“Impano ikomeye” yahawe Polonye

KU ITARIKI ya 6 Nyakanga 1525, Igikomangoma cyitwa Albrecht cy’intara ya Hohenzollern cyatangaje ko idini ry’Abaluteriyani ribaye idini rya Leta. Kubera iyo mpamvu, igihugu cya Prusse y’Ibikomangoma cyagengwaga n’Ubwami bwa Polonye icyo gihe, cyahindutse Leta ya mbere yo mu Burayi yayobotse inyigisho za Martin Luther ku mugaragaro.

Albrecht yashakaga ko umujyi wa Königsberg, wari umurwa mukuru wa Prusse y’Iburasirazuba icyo gihe, uba ihuriro ry’abayoboke b’idini ry’Abaporotesitanti. Yashinze kaminuza muri uwo mujyi kandi atanga inkunga yo gucapa mu ndimi nyinshi inyandiko za Luther. Mu mwaka wa 1544, Igikomangoma Albrecht cyatanze itegeko rivuga ko abaturage ba Polonye bari batuye mu gice cyayoboraga bagombaga kumva amagambo y’Ibyanditswe Byera, abasomerwa mu rurimi rwabo. Nyamara, nta buhinduzi na bumwe bwa Bibiliya bwari bwakabonetse mu rurimi rw’Igipolonye.

Guhindura Bibiliya mu “rurimi rwa rubanda”

Kugira ngo Albrecht akemure icyo kibazo, yatangiye gushakisha umuntu wari gushobora guhindura Ibyanditswe bya Kigiriki bya Gikristo mu Gipolonye. Ahagana mu mwaka wa 1550, yashatse umukozi wari gukora mu bwanditsi, mu kugurisha ibitabo no kubicapa witwaga Jan Seklucjan. Seklucjan yari yararangije amashuri muri Kaminuza y’i Leipzig kandi yari azwiho kuba yarashotoraga Kiliziya Gatolika akwirakwiza inyigisho z’Abaporotesitanti. Mu by’ukuri Seklucjan yari aherutse gutorokera i Königsberg ahunga gucirwa urubanza yaregwagamo gukwirakwiza ibitekerezo bye bijyanye n’idini.

Jan Seklucjan yari ashishikajwe no guhindura Ibyanditswe mu rurimi rw’Igipolonye. Nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa Seklucjan ahawe ako kazi, kopi ya mbere y’Ivanjiri ya Matayo yahise isohoka mu icapiro. Iyo Vanjiri yarimo n’umwandiko utanga ibisobanuro birambuye ndetse n’ibisobanuro umuntu yakwifashisha bigaragara mu mikika, byerekana ubundi buryo imirongo imwe n’imwe ishobora guhindurwamo. Nyuma yaho gato, Seklucjan yayoboye imirimo yo gucapa umubumbe ukubiyemo Amavanjiri yose uko ari ane. Mu myaka itatu gusa yari arangije gucapa Ibyanditswe bya Kigiriki bya Gikristo byuzuye.

Kugira ngo uwo muhinduzi ashobore guhindura neza, yifashishaga imyandiko y’Ikigiriki. Ikindi kandi, ijambo ry’ibanze ry’umubumbe wo mu mwaka wa 1551 ryagaragazaga ko ubuhinduzi bwo mu Kilatini ndetse n’“ubuhinduzi  bwo mu zindi ndimi bwifashishijwe.” Umwanditsi witwa Stanisław Rospond yatatse ubwo buhinduzi bwa Seklucjan agira ati “ni bwiza kandi umwandiko wabwo ufite injyana” (Studies on the Polish Language of the 16th Century). Rospond yavuze ko uwo muhinduzi atashyizemo “imvugo ijimije.” Ahubwo yihatiye gukoresha amagambo y’Igipolonye “asa cyane n’ayakoreshwaga na rubanda.”

Nubwo Seklucjan ari we wayoboye uwo mushinga, hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko atari we wahinduraga. None se intiti y’umuhinduzi yifashishijwe yari nde? Yari Stanisław Murzynowski, umusore ushobora kuba yari arengeje gato imyaka 20 mu gihe Seklucjan yamuhaga akazi ko gusohoza iyo nshingano itoroshye.

Murzynowski yari yaravukiye mu giturage, ariko amaze gukura, se yamwohereje i Königsberg kwiga Ikigiriki n’Igiheburayo. Nyuma yaho Murzynowski yinjiye muri Kaminuza y’i Wittenberg mu Budage, aho agomba kuba yarahuriye na Martin Luther. Uwo munyeshuri wari ukiri muto, yigishijwe na Philipp Melanchthon, nta gushidikanya akaba yaramufashije kumenya neza indimi z’Ikigiriki n’Igiheburayo. Murzynowski amaze gukomereza amashuri ye mu Butaliyani, yasubiye i Königsberg gukorera Igikomangoma Albrecht.

Umwanditsi witwa Maria Kossowska yagize ati “Murzynowski yari umukozi ukorana umwete kandi ukora ibintu neza; nyamara ntiyigeze yishakira icyubahiro, imyanya yo hejuru, cyangwa ngo asabe ko izina rye ryakwandikwa ku rupapuro rubanza rwanditsweho umutwe w’iyo Bibiliya” (The Bible in the Polish Language). Kandi koko uwo musore ni we wiyandikiye iby’ubushobozi bwe ati “sinandika neza haba mu Kilatini cyangwa mu Gipolonye.” Nubwo Murzynowski yashidikanyaga atyo, yabaye igikoresho mu kugeza ku baturage bo muri Polonye Ijambo ry’Imana. Mugenzi we Seklucjan yaje gutaka Bibiliya bahinduye agira ati ni “impano ikomeye” yahawe Polonye.

Imwe mu mpano z’agahebuzo

Kuva haboneka ubwo buhinduzi bwa mbere bwa Bibiliya mu Gipolonye, hakurikiyeho ubundi buhinduzi bwinshi. Mu mwaka wa 1994 hatangajwe ubuhinduzi bwa Bibiliya bwitwa New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, kandi mu mwaka wa 1997, ubuhinduzi bwuzuye bwa New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures mu Gipolonye bwarabonetse. Kubera ko abahinduzi b’iyo Bibiliya batajya bishakira icyubahiro, bihatiye guhindura Ijambo ry’Imana mu buryo nyabwo kandi buhuje n’imvugo y’ubu ikoreshwa na rubanda, itandukanye n’iyakoreshwaga mu kinyejana cya 16.

Muri iki gihe, Bibiliya iboneka yuzuye cyangwa ibice byayo mu ndimi zisaga 2400. Niba ushobora kubona ubuhinduzi bwiza bw’Ijambo ry’Imana mu rurimi rwawe kavukire, iyo ni imwe mu mpano z’agahebuzo waba ubonye, impano ikomoka kuri Yehova Imana kugira ngo akuyobore.—2 Timoteyo 3:15-17.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 20]

Ibuye ryabarijwe kwibuka Stanisław Murzynowski wahinduye “Isezerano Rishya” mu Gipolonye

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 21]

Umwandiko wo muri Matayo igice cya 3 wahinduwe na Stanisław Murzynowski

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

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