwiga Bibiliya.

Ibyumweru runaka nyuma y’aho, Abahamya bagiye kumva bumva umugabo witwa Dalip, uvuga ururimi rwa Marathe, araterefonnye. Yagize ati “ndi incuti ya Georges. Ese mushobora kunyigisha Bibiliya?” Hanyuma undi witwa Sumit uvuga ururimi rwa Tamoul na we yasabye kuyoborerwa icyigisho. Nyuma y’aho, hari indi ncuti ya Georges yaterefonnye na yo isaba kuyoborerwa icyigisho cya Bibiliya. Nanone, Georges yazanye undi musore witwa Max ku Nzu y’Ubwami. Na we yasabye kuyoborerwa icyigisho. Kugeza ubu, hari abantu batandatu bayoborerwa icyigisho cya Bibiliya, n’abandi bane bagiye gutangira kuyoborerwa. Bayoborerwa mu Cyongereza, n’ubwo hakoreshwa n’ibitabo byanditswe mu rurimi rw’Igihindi, urwa Malayalam, urwa Marathe, urw’Igipunjabi, urwa Tamoul, urwa Télougou n’urwa Ourdou.

Ibipfamatwi “byumva” ubutumwa bwiza

Mu Butaliyani hari abantu b’ibipfamatwi basaga 90.000. Mu myaka ya za 70 rwagati, Abahamya batangiye kureba ukuntu bashobora kubigisha ukuri kwa Bibiliya. Mu mizo ya mbere, bamwe mu Bahamya b’ibipfamatwi bigishije ururimi rw’amarenga rw’Igitaliyani ababwiriza bari biteguye gufasha muri uwo murimo. Ibyo byatumye abantu b’ibipfamatwi benshi kurushaho batangira gushimishwa na Bibiliya. Muri iki gihe, hari abantu basaga 1.400 bakoresha ururimi rw’amarenga bifatanya mu materaniro ya gikristo. Hari amatorero cumi n’atanu n’amatsinda  52 agira amateraniro mu rurimi rw’amarenga rw’Igitaliyani.

Mu mizo ya mbere, umurimo wo kubwiriza ibipfamatwi wakorwaga ahanini n’Abahamya babaga babyibwirije. Ariko mu mwaka wa 1978, ibiro by’ishami by’Abahamya ba Yehova byo mu Butaliyani byatangiye gutegura amakoraniro agenewe ibipfamatwi. Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi k’uwo mwaka, hatangajwe ko mu ikoraniro mpuzamahanga ryari ryegereje ryari kubera mu mujyi wa Milan hari kubamo porogaramu igenewe ibipfamatwi. Muri Gashyantare 1979, habayeho ikoraniro ry’akarere rya mbere rigenewe ibipfamatwi, ryabereye mu Nzu y’ikoraniro y’i Milan.

Uhereye icyo gihe, ibiro by’ishami byakomeje kwita cyane ku kuntu ibipfamatwi byabona ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka, bitera ababwiriza bagendaga barushaho kwiyongera inkunga yo kongera ubuhanga bwabo muri urwo rurimi. Kuva mu mwaka wa 1995, abapayiniya ba bwite (ababwiriza b’igihe cyose) bagiye boherezwa mu matsinda amwe n’amwe kugira ngo batoze Abahamya b’ibipfamatwi mu bihereranye n’umurimo wo kubwiriza kandi bayobore amateraniro ya gikristo. Hari Amazu y’amakoraniro atatu afite ibyuma bya videwo bigezweho bituma porogaramu irushaho kugaragara neza. Hari na za kaseti videwo ziriho ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya birimo ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka byateguriwe ibipfamatwi.

