Ijambo rya Yehova ni rizima:

Ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikubiye mu gitabo cya Daniyeli

HARI igitabo gisobanura amagambo yo muri Bibiliya cyagize kiti “igitabo cya Daniyeli ni kimwe mu bitabo bishishikaje kurusha ibindi bigize Bibiliya. Ukuri kuvugwa muri icyo gitabo kuzahoraho” (Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary). Inkuru ivuga ibya Daniyeli itangira mu wa 618 Mbere ya Yesu, igihe Nebukadinezari Umwami w’i Babuloni yageraga i Yerusalemu akagota uwo mugi, akajyana “abana b’abasore bamwe bo mu Bisirayeli” ho iminyago (Daniyeli 1:1-3). Muri bo harimo Daniyeli ushobora kuba yari akiri ingimbi. Icyo gitabo gisoza kivuga ibya Daniyeli ari i Babuloni. Igihe Daniyeli yari afite imyaka igera ku 100, Imana yamusezeranyije ko ‘azaruhuka kandi ko azahagarara mu mugabane we iyo minsi nishira.’—Daniyeli 12:13.

Ibice bibanza by’igitabo cya Daniyeli bibara inkuru bivuga uko ibintu byagiye bikurikirana. Muri iyo nkuru hakoreshwa ngenga ya gatatu y’ubumwe, naho mu bice bya nyuma hagakoreshwa ngenga ya mbere y’ubumwe. Icyo gitabo cyanditswe na Daniyeli kandi gikubiyemo ubuhanuzi buvuga ibirebana no gukomera ndetse no kugwa kw’ibihugu by’ibihangange byagiye bitegeka isi. Kivuga kandi ibirebana no kuza kwa Mesiya ndetse n’ibintu bibaho muri iki gihe. * Nanone kandi, uwo muhanuzi wari ugeze mu za bukuru yashubije amaso inyuma, avuga inkuru y’ibyamubayeho idutera inkunga yo kubera Imana indahemuka. Ubutumwa bwa Daniyeli ni buzima kandi bufite imbaraga.—Abaheburayo 4:12.

INKURU IVUGA UKO IBINTU BYAGIYE BIKURIKIRANA ITWIGISHA IKI?

(Daniyeli 1:1–6:29)

Mu mwaka wa 617 Mbere ya Yesu, Daniyeli na bagenzi be batatu ari bo Saduraka, Meshaki na Abedenego bari mu rugo rw’umwami i Babuloni. Imyaka itatu yose abo basore bamaze batozwa imibereho y’ibwami, bakomeje gushikama ku Mana. Nyuma y’imyaka umunani, Umwami Nebukadinezari yarose inzozi zigoye kuzisobanura. Daniyeli yarazirotoye aranazisobanura. Umwami yemeye ko Yehova ari we ‘Mana nyamana, Umwami w’abami kandi Uhishura ibihishwe’ (Daniyeli 2:47). Ariko nyuma yaho gato, Nebukadinezari yabaye nk’uwibagiwe iryo somo. Igihe bagenzi ba Daniyeli batatu bangaga kunamira igishushanyo kinini, uwo mwami yabajugunye mu itanura ry’umuriro. Imana y’ukuri yarabakijije uko ari batatu, Nebukadinezari ahatirwa kwemera ko ‘nta yindi mana ibasha gukiza bene ako kageni.’—Daniyeli 3:29.

Nebukadinezari yongeye kurota inzozi zifite icyo zisobanura. Yabonye igiti kinini gitemwa kandi kirahambirwa kugira ngo kidashibuka. Daniyeli yasobanuye izo nzozi. Igice kimwe cy’izo nzozi cyasohoye igihe Nebukadinezari yahindukaga umusazi, nyuma yaho akaza kuba muzima. Imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo nyuma yaho, Umwami Belushazari yateguye ibirori bikomeye, atumira abatware bakuru be kandi  akoresha mu buryo busuzuguritse ibikoresho byari byarakuwe mu rusengero rwa Yehova. Iryo joro Belushazari yarishwe, ubwo bwami buhabwa Dariyo w’Umumedi (Daniyeli 5:30–6:1). Ku ngoma ya Dariyo, icyo gihe Daniyeli akaba yari afite imyaka irenga 90, abategetsi b’abanyeshyari bacuze umugambi wo kwica uwo muhanuzi wari ugeze mu za bukuru. Ariko Yehova yamukuye mu ‘nzara z’intare.’—Daniyeli 6:28.

Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:

1:11-15—Ese ibyokurya byari bigizwe n’ibishyimbo [“imboga,” NW], ni byo byatumye abo basore bane b’Abayuda bagira mu maso heza? Ibyo si byo kuko nta mafunguro yatuma haba ihinduka rimeze rityo mu gihe cy’iminsi icumi gusa. Ahubwo ni Yehova watumye abo basore b’Abaheburayo bagira mu maso heza. Yabahaye imigisha kubera ko bamwiringiye.—Imigani 10:22.

