Kwizera ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya birokora ubuzima

YESU yari avuye mu rusengero i Yerusalemu ku ncuro ya nyuma. Akigera hanze, umwe mu bigishwa be yariyamiriye, ati “mbega amabuye! Mbega imyubakire! Mbese aho Mwigisha, urirebera?” Urusengero ni cyo kintu cy’agaciro ishyanga rya kiyahudi ryirataga. Ariko Yesu yaramushubije ati “urareba iyi myubakire minini? Ntihazasigara ibuye rigeretse ku rindi ritajugunywe hasi.”—Mariko 13:1, 2.

Icyo gitekerezo ubwacyo cyari kigoye kucyiyumvisha! Amwe mu mabuye yari yubatse urusengero yari manini cyane. Nanone kandi, ibyo Yesu yari avuze ku birebana n’urusengero byumvikanishaga ko Yerusalemu yari kuzarimburwa, ndetse wenda n’ishyanga rya kiyahudi ubwaryo hamwe n’urusengero rwabo rwari ihuriro rya gahunda yo kuyoboka Imana, bikazimangatana. Ni yo mpamvu abigishwa ba Yesu bakomeje kumubaza bati “tubwire, ibyo bizabaho ryari, n’ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko igihe bizasohoreramo cyegereje ni ikihe?”—Mariko 13:3, 4.

Yesu yarababuriye ati “ariko imperuka izaba itaraza.” Mbere na mbere abigishwa bagombaga kuzumva impuha z’intambara, imitingito, inzara, n’ibyorezo by’indwara hirya no hino. Nyuma yaho hari kuzabaho ibintu biteye ubwoba byari kuzatuma ishyanga rya kiyahudi rigerwaho n’akaga gakomeye cyane ritigeze ribona. Koko rero, uwo wari kuzaba ari “umubabaro mwinshi.” Ariko Imana yari kuzahagoboka igakiza “abatoranyijwe,” ari bo Bakristo b’indahemuka. Yari kuzabarokora ite?—Mariko 13:7; Matayo 24:7, 21, 22; Luka 21:10, 11.

Abayahudi bigomeka ku butegetsi bw’Abaroma

Hashize imyaka 28 Abakristo bari mu mujyi wa Yerusalemu bagitegereje isohozwa ry’ayo magambo. Hirya no hino mu Bwami bw’Abaroma intambara, imitingito, inzara, n’ibyorezo by’indwara byacaga ibintu (reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 9). Muri Yudaya hari harabaye isibaniro ry’intambara zashyamiranyaga abenegihugu n’izashyamiranyaga amoko. Ariko ahari hakikijwe n’inkuta za Yerusalemu ho hari agahenge. Abantu bararyaga, barakoraga, bararongoraga bakabyara abana, nk’uko byari bisanzwe kuva na kera. Babonaga bafite urusengero runini cyane, bakibwira ko bazahorana umutuzo kandi ko nta kintu kizahinduka mu mujyi wabo.

 Bigeze mu mwaka wa 61, Abakristo bari muri Yerusalemu babonye ibaruwa bari bohererejwe n’intumwa Pawulo. Yabashimiye kuba barihanganye, ariko agaragaza ko yari ahangayikishijwe n’uko bamwe mu bari bagize itorero basaga n’abatari bakibona ko ibintu byihutirwa. Bamwe bari baracitse intege mu buryo bw’umwuka, abandi bo barananiwe kugira amajyambere ngo babe Abakristo bakuze mu buryo bw’umwuka (Abaheburayo 2:1; 5:11, 12). Pawulo yabateye inkunga agira ati “nuko rero [“ntimureke ubushizi bw’amanga bwanyu,” NW] . . . ‘Haracyasigaye igihe kigufi cyane, kandi uzaza ntazatinda. Ariko umukiranutsi wanjye azabeshwaho no kwizera. Nyamara nasubira inyuma, umutima wanjye ntuzamwishimira’” (Abaheburayo 10:35-38). Iyo yari inama iziye igihe rwose! Ariko se, abo Bakristo bari kuzagaragaza ukwizera kandi bagakomeza kuba maso bategereje isohozwa ry’ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu? Ese Yerusalemu yari hafi kurimbuka koko?