Abantu bazi kwitegereza babonye ko Abahamya bita cyane ku byo ibipfamatwi bikeneye mu buryo bw’umwuka. Hari ikinyamakuru cyandikwa n’Umuryango wo mu Butaliyani wita ku bipfamatwi cyasubiyemo amagambo yari ari mu ibaruwa cyohererejwe na musenyeri w’Umugatolika, agira ati “kuba igipfamatwi biragoye kubera ko igipfamatwi kiba gikeneye ko bahora bacyitaho. Urugero, cyigeza ku kiliziya nta ngorane, ariko kiba gikeneye ugisemurira kugira ngo gikurikire ibisomwa byose, ibivugwa cyangwa indirimbo ziririmbwa mu gihe cya misa.” Icyo kinyamakuru cyongeyeho ko uwo musenyeri “avuga ko ikibabaje ari uko kiliziya ititeguye gufasha ibyo bimuga, maze agaragaza ko abantu benshi b’ibipfamatwi bitabwaho cyane mu Mazu  y’Ubwami y’Abahamya ba Yehova kurusha uko bitabwaho kuri za paruwasi.”—P@role & Segni.

Ubutumwa bwiza bubwirizwa muri gereza

Ese umuntu yaba ari muri gereza kandi akagira umudendezo? Yego rwose, kubera ko Ijambo ry’Imana rifite imbaraga zo ‘kubatura’ abantu baryemera kandi bakarishyira mu bikorwa. Yesu yabwiye “imbohe” ubutumwa bw’uko zari kubohorwa zikavanwa mu bubata bw’icyaha n’ubw’idini ry’ikinyoma (Yohana 8:32; Luka 4:16-19). Mu Butaliyani, umurimo wo kubwiriza muri za gereza ugira ingaruka nziza cyane. Ababwiriza b’Abahamya ba Yehova bagera hafi kuri 400 bahawe na Leta uruhushya rwo gusura imfungwa kugira ngo bazifashe mu buryo bw’umwuka. Uretse Abagatolika, Abahamya ba Yehova ni ryo dini rya mbere ryahawe urwo ruhushya.

Ubutumwa bwa Bibiliya bushobora gukwirakwizwa mu buryo umuntu atari yiteze. Imfungwa zibwira izindi ibihereranye n’umurimo wo kwigisha Bibiliya ukorwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova. Ibyo byatumye zimwe muri izo mfungwa zisaba ko hagira Umuhamya uzisura. Hari n’ubwo bamwe mu bagize imiryango y’izo mfungwa batangiye kwiga Bibiliya bazitera inkunga yo gusaba ko Abahamya bazisura. Zimwe mu mfungwa zakatiwe igifungo cya burundu kubera ubwicanyi cyangwa ibindi byaha bikomeye zakoze, zarihannye maze zigira ihinduka rigaragara. Ibyo bituma baba abantu biteguye kwiyegurira Yehova Imana no kubatizwa.

Muri za gereza zimwe na zimwe, hakozwe gahunda yo gutanga ibiganiro mbwirwaruhame bishingiye kuri Bibiliya, kwizihiza Urwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Yesu no kwerekana za kaseti videwo zishingiye kuri Bibiliya zikorwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova. Hari imfungwa nyinshi ziza muri ayo materaniro.

Kugira ngo Abahamya bafashe mu buryo bugaragara abantu baba muri za gereza, bagiye babaha amagazeti menshi akubiyemo ingingo zishobora kubafasha. Imwe muri ayo magazeti ni Réveillez-vous ! yo ku itariki ya 8 Gicurasi 2001, yari ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Un détenu peut-il se réformer ?” (Mbese imfungwa zishobora kugororwa?). Iyo ku itariki ya 8 Mata 2003 yagiraga iti “Votre enfant se drogue: que faire ?” (Ni iki mwakora mu gihe umwana wanyu yasabitswe n’ibiyobyabwenge?) Imfungwa zahawe kopi z’ayo magazeti zibarirwa mu bihumbi. Ibyo byatumye hayoborwa ibyigisho bya Bibiliya bibarirwa mu magana. Bamwe mu barinzi ba gereza na bo bashimishijwe n’ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya.

