Ernst Glück yakoze umurimo utoroshye

UBU hashize imyaka isaga 300, Ernst Glück akoze umurimo abantu bake bari baratinyutse gukora mbere ye. Yiyemeje guhindura Bibiliya ayishyira mu rurimi atari asanzwe azi.

Glück yavutse ahagana mu mwaka wa 1654, avukira mu mujyi muto witwa Wettin, hafi y’umujyi wa Halle, mu Budage. Se yari pasiteri mu idini ry’Abaluteriyani, kandi kuba Ernst yarabaga mu muryango ushishikazwa n’iby’idini, byatumye ashishikarira kwiga ibihereranye n’Imana. Yagize imyaka 21 arangije kwiga tewolojiya mu Budage, maze yimukira mu gihugu ubu cyitwa Lettonie. Icyo gihe abenshi mu baturage b’icyo gihugu ntibari barakandagiye mu ishuri, kandi habonekaga ibitabo bike gusa mu rurimi rwabo. Glück yaranditse ati “igihe nageraga muri icyo gihugu nkiri umusore, ikibazo nahise mbona ni uko idini ryo muri Lettonie ritagiraga Bibiliya . . . Ibyo byatumye niyemeza imbere y’Imana ko ngiye kwiga urwo rurimi, kandi nkarumenya neza.” Yari yiyemeje kuzaha abaturage bo muri Lettonie Bibiliya ihinduye mu rurimi rwabo.

Yitegura guhindura

Aho Glück yabaga icyo gihe hitwaga Livonia kandi hayoborwaga na Suwede. Umuntu waho wari uhagarariye umwami wa Suwede yari Johannes Fischer. Yari ashishikajwe no kuzamura uburezi muri icyo gihugu hamwe no gushaka amafaranga. Glück yaganiriye na Fischer ku kibazo cyo guhindura Bibiliya mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya. Fischer yari afite icapiro mu murwa mukuru w’icyo gihugu witwa Riga. Gucapa Bibiliya mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya byari gutuma Fischer ateza imbere umwuga we w’uburezi kandi akabona n’amafaranga. Yasabye Umwami Charles XI wa Suwede kwemera ko bahindura iyo Bibiliya. Uwo mwami yamuhaye uburenganzira bwo gutangira uwo  mushinga, kandi yemera gutanga amafaranga azawugendaho. Umwanzuro w’umwami wo ku itariki ya 31 Kanama 1681 wemeraga ko umurimo wo guhindura Bibiliya watangira.

Hagati aho, Glück we yiteguraga guhindura. Kubera ko yari yarakuriye mu Budage, yashoboraga guhera ku buhinduzi bwa Martin Luther kugira ngo ahindure Bibiliya ayishyire mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya. Ariko Glück yifuzaga gusohora ubuhinduzi bwiza cyane kuruta ubundi bwose, maze abona ko ibyo bimusaba guhindura akura mu ndimi z’umwimerere ari zo Igiheburayo n’Ikigiriki. Glück ntiyari afite ubumenyi buhagije bw’indimi zakoreshejwe mu kwandika Bibiliya; ku bw’ibyo, yagiye i Hamburg mu Budage kwiga Igiheburayo n’Ikigiriki. Ubwo yari ari yo, umukuru w’idini wo mu cyahoze ari Livonia witwa Jānis Reiters yaba yaramufashije kumenya ururimi rw’Ikiletoniya hamwe n’Ikigiriki cyakoreshejwe mu kwandika Bibiliya.

Imyaka y’umurimo yari imyaka yo gutegereza

Glück amaze kwiga izo ndimi mu mwaka wa 1680, yasubiye muri Lettonie maze aba pasiteri. Bidatinze yatangiye umurimo w’ubuhinduzi. Mu mwaka wa 1683, Glück yagiye kuba pasiteri muri paruwasi nini y’i Alūksne, hakaba hazwiho kuba ari ho yakoreye umurimo we w’ubuhinduzi.

Icyo gihe, ururimi rw’Ikiletoniya ntirwari rufite amenshi mu magambo akoreshwa muri Bibiliya n’agaragaza imyizerere. Ibyo byatumye Glück akoresha amagambo amwe n’amwe y’Ikidage. Ariko yakoze ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ashyire Ijambo ry’Imana mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya, kandi inzobere zemera ko ubuhinduzi bwe ari bwiza cyane. Ndetse Glück yahimbye amagambo mashya, kandi ubu arakoreshwa cyane mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya. Muri ayo magambo harimo asobanura “urugero,” “umunsi mukuru,” “kinini cyane,” “gutata,” no “guhamya.”

