Ijambo rya Yehova risagamba mu “Gihugu cya Kagoma”

MU RURIMI rw’Abanyalubaniya, igihugu cyabo cyitwa “Igihugu cya Kagoma.” Icyo gihugu giteganye n’Inyanja ya Adiriya kiri mu mwigimbakirwa wa Balkan, hagati y’u Bugiriki n’icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya. N’ubwo inkomoko y’Abanyalubaniya ivugwaho byinshi, abahanga benshi mu by’amateka bemera ko Abanyalubaniya ndetse n’ururimi rwabo byakomotse ku baturage bahoze batuye kera mu karere ka Iluriko. Hari igitabo kivuga ko batuye muri ako karere kuva mu mwaka wa 2000 M.I.C.—The Encyclopædia Britannica.

Ubwiza nyaburanga bwa Alubaniya bugizwe n’imisozi miremire ihanamye iri mu majyaruguru, hakaba n’inkombe ngari zo mu majyepfo ku Nyanja ya Adiriya, ziriho umucanga w’umweru. Ariko rero ubwiza bw’icyo gihugu buruta ubundi bwose, ni abaturage baho. Ni abantu bagira urugwiro, bakunda kwakira abashyitsi, usanga basusurutse, bakunda kuvuga icyo batekereza, bafata vuba kandi bakagaragaza ibitekerezo byabo bakora ibimenyetso by’umubiri.

Basuwe n’umumisiyonari wari uzwi cyane

Nta gushidikanya, kamere ishimishije y’abantu bo muri icyo gihugu n’ubwiza nyaburanga bwaho,  byashishikaje intumwa Pawulo ubu hakaba hashize ibinyejana byinshi. Ahagana mu mwaka wa 56 I.C., iyo ntumwa yari yarakoze ingendo nyinshi yaranditse iti ‘nasohoje ubutumwa bwiza bwa Kristo kugera muri Iluriko’ (Abaroma 15:19). Akarere k’amajyepfo ya Iluriko muri iki gihe gaherereye muri Alubaniya rwagati no mu majyaruguru yayo. Ibyo Pawulo yabyanditse ari i Korinto ho mu Bugiriki, mu majyepfo ya Iluriko. Kuba yaravuze ko yabwirije mu buryo bunonosoye ‘kugera muri Iluriko,’ bigaragaza ko yaba yaragiye akagera ku mupaka w’ako karere cyangwa akaba yarinjiye muri ako karere. Uko byaba byaragenze kose, yabwirije mu karere ubu kari mu majyepfo ya Alubaniya. Ubwo rero, umuntu yavuga ko umurimo wo kubwiriza iby’Ubwami wakozwe kera cyane muri Alubaniya wakozwe na Pawulo.

Imyaka yarahise indi irataha. Ubwami butandukanye bwagiye bujyaho nyuma bukavaho. Ako gahugu gato ko mu Burayi kagiye gategekwa n’ibihugu by’ibihangange bitandukanye, kugeza aho Alubaniya iboneye ubwigenge mu mwaka wa 1912. Nyuma y’imyaka hafi icumi, ijambo rivuga iby’Ubwami bwa Yehova ryongeye kumvikana muri Alubaniya.

Intangiriro ishishikaje muri iki gihe

Mu myaka ya za 20, Abanyalubaniya bamwe na bamwe bari barimukiye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika kandi bifatanyaga n’Abigishwa Mpuzamahanga ba Bibiliya, nk’uko Abahamya ba Yehova bitwaga icyo gihe, basubiye muri Alubaniya kugira ngo bageze ku bandi ibyo bari barize. Muri abo harimo Nasho Idrizi. Abantu bamwe babyitabiriye neza. Mu mwaka wa 1924, ibiro byo muri Rumaniya byahawe inshingano yo kugenzura umurimo wo kubwiriza wakorerwaga muri Alubaniya, kugira ngo byite ku bantu bashimishijwe bakomezaga kwiyongera.