2:1—Ni ryari Nebukadinezari yarose inzozi zihereranye n’igishushanyo kinini? Iyi nkuru ivuga ko hari “mu mwaka wa kabiri Umwami Nebukadinezari akiri ku ngoma.” Yabaye umwami w’i Babuloni mu mwaka wa 624 Mbere ya Yesu. Bityo rero, umwaka wa kabiri w’ingoma ye waba waratangiye mu wa 623 Mbere ya Yesu, imyaka myinshi mbere y’uko atera u Buyuda. Icyo gihe, Daniyeli ntiyari kuba ageze i Babuloni ngo asobanure izo nzozi. Uko bigaragara, uwo “mwaka wa kabiri” wabazwe bahereye mu wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu, igihe umwami w’i Babuloni yarimburaga Yerusalemu, akaba umutegetsi w’isi yose.

2:32, 39—Ni mu buhe buryo Ubwami bugereranywa n’ifeza bwarutwaga n’ubugereranywa n’umutwe w’izahabu, kandi se ni gute ubwami bugereranywa n’umuringa bwarutwaga n’ubugereranywa n’ifeza? Ubwami bw’Abamedi n’Abaperesi bugereranywa n’igice cy’ifeza cy’igishushanyo, bwari buciriritse ugereranyije na Babuloni igereranywa n’umutwe wa zahabu, kubera ko butagaragaje ko bukomeye ngo buhirike u Buyuda. Ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bwakurikiyeho ni u Bugiriki bugereranywa n’umuringa. U Bugiriki bwarutwaga n’ubutegetsi bw’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, nk’uko umuringa urushwa agaciro n’ifeza. Nubwo ubwami bw’u Bugiriki bwategekaga ahantu hanini, ntibwagize igikundiro cyo kuvana ubwoko bwa Yehova mu bunyage nk’uko Abamedi n’Abaperesi bari barabikoze.

4:5, 6—Ese Daniyeli yari umutware w’abakonikoni? Oya. Imvugo ngo “[u]mutware w’abakonikoni,” yerekeza gusa ku nshingano Daniyeli yari afite yo kuba “umutware mukuru w’abanyabwenge bose b’i Babuloni.”—Daniyeli 2:48.

4:7, 8, 17-19—Igiti kinini Nebukadinezari yabonye mu nzozi kigereranya iki? Mbere na mbere, icyo giti kigereranya Nebukadinezari wategekaga ubwami bw’igihangange bw’isi. Ariko hari ikindi kintu gikomeye icyo giti kigomba kuba kigereranya, kubera ko ubwo butware bwageze “ku mpera y’isi.” Muri Daniyeli 4:14, hagaragaza isano iri hagati y’izo nzozi n’ubutegetsi bw’“Isumbabyose” itegeka abantu bose. Ubwo rero, icyo giti kigereranya nanone ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova, cyane cyane mu birebana n’ubutegetsi bw’isi. Ku bw’ibyo, ibivugwa muri izo nzozi byasohoye mu buryo bubiri: mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwa Nebukadinezari ndetse no mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova.

4:13, 20, 22, 29, 30—“Ibihe birindwi” bireshya bite? Ibintu byose byahindutse Umwami Nebukadinezari abireba, bigaragaza ko byabaye  mu gihe kirenze “ibihe birindwi,” kandi ko byafashe igihe kirenze iminsi irindwi isanzwe. Ku birebana na Nebukadinezari, ibyo bihe byanganaga n’imyaka irindwi, buri mwaka ukaba ugizwe n’iminsi 360, cyangwa iminsi 2.520. Mu isohozwa ryagutse, “ibihe birindwi” bingana n’imyaka 2.520 (Ezekiyeli 4:6, 7). Byatangiranye n’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu ryabaye mu wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu, birangira mu wa 1914 igihe Yesu yimikwaga mu ijuru.—Luka 21:24.

6:7-11—Ese ko nta buryo runaka bwihariye umuntu asabwa kuba yifashemo mu gihe asenga, ntibyari bikwiriye ko Daniyeli agira amakenga, akajya asenga mu ibanga mu gihe cy’iminsi 30? Abantu bari bazi ko Daniyeli yasengaga gatatu ku munsi. Ni yo mpamvu abamugambaniye bahimbye itegeko ribuzanya gusenga. Iyo abandi baza kubona hari icyo ahinduye kuri gahunda ye yo gusenga, bashoboraga kubona ko agamburuye, kandi byari kugaragaza ko gusenga Yehova nta cyo amubangikanyije na cyo bimunaniye.

Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:

1:3-8. Kuba Daniyeli na bagenzi be bariyemeje kubera Yehova indahemuka, byerekana neza ko ababyeyi babo bagomba kuba bari barabatoje neza. Iyo ababyeyi batinya Imana bashyize inyungu z’iby’umwuka mu mwanya wa mbere, kandi bakigisha n’abana babo kubigenza batyo, abana babo bashobora kurwanya ibigeragezo n’ibishuko bashobora guhura na byo ku ishuri cyangwa ahandi hantu, kandi bakabitsinda.

1:10-12. Daniyeli yumvise impamvu “umutware w’inkone” yatinyaga umwami, bityo ntiyakomeza kugira ibyo amusaba. Ahubwo nyuma yaho yegereye “igisonga,” cyo kikaba cyarashoboraga kumwumva mu buryo bworoshye kurushaho. Mu gihe turi mu mimerere igoye, natwe tugomba kugaragaza ubushishozi n’ubwenge.

2:29, 30. Kimwe na Daniyeli, ubumenyi, imico cyangwa ubushobozi bwose twaba dufite, twagombye kubishimira Yehova kubera ko bituruka ku nyigisho zo muri Bibiliya.

3:16-18. Iyo ba Baheburayo batatu bagamburura mbere bakemera kurya ku byokurya bari bateguriwe, birashoboka ko batari gushira amanga nk’uko babigenje. Natwe tugomba gukora uko dushoboye kose kugira ngo tube abantu ‘bakiranuka muri byose.’––1 Timoteyo 3:11.

4:21-24. Kubwiriza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bukubiyemo imanza Imana izacira abanzi bayo, bisaba ukwizera n’ubutwari nk’ibyo Daniyeli yagaragaje, igihe yabwiraga Nebukadinezari ibyari kuzamubaho ndetse n’icyo yari kuzakora kugira azagire “amahoro.”

5:30–6:1. Amagambo agira ati “umwami w’i Babuloni uzamukina ku mubyimba” yabaye impamo (Yesaya 14:3, 4, 12-15). Satani Umwanzi, ugaragaza ubwibone nk’ubw’uwo mwami w’i Babuloni, na we azagira iherezo riteye agahinda.—Daniyeli 4:27; 5:2-4, 23.

IBYO DANIYELI YERETSWE BIGARAGAZA IKI?

(Daniyeli 7:1–12:13)

Mu wa 553 Mbere ya Yesu, igihe Daniyeli yarotaga inzozi zikubiyemo iyerekwa ku ncuro ya mbere, yari afite imyaka irenga 70. Icyo gihe yabonye inyamaswa enye nini zigereranya uko ubutegetsi bw’ibihangange bw’isi bwagiye bukurikirana, kuva mu gihe cye kugeza muri iki gihe turimo. Igihe yerekwaga ibyo mu ijuru, yabonye “usa n’umwana w’umuntu” wahawe “ubutware bw’iteka ryose” (Daniyeli 7:13, 14). Imyaka ibiri nyuma yaho, Daniyeli yeretswe ibirebana n’umwami w’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, uw’u Bugiriki, n’undi waje guhinduka “umwami w’umunyamwaga.”––Daniyeli 8:23.

Mu mwaka wa 539 Mbere ya Yesu, Babuloni yaraguye kandi Dariyo w’Umumedi yategetse ubwami bw’Abakaludaya bwose. Daniyeli yasenze Yehova kugira ngo azabasubize mu gihugu cyabo. Agisenga, Yehova yohereje marayika Gaburiyeli kugira ngo ‘yungure Daniyeli ubwenge’ ku birebana no kuza kwa Mesiya (Daniyeli 9:20-25). Hagati y’umwaka wa 536 n’uwa 535 Mbere ya Yesu, abasigaye bo mu Bisirayeli bagarutse i Yerusalemu. Ariko hari abantu barwanyije umurimo wo kubaka urusengero. Ibyo byababaje Daniyeli maze akajya ahora abishyira mu isengesho. Uwo mumarayika amaze gukomeza Daniyeli no kumutera inkunga, yavuze ibihereranye n’ubuhanuzi buvuga ibyo kurwanira ubutware hagati y’umwami w’amajyaruguru  n’umwami w’amajyepfo. Ubushyamirane hagati y’abo bami bombi bwatangiye igihe abakuru b’ingabo bane bo mu ngabo za Alexandre le Grand bagabanaga ubwami bwe, bukaba buzarangira igihe Umutware Ukomeye ari we Mikayeli “azahaguruka.”—Daniyeli 12:1.

Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:

8:9—“Ubwiza” bugereranya iki? “Ubwiza” buvugwa aha ngaha, bugereranya imimerere yo ku isi Abakristo basizwe barimo mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bw’isi bw’Abongereza n’Abanyamerika.