Mu myaka irenga itanu yakurikiyeho, ibintu byagiye birushaho kuzamba muri Yerusalemu. Amaherezo, mu mwaka wa 66, Guverineri w’Umuroma wari waramunzwe na ruswa witwaga Florus, yafashe amatalanto 17 ayakuye mu bubiko bw’amaturo bwo mu rusengero rwera, ayatwara avuga ko ari umusoro wagombaga guhabwa ubutegetsi bw’Abaroma. Abayahudi bararakaye cyane maze batangira kwivumbagatanya. Abayahudi b’intagondwa cyangwa Abazelote, biroshye muri Yerusalemu ari benshi bica abasirikare b’Abaroma bahabaga. Bahise batangaza nta bwoba ko Yudaya itagitegekwa n’Abaroma. Intambara yatangiye gututumba hagati ya Yudaya na Roma.

Mu mezi atatu yakurikiyeho, Guverineri w’Umuroma wategekaga Siriya witwaga Cestius Gallus hamwe n’ingabo ze zigera ku 30.000, berekeje mu majyepfo bagiye guhosha ubwo bwigomeke bw’Abayahudi. Ingabo ze zageze i Yerusalemu mu gihe cy’iminsi mikuru y’ingando, zihita zinjira aho abantu bari batuye mu nkengero z’uwo mujyi. Kubera ko Abazelote bari bake ugereranyije n’Abaroma, bahungiye mu rugo rw’urusengero. Ingabo z’Abaroma zahise zitangira gucukura urukuta rw’urusengero. Abayahudi barumiwe kandi bababazwa cyane no kubona abasirikare b’abapagani bahumanya ahantu hera cyane ku Bayahudi! Abakristo bari muri uwo mujyi bo bahise bibuka amagambo Yesu yari yarababwiye, agira ati ‘ubwo muzabona ikizira kirimbura gihagaze Ahera, icyo gihe abazaba bari i Yudaya bazahungire ku misozi’ (Matayo 24:15, 16). Ese bari kwizera ibivugwa mu buhanuzi bwa Yesu bigatuma bahunga? Dukurikije uko ibintu byagendaga bihinduka, bagombaga kurokoka ari uko babikoze. Ariko se bari kubigenza bate?

Mu buryo butunguranye, Cestius Gallus yategetse ingabo ze gusubira inyuma, kandi uko bigaragara, nta mpamvu ifatika yabimuteye. Izo ngabo zagiye zerekeza iyo ku nkombe y’inyanja nini, ari na ko Abazelote bagenda bazirukankana, bazirwanya umugenda! Mu buryo butangaje, umubabaro wagombaga kugera kuri uwo mujyi wabaye nk’uhagaritswe! Abakristo bagaragaje ko bizera umuburo wo mu buhanuzi bwa Yesu, bava muri Yerusalemu  bajya i Pela, umujyi utari ufite aho ubogamiye wari mu misozi, hakurya y’Uruzi rwa Yorodani. Icyo cyari igihe gikwiriye cyo guhunga. Abazelote bagarutse muri Yerusalemu maze bahatira abaturage bari basigaye gufatanya na bo kwigomeka. * Hagati aho, Abakristo bari i Pela umutekano ari wose, bategereje kureba aho ibintu byerekera.

Umujyi uyogozwa n’umwiryane

Mu gihe cy’amezi make gusa, haje ikindi gitero cy’ingabo z’Abaroma. Mu mwaka wa 67, Jenerali Vespasien n’umuhungu we Titus bahagurukije ingabo nyinshi zari zigizwe n’abasirikare 60.000. Mu myaka ibiri yakurikiyeho, izo ngabo zari zifite imbaraga zidasanzwe zerekeje iya Yerusalemu, zigenda zirimbura abashatse kuzirwanya bose, mu nzira yose zanyuragamo! Hagati aho, muri Yerusalemu udutsiko tw’Abayahudi twasubiranagamo bya kinyamaswa! Ahari ububiko bw’ibinyampeke muri uwo mujyi harashenywe, amazu yari akikije urusengero yose arasenywa, ndetse Abayahudi barenga 20.000 baricwa. Vespasien yabaye asubitse igitero yagombaga kugaba i Yerusalemu, aravuga ati ‘Imana irwana intambara kurusha Umujenerari w’Umuroma, ndetse kurusha nanjye ubwanjye; abanzi bacu barimo bararimburana ubwabo.’