Thanas Duli (Athan Doulis) ni umwe mu bantu bo muri Alubaniya bamenye Yehova muri iyo myaka. Agira ati “mu mwaka wa 1925, muri Alubaniya hari amatorero atatu, hakaba n’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya ndetse n’abantu bashimishijwe bari batataniye hirya no hino mu gihugu. Urukundo bakundanaga rwari rutandukanye cyane n’urw’abandi bantu bari baturanye!” *

Kuba nta mihanda myiza yari ihari byatumaga ingendo zigorana cyane. Ariko kandi, ababwiriza barangwa n’ishyaka bahanganye n’icyo kibazo. Urugero, Areti Pina wo mu mujyi wa Vlorë ku nkombe z’amajyepfo, yabatijwe mu mwaka wa 1928 afite imyaka 18. Yazamukaga akanamanuka imisozi ihanamye agenda abwiriza, afite Bibiliya mu ntoki. Yari mu itorero ry’i Vlorë ryari rifite ababwiriza barangwaga n’ishyaka mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya za 30.

Mu mwaka wa 1930, umurimo wo kubwiriza  muri Alubaniya wagenzurwaga n’ibiro by’ishami byo muri Atene mu Bugiriki. Mu mwaka wa 1932, umugenzuzi usura amatorero wari wavuye mu Bugiriki yasuye Alubaniya kugira ngo atere abavandimwe baho inkunga kandi abakomeze. Abenshi mu bantu bigaga ukuri kwa Bibiliya muri icyo gihe bari bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzajya mu ijuru. Kuba bari bazwiho ko ari abantu bagira isuku kandi b’inyangamugayo byatumaga ahantu hose babubaha cyane. Umurimo abo bavandimwe b’indahemuka bakoze weze imbuto nyinshi. Mu mwaka wa 1935 no mu wa 1936, buri mwaka muri Alubaniya hatangwaga ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya bigera ku 6.500.

Umunsi umwe, mu mujyi wa Vlorë rwagati Nasho Idrizi yumvishije abantu disikuru za J. F. Rutherford kuri phonographe. Abantu bahagaritse imirimo baza kumva aho Umuvandimwe Idrizi yasemuraga izo disikuru mu Cyalubaniya. Ishyaka ry’abo bigisha ba Bibiliya bo muri icyo gihe batarambirwaga ryaragororewe. Mu mwaka wa 1940, muri Alubaniya hari Abahamya 50.

Igihugu kitemera Imana

Mu mwaka wa 1939, ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bw’Abataliyani bwigaruriye icyo gihugu cya Alubaniya. Abahamya ba Yehova bo muri icyo gihugu bambuwe ubuzima gatozi kandi umurimo wabo wo kubwiriza urahagarikwa. Nyuma y’aho gato, ingabo z’Abadage zateye icyo gihugu. Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose irangiye, haje umutegetsi w’umusirikare wari ukunzwe cyane n’abaturage witwaga Enver Hoxha. Ishyaka rye rya gikomunisiti ryatsinze amatora yo mu mwaka wa 1946, maze aba minisitiri w’intebe. Imyaka yakurikiyeho yiswe igihe cyo kwibohora, ariko ku bagize ubwoko bwa Yehova bo, icyo gihe cyari icyo gukandamizwa.

Buhoro buhoro, ubutegetsi bwatangiye kugenda burushaho kureba nabi amadini. Kubera kutivanga kwa gikristo, Abahamya ba Yehova bo muri Alubaniya banze gufata intwaro no kwivanga muri politiki (Yesaya 2:2-4; Yohana 15:17-19). Abenshi barafunzwe, babima ibyokurya n’ibindi bintu by’ibanze bikenerwa mu mibereho. Incuro nyinshi, bashiki babo bo mu buryo bw’umwuka batari bafunzwe ni bo babameseraga bakanabatekera.