8:25—“Umwami w’abami” ni nde? Ijambo ry’Igiheburayo sar rihindurwamo “umwami,” muri Bibiliya Yera, ubusanzwe rivuga “umutware.” Izina “Umwami w’abami” ryerekeza kuri Yehova Imana wenyine, Umukuru w’abatware b’abamarayika bose, hakubiyemo na “Mikayeli, umwe wo mu batware bakomeye.”––Daniyeli 10:13.

9:21—Kuki Daniyeli yerekeza kuri marayika Gaburiyeli amwita “umugabo”? Ni ukubera ko Gaburiyeli yamubonekeye ari mu ishusho y’umuntu, nk’uko yigeze kugaragara mu iyerekwa Daniyeli yari yarabonye mbere yaho.—Daniyeli 8:15-17.

9:27—Ni irihe sezerano ryakomeje kugira agaciro kuri benshi kugeza ku iherezo ry’icyumweru cya 70 cy’imyaka cyangwa mu mwaka wa 36? Isezerano ry’amategeko ryakuweho mu mwaka wa 33 igihe Yesu yamanikwaga. Ariko kugira ngo isezerano Yehova yagiranye na Aburahamu rirebana n’Abisirayeli kavukire rigumeho kandi rigire agaciro ndetse rigeze mu mwaka wa 36, Yehova yongereye igihe cyo gutonesha Abayahudi mu buryo bwihariye kubera ko bakomotse kuri Aburahamu. Isezerano Yehova yagiranye na Aburahamu rirebana na “Isirayeli y’Imana” ryakomeje kugira agaciro.—Abagalatiya 3:7-9, 14-18, 29; 6:16.

Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:

9:1-23; 10:11. Kubera ko Daniyeli yicishaga bugufi kandi akaba yarubahaga Imana, ndetse akaba yariyigishaga Ijambo ry’Imana akanasenga ubudasiba, byatumye aba “[u]mugabo ukundwa cyane.” Nanone iyo mico yamufashije gukomeza kubera Imana indahemuka kugeza ku iherezo y’ubuzima bwe. Nimucyo natwe twiyemeze gukurikiza urugero rwa Daniyeli.

9:17-19. Ndetse no mu gihe dusenga dusaba ko isi nshya y’Imana iza, iyo “gukiranuka kuzabamo,” ikigomba kuza mu mwanya wa mbere ni ukwezwa kw’izina rya Yehova no kuvana umugayo ku butegetsi bwe bw’ikirenga, aho kugira ngo dusenge dusaba ko yadukuriraho imibabaro n’ibibazo byacu bwite.—2 Petero 3:13.

10:9-11, 18, 19. Dushobora kwigana marayika waje kureba Daniyeli, duterana inkunga kandi dukomezanya binyuze mu gufashanya no guhumurizanya.

12:3. Muri iyi minsi y’imperuka, “abanyabwenge,” ari bo Bakristo basizwe, barabagiranye “nk’amatabaza” kandi ‘bahinduriye benshi ku bukiranutsi,’ hakubiyemo abagize imbaga y’“abantu benshi” bagize “izindi ntama” (Abafilipi 2:15; Ibyahishuwe 7:9; Yohana 10:16). Abasizwe “bazaka nk’inyenyeri” mu buryo bwuzuye mu gihe cy’Ubutegetsi bwa Kristo bw’Imyaka Igihumbi, igihe bazafatanya na Kristo mu gutuma abantu bumvira bazaba bari ku isi bungukirwa mu buryo bwuzuye n’incungu. Abagize “izindi ntama” bagomba kwifatanya akaramata n’abasizwe, bakabashyigikira mu buryo bwose babigiranye umutima wabo wose.

Yehova ‘aha umugisha’ abamutinya

Ni iki igitabo cya Daniyeli kitwigisha ku bihereranye n’Imana dusenga? Tekereza ku buhanuzi buri muri icyo gitabo, bwamaze gusohora ndetse n’ubutarasohora. Mbega ukuntu bugaragaza neza ko Yehova asohoza ibyo yavuze!—Yesaya 55:11.

Igice kibara inkuru cy’igitabo cya Daniyeli kitwigisha iki ku byerekeye Imana yacu? Abasore bane b’Abaheburayo banze kwigana imibereho y’ibwami igihe bari i Babuloni, maze bahabwa “kujijuka no kuba abahanga mu byo bigishwa no mu by’ubwenge” (Daniyeli 1:17). Imana y’ukuri yohereje marayika wayo avana Saduraka, Meshaki na Abedenego mu itanura ry’umuriro. Daniyeli na we yavanywe mu rwobo rw’intare. Yehova ni ‘umutabazi n’ingabo’ ku bamwiringira kandi ‘aha umugisha’ abamutinya.—Zaburi 115:9, 13.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 18]

Kuki Daniyeli yiswe “[u]mugabo ukundwa cyane”?