Johannes Fischer yahoraga amenyesha umwami wa Suwedi aho imirimo y’ubuhinduzi igeze, kandi amabaruwa bandikiranaga agaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 1683, Glück yari yaramaze guhindura Ibyanditswe bya Gikristo bya Kigiriki. Yarangije guhindura Bibiliya yose mu mwaka wa 1689, amaze imyaka umunani akora uwo murimo utoroshye. * Hashize igihe iyo Bibiliya itarasohoka, ariko mu mwaka wa 1694 Glück yageze ku ntego ye. Leta yemeye ko iyo Bibiliya yo mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya yakwirakwizwa mu bantu.

 Hari abahanga mu by’amateka bibaza niba Glück ari we wenyine wahinduye iyo Bibiliya. Birumvikana ko yifashishije ubuhinduzi bwa Luther, akanakoresha n’imwe mu myandiko ya Bibiliya yari isanzwe mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya amaze kuyinonosora. Icyakora, iyo myandiko igize igice gito cyane muri Bibiliya yahinduwe na Glück. Ese haba hari abandi bahinduzi yakoresheje? Mu gihe Glück yahinduraga yari afite umwunganira, abandi bo bamufashaga mu gusoma imyandiko bayikuramo amakosa kandi bakayizanamo uburyohe. Ariko bisa n’aho abamufashaga batigeze bagira uruhare mu guhindura. Ku bw’ibyo, birashoboka ko Glück ari we wenyine wihinduriye Bibiliya ye.

Ubuhinduzi bwa Glück bwagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere ubwanditsi mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya, ariko bwagize akandi kamaro gakomeye. Noneho, abaturage bo muri Lettonie bashoboraga gusoma Ijambo ry’Imana mu rurimi rwabo kandi bakamenya inyigisho ntangabuzima zirimo. Ntibaribagirwa ibyo Ernst Glück yabakoreye. Mu gihe cy’imyaka 300, abaturage b’i Alūksne bakomeje gufata neza ibiti bibiri bizwi ku izina rya Glika ozoli, cyangwa ibiti bya Glück. Glück yateye ibyo biti agira ngo bajye babyibukiraho Bibiliya yo mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya. Mu gace ka Alūksne hari inzu ndangamurage ntoya irimo Bibiliya zinyuranye, muri zo hakaba harimo n’iy’ubuhinduzi bwa Glück yo mu icapa rya mbere. Ibirango by’i Alūksne biriho iyo Bibiliya n’umwaka wa 1689, igihe Glück yarangizaga kuyihindura.

Umurimo yakoze nyuma yaho

Nyuma gato y’aho Glück agereye muri Lettonie, yatangiye kwiga Ikirusiya. Mu mwaka wa 1699, yanditse avuga ko yari arimo agera ku kindi kintu yifuzaga, ari cyo guhindura Bibiliya mu Kirusiya. Mu ibaruwa yanditse mu mwaka wa 1702, yavuze ko yari yaratangiye gusubiramo Bibiliya yo mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya. Ariko kandi, imimerere myiza yo guhinduriramo Bibiliya yagendaga ikendera. Nyuma y’imyaka myinshi Lettonie yamaze mu mahoro, yaje kubamo intambara. Mu mwaka wa 1702, ingabo z’Abarusiya zatsinze iz’Abasuwedi, maze zigarurira Alūksne. Glück n’umuryango we boherezwa mu Burusiya. * Muri ibyo bihe by’umuvurungano, Glück yatakaje inyandiko z’intoki za Bibiliya yahinduraga mu Kiletoniya n’izo mu Kirusiya. Yapfiriye i Moscou mu mwaka wa 1705.

Kuba ubwo buhinduzi bwa nyuma bwo mu Kiletoniya no mu Kirusiya bwarabuze, hatakaye ikintu gikomeye cyane. Ariko kugeza ubu, umuntu wese usoma Bibiliya yo mu rurimi rw’Ikiletoniya, yungukirwa no gusoma ubuhinduzi bw’umwimerere bwa Glück.

Ernst Glück ni umwe mu bantu benshi bagiye bakora umurimo utoroshye wo guhindura Bibiliya mu ndimi za rubanda. Ibyo byatumye, hafi abantu bose bavuga ururimi runaka ku isi bashobora gusoma Ijambo ry’Imana, bityo bakanywa ku mazi y’agaciro kenshi y’ukuri kwaryo. Koko rero, Yehova akomeje kwimenyekanisha mu bantu bose binyuze kuri Bibiliya ziri mu ndimi zisaga 2.000.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

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Ubuhinduzi bwa Glück

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Abahamya ba Yehova bigisha Bibiliya mu mujyi Glück yahinduriyemo Bibiliya ye