Ntibatinyaga n’ubwo batotezwaga

Mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya za 40, Frosina Xheka, icyo gihe wari ukiri umwangavu wabaga mu mudugudu wo hafi ya Përmet, yumvise ibyo basaza be bigishwaga n’Umuhamya wakoraga inkweto witwaga Nasho Dori. * Ubutegetsi bwagendaga burushaho gukandamiza Abahamya ba Yehova. Ariko kandi, ukwizera kwa Frosina kwarushijeho gukomera n’ubwo ababyeyi be batabyishimiye. Agira ati “iyo najyaga mu materaniro ya gikristo bahishaga inkweto zanjye kandi bakankubita. Bagerageje kunshyingira umugabo utizera. Narabyanze maze baranyirukana. Uwo munsi hari haguye urubura. Nasho Dori yasabye Umuvandimwe Gole Flloko wabaga i Gjirokastër kumfasha. Banyemereye kubana n’umuryango w’uwo muvandimwe. Basaza banjye bamaze imyaka ibiri muri gereza bazira kutabogama kwabo. Bamaze kurekurwa nimukiye i Vlorë njya kubana na bo.

“Abapolisi bagerageje kumpatira kwifatanya mu bikorwa bifitanye isano na politiki ariko ndabangira. Baramfashe banjyana mu cyumba maze barankikiza. Umwe muri bo yanshyizeho iterabwoba ati ‘ubwo uzi ibyo dushobora kugukorera?’ Naramushubije nti ‘nta cyo mushobora kuntwara Yehova atabibemereye.’ Yarashubije ati ‘ugomba kuba uri umusazi! Sohoka hano nonaha!’ ”

Uwo mwuka w’ubudahemuka ni wo waranze abavandimwe bo muri Alubaniya muri iyo myaka yose. Mu mwaka wa 1957, umubare w’ababwiriza b’Ubwami wageze kuri 75. Mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya za 60, icyicaro gikuru cy’Abahamya ba Yehova cyohereje John Marks wari Umunyalubaniya wabaga muri Amerika, ajya i Tirana gufasha mu gutegura gahunda y’umurimo wo kubwiriza. * Nyuma y’aho gato ariko, Luçi Xheka, Mihal Sveci, Leonidha Pope n’abandi bavandimwe bari bafite inshingano boherejwe mu bigo byakorerwagamo imirimo y’agahato.

 Haboneka icyizere cy’uko bari bagiye kubona agahenge

Mbere y’umwaka wa 1967, muri Alubaniya amadini yose ntiyarebwaga neza. Nyuma y’aho noneho yaraciwe burundu. Nta bakuru b’idini, baba ab’Abagatolika, ab’Aborutodogisi cyangwa ab’Abisilamu, bari bemerewe kuyobora imihango y’idini. Insengero n’imisigiti bitafunzwe byahinduwemo amazu y’imikino, amazu ndangamurage cyangwa amasoko. Nta muntu n’umwe wari wemerewe gutunga Bibiliya. Nta muntu n’umwe washoboraga no kurihingutsa avuga ko yemera Imana.

Kubwiriza no guterana byo byasaga n’ibidashoboka rwose. Buri Muhamya yakoraga uko ashoboye kose ngo akorere Yehova, n’ubwo buri wese yagombaga kubikora ku giti cye. Kuva mu myaka ya za 60 kugeza mu myaka ya za 80, umubare w’Abahamya waragabanutse basigara ari bake cyane. Ariko kandi, bari bakomeye mu buryo bw’umwuka.

Mu mpera z’imyaka ya za 80, buhoro buhoro muri Alubaniya hatangiye kubaho ihinduka mu rwego rwa politiki. Ibyokurya n’imyambaro byari byarabaye ingume. Abaturage ntibari bishimye. Impinduramatwara yavuzaga ubuhuha mu Burayi bw’i Burasirazuba yageze muri Alubaniya mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya za 90. Nyuma y’imyaka 45 y’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu, ubutegetsi bushya bwongeye guha amadini umudendezo.