Imfungwa yitwa Costantino yahawe uruhushya rudasanzwe n’abayobozi ba gereza maze ijya kubatirizwa mu Nzu y’Ubwami y’i San Remo, hari Abahamya 138 bo muri ako karere. Nyuma yo kubatizwa, Costantino yavuganye ibyishimo ati “numvise nitaweho cyane birenze urugero.” Ikinyamakuru cyo muri ako karere cyagaragaje amagambo yavuzwe n’umurinzi wa gereza agira ati “twamuhaye uruhushya . . . twishimye cyane. Ikintu cyose gishobora gufasha imfungwa kugira ihinduka muri kamere yayo, mu mibanire yayo n’abandi no mu buryo bw’umwuka, cyagombye kwitabwaho.” Umugore wa Costantino n’umukobwa we batangajwe no kubona ukuntu ubumenyi nyakuri bwa Bibiliya bwatumye Costantino agira ihinduka. Bagize bati “twumva dutewe ishema n’ihinduka yagize. Yabaye umuntu w’umunyamahoro, kandi yarushijeho kutwitaho. Twongeye kumugirira icyizere no kumwubaha.” Na bo batangiye kwiga Bibiliya no kujya mu materaniro ya gikristo.

Sergio yashinjwaga ibyaha by’ubujura, ibyo kwiba yitwaje intwaro, gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge n’ubwicanyi maze akatirwa igifungo cyo kugeza mu mwaka wa 2024. Sergio yamaze imyaka itatu yiga Ibyanditswe kandi agira ihinduka, hanyuma  aza gufata icyemezo cyo kubatizwa. Yabaye imfungwa ya 15 yo muri gereza ya Porto Azzuro, ku kirwa cya Elba, yabatijwe ikaba Umuhamya wa Yehova. Igihe yabatizwaga hari n’izindi mfungwa zari zaje guterana, abatirizwa mu kintu kimeze nk’umuvure munini bari bateretse mu kibuga cy’imikino cya gereza.

Leonardo wakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 20 yahawe uruhushya rudasanzwe rwo kujya kubatirizwa mu Nzu y’Ubwami y’i Parma. Igihe yabazwaga n’ikinyamakuru cyo muri ako karere, yavuze ko yashatse “kugaragaza ko yiyemeje kuba umwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova, atari ukugira ngo abone uko ava mu buroko, ahubwo ari ukugira ngo abone ibintu byo mu buryo bw’umwuka yari akeneye cyane.” Leonardo yagize ati “mu gukora ibikorwa bibi nari uwa mbere, ariko ubu narabiretse. Nagize ihinduka, n’ubwo byafashe igihe runaka. Ni ngombwa ko nkomeza gukora ibitunganye.”

Salvatore yashinjwe icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, akaba afungiwe muri gereza irinzwe cyane y’i Spoleto. Yabatirijwe muri gereza, kandi kuba yarabatijwe byatangaje abantu benshi. Umurinzi w’iyo gereza yagize ati “ikintu cyose gishobora gutuma umuntu abana neza n’abandi cyagombye gushyigikirwa ku bw’inyungu z’abari muri gereza n’abandi bantu bose muri rusange.” Bitewe n’ihinduka Salvatore yagize, ubu umugore we n’umukobwa we bifatanya mu materaniro y’Abahamya ba Yehova. Hari imfungwa Salvatore yabwirije yabatijwe iba umugaragu wa Yehova.

U Butaliyani ni kimwe mu bihugu Abakristo ba mbere bari biganjemo (Ibyakozwe 2:10; Abaroma 1:7). Muri iki gihe cy’isarura, mu turere nyir’izina Pawulo na bagenzi be b’Abakristo babwirijemo ubutumwa bwiza bafite ishyaka hakomeje kuba amajyambere yo mu buryo bw’umwuka no kwaguka k’umurimo.—Ibyakozwe 23:11; 28:14-16.

[Ikarita yo ku ipaji ya 13]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu Munara w’Umurinzi)

U BUTALIYANI

Roma

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 15]

Inzu y’ikoraniro y’i Bitonto n’itorero ry’i Roma rikoresha ururimi rw’amarenga rw’Igitaliyani

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 16]

Imfungwa ‘zirabaturwa’ n’ukuri kwa Bibiliya

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 17]

Ukwiyongera ko mu buryo bw’umwuka gukomeje kugaragara mu gihugu Abakristo ba mbere bari barabwirijemo bakabona umusaruro