Igihe Umwami w’Abami w’Umuroma witwaga Nero yapfaga, Vespasien yasubiye i Roma kugira ngo yime ingoma, asiga Titus kugira ngo asoze urwo rugamba rw’i Yudaya. Titus yageze i Yerusalemu mwaka wa 70 Pasika yegereje, agoteramo abantu bose bari bawutuyemo n’abari baje mu minsi mikuru. Abasirikare be batemye ibiti mu mashyamba y’i Yudaya, barabizana babyubakisha uruzitiro rw’ibirometero birindwi rwari rugizwe n’ibisongo, barugotesha inkuta z’umurwa mukuru. Ibyo byahuje n’amagambo Yesu yari yaravuze agira ati “abanzi bawe bazakubakaho uruzitiro rw’ibisongo maze bakugote, bakugarize baguturutse impande zose.”—Luka 19:43.

Nyuma y’igihe gito, inzara yatangiye kuyogoza uwo mujyi. Udutsiko tw’abantu bitwaje intwaro twatangiye kujya twinjira mu mazu y’abantu babaga bapfuye n’ababaga benda gupfa, tukayasahura. Hari umugore nibura umwe wabuze uko agira yica umwana we aramurya. Ibyo bikaba byarashohoje ubuhanuzi bwavugaga buti “uzarya imbuto zo mu nda yawe, inyama z’abahungu bawe n’abakobwa bawe, . . . ku bwo kugotwa no gusakizwa, ababisha bawe bazagusakiza.”—Gutegeka 28:53-57.

 Amaherezo, nyuma y’amezi atanu Yerusalemu yamaze igoswe, yarafashwe. Umujyi hamwe n’urusengero rwawo runini byarasahuwe, biratwikwa ndetse birasenywa, ibuye ukwaryo irindi ukwaryo (Daniyeli 9:26). Hapfuye abantu bagera kuri 1.100.000, abandi 97.000 baragurishwa kugira ngo bajye kuba abacakara * (Gutegeka 28:68). Yudaya yose yasaga n’aho isigayemo ubusa, nta Muyahudi uharangwa. Ni koko, ako kari akaga katigeze kabaho kandi kakwiriye igihugu cyose. Hari habayeho ihinduka rikomeye ku Bayahudi mu rwego rwa politiki, mu rwego rw’idini no mu rwego rw’umuco. *

Hagati aho ariko, Abakristo bari i Pela bashimiraga Imana n’umutima wabo wose ko yabarokoye. Kuba barizeye ubuhanuzi buvugwa muri Bibiliya ni byo byabarokoye.

Dushubije amaso inyuma tukareba ibyo bintu byabayeho mu gihe cyahise, byaba byiza buri wese muri twe yibajije ati ‘ese mfite ukwizera kuzatuma ndokoka umubabaro ukomeye ugenda wegereza?’ Ese mfite ‘ukwizera kuzakiza ubugingo bwanjye?’—Abaheburayo 10:39; Ibyahishuwe 7:14.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Imbonerahamwe yo ku ipaji ya 9]

Bimwe mu bintu bigize cya kimenyetso byasohoye mu kinyejana cya mbere

INTAMBARA:

Gaule (mu wa 39-40)

Amajyaruguru y’Afurika (mu wa 41)

U Bwongereza (mu wa 43, 60)

Arumeniya (mu wa 58-62)

Intambara n’imvururu zishingiye ku moko muri Yudaya (mu wa 50-66)

IMITINGITO:

Roma (mu wa 54)

Pompéi (mu wa 62)

Aziya Ntoya (mu wa 53, 62)

Kirete (mu wa 62)

INZARA:

Roma, u Bugiriki, Misiri (ahagana mu wa 42)

Yudaya (ahagana mu wa 46)

IBYOREZO BY’INDWARA:

Babuloni (mu wa 40)

Roma (mu wa 60 no mu wa 65)

ABAHANUZI B’IBINYOMA:

Yudaya (ahagana mu wa 56)

[Ikarita/​Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 10]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu Munara w’Umurinzi)

Igitero cy’Abaroma muri Palesitina, kuva mu wa 67-70

Putolemayi

Inyanja ya Galilaya

Pela

PEREYA

SAMARIYA

Yerusalemu

Inyanja y’umunyu

YUDAYA

Kayisariya

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

Map only: Based on maps copyrighted by Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est. and Survey of Israel

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 11]

Vespasien yagize ati ‘abanzi bacu barimo bararimburana ubwabo’

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 11]

Mu mwaka wa 70, ingabo z’Abaroma zashenye Yerusalemu

[Aho amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 11 yavuye]

Relief: Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma; Vespasian: Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Art Resource, NY