Biturutse ku mabwiriza ibiro by’ishami byo muri Otirishiya n’ibyo mu Bugiriki byahawe n’Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova, byatangiye gushakisha abavandimwe bo muri Alubaniya. Abavandimwe b’Abagiriki bari bazi Icyalubaniya bafashe bimwe mu bitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya byari biherutse guhindurwa, babijyana i Tirana n’i Berat. Igihe abavandimwe baho bari baratatanye bahuraga ku ncuro ya mbere mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi n’Abahamya bari baturutse mu bindi bihugu, basabwe n’ibyishimo.

Abapayiniya barangwa n’ishyaka bavuye mu bindi bihugu ni bo bafashe iya mbere mu murimo

Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 1992, Inteko Nyobozi yimuye Michael na Linda DiGregorio, umugabo n’umugore b’abamisiyonari bakomokaga ku Banyalubaniya, ibohereza muri Alubaniya. Babonanye n’abo bavandimwe b’indahemuka bari bageze mu za bukuru, babafasha kongera kunga ubumwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga w’abavandimwe bo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Itsinda ry’abapayiniya ba bwite 16, cyangwa ababwiriza b’igihe cyose, bavuye mu Butaliyani bahageze mu Gushyingo, hamwe n’abandi bapayiniya bane b’Abagiriki. Hatangijwe amasomo yo kwigisha abo bapayiniya ururimi rwo muri icyo gihugu.

Ubuzima bwa buri munsi bwari bugoye kuri abo bapayiniya bari bavuye mu bindi bihugu. Umuriro w’amashanyarazi wakundaga kubura. Mu gihe cy’itumba habaga hakonje cyane n’ikirere gihehereye. Abantu bamaraga amasaha menshi batonze  umurongo, bategereje guhabwa ibyokurya n’ibindi bya ngombwa. Icyakora ikibazo cy’ingorabahizi abavandimwe bari bafite, cyari icyo kubona amazu manini bihagije yari gukwirwamo abantu benshi bashimishijwe bitabiraga ukuri!

Abo bapayiniya bashyiragaho imihati yo kuvuga Icyalubaniya babonye ko ururimi ari kimwe mu bikoresho umuntu yifashisha ashaka kugera ku ntego runaka. Umuvandimwe w’inararibonye mu kwigisha Bibiliya yarababwiye ati “gusekera abavandimwe bacu cyangwa kubahobera ntibidusaba kumenya gutondagura neza inshinga. Icyo Abanyalubaniya bazitabira ni urukundo rwanyu ruvuye ku mutima, nta bwo ari uko muzavuga mukurikiza amategeko y’ikibonezamvugo. Ntimugire impungenge, bazabumva.”

Bamaze kwiga isomo rya mbere ry’Icyalubaniya, abo bapayiniya batangiye kubwiriza mu mijyi ya Berat, Durres, Gjirokastër, Shkodër, Tirana na Vlorë. Mu gihe gito havutse amatorero muri iyo mijyi. Areti Pina wari ugeze mu myaka 80 kandi wakundaga kurwaragurika, yari akiba i Vlorë. Abapayiniya babiri ba bwite boherejwe muri uwo mujyi kujya kubwirizanya na Areti. Abantu batangazwaga n’uko abanyamahanga bavugaga Icyalubaniya, bakavuga bati “abamisiyonari bo mu yandi madini baratubwira ngo twige Icyongereza cyangwa Igitaliyani niba dushaka ko bagira icyo batwigisha. Kuba mwaremeye kwiga Icyalubaniya, mugomba kuba rwose mudukunda kandi mufite ubutumwa bw’ingenzi mushaka kutubwira!” Areti yarangije isiganwa rye ryo ku isi mu budahemuka muri Mutarama 1994, kandi yakomeje kubwiriza kugeza muri uko kwezi yapfuyemo. Ishyaka yagize we n’abo bapayiniya ryaragororewe. Mu mwaka wa 1995 i Vlorë hongeye kuvuka itorero. Muri iki gihe, hari amatorero atatu afite amajyambere abwiriza muri icyo cyambu.

Muri icyo gihugu cyose, abaturage bari bafite inzara yo mu buryo bw’umwuka kandi nta rwikekwe rushingiye ku idini bari bafite. Bakiraga babishishikariye ibitabo byose by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya bahabwaga n’Abahamya kandi bakabisoma. Abakiri bato benshi batangiye kwiga Bibiliya kandi bagira amajyambere mu buryo bwihuse.

Mu gihugu cyose, amatorero agera kuri 90 hamwe n’amatsinda akomeje ‘gukomerera mu byo kwizera [kandi] umubare wayo ukomeje kugwira iminsi yose’ (Ibyakozwe 16:5). Abahamya 3.513 bo muri Alubaniya baracyafite byinshi bagomba gukora. Muri Werurwe 2005, ku Rwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Kristo hateranye abantu 10.144. Ibiganiro bishishikaje ababwiriza bagiranye n’abantu babakiranye urugwiro igihe bari mu murimo wo kubwiriza, byatumye haboneka abantu barenga 6.000 bayoborerwa icyigisho cya Bibiliya. Biragaragara neza ko hari abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi bazungukirwa n’ubuhinduzi bwa Traduction du monde nouveau mu Cyalubaniya, buherutse gusohoka. Koko rero, ijambo rya Yehova ririmo rirasagamba mu “gihugu cya Kagoma,” kandi ibyo bihesha ikuzo Yehova.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 20]

UBUSHYAMIRANE BUSHINGIYE KU MOKO BUSHIRA MURI KOSOVO!

Mu mpera z’imyaka ya za 90, Kosovo yakundaga kuvugwa cyane igihe ubushyamirane bushingiye ku turere n’urwango rukomeye cyane rushingiye ku moko byatumaga habaho intambara, amahanga agatabara.

Mu ntambara yo mu karere ka Balkan, Abahamya benshi bahungiye mu bihugu byo muri ako karere. Intambara imaze guhosha, bamwe muri bo basubiye muri Kosovo biteguye gutangira kubwiriza. Abapayiniya ba bwite bavuye muri Alubaniya no mu Butaliyani basabye kwimukira muri Kosovo kugira ngo bafashe abaturage 2.350.000 baho. Ubu muri iyo fasi hari amatorero ane n’amatsinda atandatu akorana umwete; yose hamwe akaba arimo ababwiriza 130 bakorera Yehova.

Mu itumba ryo mu mwaka wa 2003, abantu 252 bari baje mu ikoraniro ryihariye ry’umunsi umwe ryabereye i Priština. Muri bo harimo Abanyalubaniya, Abadage, Abataliyani, Abatsigane n’Abaseribe. Mu gusoza disikuru y’umubatizo, uwayitanze yabajije ibibazo bibiri. Abantu batatu barahagurutse basubiza bikiriza: umwe yari Umunyalubaniya, undi ari Umutsigane naho undi akaba Umuseribe.

Abari bateranye bakomye amashyi y’urufaya bamaze kumva abo bantu batatu bari bagiye kubatizwa basubiriza icyarimwe mu ijwi riranguruye bati “Va!,” “Da!,” “Po!” Abo uko ari batatu barahoberanye. Babonye igisubizo cy’ikibazo gikomeye cyane gishingiye ku moko cyayogoje igihugu cyabo.

[Ikarita yo ku ipaji ya 17]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu Munara w’Umurinzi)

Inyanja ya Mediterane

U BUTALIYANI

ALUBANIYA

U BUGIRIKI

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 18]

Abahamya bakiri bato bigana ishyaka ry’abakuru

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 18]

Areti Pina yabwirije mu budahemuka kuva mu mwaka wa 1928 kugeza apfuye mu wa 1994

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 19]

Itsinda rya mbere ry’abapayiniya bari bavuye mu bindi bihugu ryigishwa Icyalubaniya

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 16 yavuye]

Eagle: © Brian K. Wheeler/VIREO